Presentation on the topic "Still Life". Still life Presentation on the story Still Life Presentation

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Signatures for slides:

Still life FR. Nature Morte, literally - "Deadlife", with Nature "Nature, Nature; Nature; Essence, Property" and Morte "Death"; Still life

"Dead Nature" showed the ability to invade the "live" - \u200b\u200band not only to display, but also explain it.

Still-life - genre of fine art Still life, genre of fine art, which is dedicated to the image of things placed in a single environment and organized into a group.

Staging a special organization of the motive (the so-called formulation) is one of the main components of the stripping system of still life.

Living Nature Objects In addition to inanimate objects (for example, household items), in still life depict objects of wildlife, isolated from their natural bonds and thereby faced into the thing - fish on the table, flowers in a bouquet, etc.

Image of living beings The image of the living, moving beings - insects, birds, animals, even people - can sometimes enter the still life, but only complementing his main motive.

Objectives of still life The goal of the still life as a genre is not reduced to the expression of symbols, to solving decorative tasks or to the natural extensive accurate fixation of the objective world. The photographer can create a capacious in still life, a multilayer image that has a complex semantic subtext.

The specificity of the genre of the genre specifies the increased attention of the artist (and the viewer) to the structure and parts of the volume, the surface texture to the problems of the image.

How to start the layout of still life? The fact is that each setting contains a composite center that "keeps" our attention. An important role is played by inspiration here, and maybe you saw, noticed the subject that they certainly wanted to capture and show it from a new, unexpected side.

First, items should be harmoniously located, one item is a composite center around which your story is built. And all together they constitute a single whole, that is, your idea should be read.

For still life, a smooth surface is used (table, chair, windowsill).

Several rules when building still life, items should be located quite close to each other, compactly, and the distances between them should be different.

Color masses must be balanced, balanced.

It is desirable not to have the same colors horizontally.

Table (chair, windowsill) should not share the frame in half.

The lower part must be greater or less than the top image with the background.

Location near black and white, abundance of sharp, broken lines leads to a sense of struggle and drama

Abundance of light, smooth transitions soothe and please

Emotional construction of the composition should be in accordance with the plot of the picture

Light statement In most cases, still life is a large-plane image of objects. In the pictures, they should look like that we are accustomed to see them in real life. And this is possible only under the condition that the surface texture of the objects will be transferred due to the corresponding installation of the lighting devices.

Lighting still lifes with a single source of light to shoot a small still life, you can use the directional light of the only source. There is no eye, nor the chin, therefore, there are no problems associated with the appearance of appropriate shadows. However, glare can appear on reflective surfaces, and the shadows created by the light from the source, located several to the left and above the chamber, are very undesirable.

When shooting still life, it is enough to use only one source of light in order to get an interesting snapshot on a tonality and black-free solution.

Single source; Scattered lighting lighting can be significantly improved if you use a large translucent (translucent) umbrella. However, in this case, there are still deep shadows with unaware edges, which, as a rule, do not strengthen the impressions of the image. The light source, as seen by the position of the shadows, is still being up and on the side of the items taken. The glare on shiny surfaces is significantly weakened, and the background material still looks unpleasant gray.

The lighting reflected from the two umbrellas with light is applied two of the source power with the same reflective umbrellas, located at an angle of 45 ° on each side of the object. This lighting scheme is popular when photographed small still lifes, but its disadvantages are usually not taken into account. The shadows disappear only in the middle part of the composition, but continue to exist on both its edges, disrupting the impression of three-dimensional objects. Cylindrical objects do not look at the same time, as they should look like.

Lighting the main single source and background lighting moving a single source of scattered light into position directly above the camera, you can effectively eliminate shadows. Modeling the spatial form and depth is not quite satisfactory, but the entire image seems much cleaner, clearer. To improve the background lighting, which is uneven gray, have to use the second light source, which is placed behind and slightly above still life to light the background. It also causes backlight from above and behind the entire group of items.

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Presentation of the background If it is not necessary for visual purposes not a light, but a dark background, many photographers are trying to organize it, directing the light of the main source for shooting items. This reception rarely provides perfect lighting. A simpler and efficient method is to create a special black background. For this above the existing background, for example, from rolled paper, behind and several centimeters above the shooting items are attached to a wide line of black. This band throws up a deep shadow on the background with blurry edges, well highling the background.

Adding modeling lateral lighting without changing the general nature of the illumination of the previous scheme and not creating new visible shadows, a small source of scattered light was added to the lighting scheme, located outside the frame to the right of the still life, almost at an angle of 90 °, but a little bit ahead. This caused a weakening of the glare on one side of the student items with some criticism of the opposite side and thereby emphasized the plot depth.

Scattered background lighting The source is located behind and over the object, outside the frame and turn in such a way that the flow of light is directed to top downward. The roll of paper, which is the background, is attached directly to the tripod on which the illuminator is installed. Such a scheme with a single source emphasizes the brilliance, structure and translucency of the shooting object and is ideal when photographing food products, leather products and other reflecting items that have a pronounced surface texture. The reflector, located below the camera, highlights the shadows.

Additional background lighting for shooting this plot was applied directional background lighting, which caused the appearance of shadows discarded by objects towards the camera. Without rear lighting, the structure of wooden table covers would not work and would not have created a visual impression of their polishing. The main lighting is scattered and is created by two sources with large scattering umbrellas located on both sides of the device. Background lighting also lands the background of the paper roll.

The focusing lighting of some still lifes "win" from additional accentuating lighting, revealing reflective or textured inclined surfaces. You can apply any number of such focusing light sources, since their effect is largely based on reflection than on lighting, and can be adjusted by changing the power of these sources. On some objects, a light border appears in such lighting.

Lighting from below similar scheme can be used when shooting items that are important to highlight the lower side. Sometimes it is enough just a background of white paper, which reflects enough light to illuminate the shadows. For objects of a more complex shape having steep front protrusions or deep niches, backlight can be useful to a single source below the chamber. Reflectors in this case should be too large, and they are not always able to place in the desired position below the camera. If a small source of directional light is used, its power must be small.

Depending on the image content, the background is selected. It must be smooth, calm, rarely with the shading from light to the dark. Light items sometimes look better on a dark background and, on the contrary, dark - on light. The background is transmitted in the picture usually slightly bliss. Background

In most cases, the surface on which the items are placed, and the background is divided by the horizontal line, which prevents the holistic perception of the picture, as it divides the image into two parts. In order to avoid this line in the picture, you should choose either a high shooting point, or as a background to use a fairly large paper sheet or a piece of fabric.

At the same time, paper or cloth should, smoothly bending, move from the horizontal plane to the vertical.

Porcelain when photographing products from porcelain can be used not only white, but also black background. In this case, the basis of the tonal construction of the image will be the contrast between the bright dishes and a non-specific dark background.

For a clear outline of the service contours, you can use the back-up (almost context) upper light, and in front of the items to illuminate the sources of scattered light.

The most difficult for reproduction are products made of glass, polished wood, metal and other materials having a glossy surface. To prevent the occurrence of them, glare and reflection of the surrounding environment are used soft and scattered light.

Coins, medals and other flat items are removed to detect the relief in the side, sharply directed, "sliding" light.

The world of our things.

Still life

The artists have always loved to portray something unusual, fantastic, but much more at all times they were worried about the image of the surrounding life.

Portraying her events and her daily current, artists capture face

his era .

The world is beautiful.

(Young artist)

Surrounding things, household items depicted at all times. Each era, every people had their favorite items, their own reasons and causes for their image.

In ancient Egypt, it was drawings denotes having their ritual meaning.

Fragment of wall mural.

Ancient Egypt.

In ancient Greece, ancient Rome has gained great popularity to decorate walls of houses, which covered with paintings and mosaic, achieving great accuracy in the image.

Caravaggio . A bowl of fruit. Italy. XVI in.

The legend has survived about the competition of two famous ancient Greek painters. At first Zevksis won: he so convincingly wrote a grape cluster that the birds tried to slander her berries. But soon he himself was misled by Prensia, when he tried to pull the curtain drawn.

As an independent genre, the still life appeared in Western European art only at the end of the XVI - early XVII century.

Still life turned into a picture on which only things, flowers and fruits are depicted, and there is no image of a person.

Still life with the golden cup

V.- K. Hed.

XVII century

Paul

Cezanne. Still life with drapery. France. XIX century

Although still life - Fixed, "Dead Nature" (this word is translated), it consists of objects that are part of the living surrounding us.

F.P. Tolstoy.

Bouquet of flowers and butterfly.

Russia. XIX century

A.van Beieren. Still life with lobster. Holland.XVII century.

The British are called still life - "quiet life."

The objects collected together may reflect the spiritual world of man.

Still life with attributes of art J.B.Sharden. XVIII century

The things we use, in still life create your own Wednesday, as if transferring to their measurement, they tell about society, about man, about his lifestyle.

Still life "Violin" tells us about the poor, lonely violinist, living in a big city.

Violin. K.S.Petrov-Vodkin. Russia. XX century

B.M.Nensensky

Memory

smolenskaya

earth.

Russia. XX century

Picture B.M.Nensensky "Memory of Smolensk Earth" is still life - monument. She tells how much grief brought people the Great Patriotic War. These are the terrible years of destroying and hunger, which symbolizes the cracked cast iron,

and the ridiculous helmet recalls the millions of those killed during the war years.

Every still life is strictly organized by the artist, and all expressive facilities of the visual language disclose the intended image.

Picture V.F.Tezarova is also a monument. She is about the beauty of the outgoing peasant life. Its embracing language is softer, but also emphasizes the significance of each subject.

V.F.Tasyarov. Linen . Russia. XX century

Not only a combination of simple items can express a variety of and complex feelings, but also a color that is a powerful tool of exposure.

Andre Matisse .

Red fish.

France. XIX B. .

The paintings by Andre Matisse is the embodiment of the joy of being. Its elegance of his color seems fantastic. The artist wrote that a great influence was impressed by Eastern and Old Russian art.

A.Matis.

Red room.

France. XIX century

In the painting R.R.Falka red looks dramatic. Sharp contrasts create an atmosphere of intense conflict conversation .

R.R.falk. Red furniture.

Russia. XX century

The color not only transmits real color, but also transfers the mood - sad or joyful, makes drama or calm, clarity or mystery.

I.P. Commons.

Fall. Thunderstorm over the field.

Russia. XX century

K.S.Petrov-Vodkin.

Morning still life.

Russia. XXV.

MBOO "Novobinsevskaya Secondary General School"

Presentation performed:

primary school teacher Kavilina Nadezhda Vasilyevna

What is still life?

Naturmort (FR. Nature Morte -

"Dead nature") - an image of inanimate objects in visual art, unlike portrait, genre, historical ipyazhny.

Still life is finally drawn up as an independent genre of painting in the work of the Dutch and Flemish artists of the XVII century. Items in the still lifeworm painting of this period often contain hidden allegories - either the frequency of all earthly and the inevitability of death (Vanitas), or - in a broader sense Passions of Christand resurrection. This value

it is transmitted through the use of items - in most cases acquaintances and found in everyday life, which are endowed with an additional symbolic value.

Flower still life

Starting from the 40s of the XVII century, still life in

netherlands painting got widespread as an independent genre. One of

the very first to highlight the flower still life in

works of artists like Ambrosius Boshart Elderand Baltasar van der Ast, I.

still lifes Yana Davids de Hem and his

the followers are already in the second half of the XVII century. Causes of the popularity of flower still life can

find in the features of the Netherlands Society - traditions have gardens, country villas

or indoor plants - as well as favorable natural conditions for the development of flower growing.

Scientist Naturim

Originated in universityLeiden is a "scientist" genre of still life, gets the name of the "bustle of fuss" or "Memento Mori" and is the most intellectual type of still life, requiring the viewer of knowledge of the Bible and the traditions of religious symbolism (characteristic of the paintings Peter Stenweikaand David Bailey). Often in the still lifes of this destination are present. illusionisttakes creating a skillful illusion. In turn, the fascination of the illusionist transmission of nature led to the emergence of a special type of still life - the so-called "sniffs" (Trompe L'œil). Such still-life were especially common in the middle of the XVII century and gained incredible popularity in the country and abroad.

Netherlands Still Life of the XVII century

Netherlands still life was

the unique cultural phenomenon of the XVII century, which has influenced the further development of the entire European

painting. "Small Dutch" reflected in their

works world of objects living with their quiet, frozen life. The term "frozen life"

(Goll. Stilleven, it. Stilleben, English Still-Life) has become

consumed to designate the genre in the middle of XVII

century, at first in the Netherlands. Before that, artists called similar paintings, describing the plot:

"Little breakfast", "Bouquet of flowers", "Hunting trophy", "buses fuss." The main translation of the specified

the term found in the literature is "quiet, fixed life."

Still life in Russian painting18-20 centuries

Still life as an independent genre of painting appeared in Russia at the beginning of the XVIII century. The idea of \u200b\u200bit was originally connected with the image of the gifts of the Earth and the sea, the diverse world of things surrounding the person.

Up until the end of the 19th century, still life, unlike the portrait and historical picture, was considered as a "lower" genre. He existed mainly as a training staging and allowed only in a limited sense as painting flowers and fruits.

The beginning of the twentieth century was marked by the flourishing of Russian still lifework painting, first acquired equality among other genres. The desire of artists to expand the possibilities of the visual language was accompanied by active searches in the field of color, shape, composition. All this was especially clearly manifested in still life. Enriched with new topics, images and artistic techniques, Russian still life developed unusually rapidly: for one and a half decades, he passes the way from impressionism to abstract molding.

In the 30s-40s of the twentieth century, this development has been suspended, but from the mid-50s, still life is experiencing a new lift in Soviet painting and from this time it is finally and firmly risen in shorts with other genres.

Presentation on the topic of the "Art of Still Life" on Fine Arts in PowerPoint format. In this presentation, for schoolchildren, it is told about what a still life, as the art of still life developed and about his representatives. Presentation author: primary school teacher, Kavilina Nadezhda Vasilyevna.

Fragments from the presentation

What is still life?

• Still life(Fr. Nature Morte - "Dead Nature") - an image of inanimate objects in visual art, unlike portrait, genre, historical ipyazhny.
• Still life is finally drawn up as an independent genre of painting in the work of the Dutch and Flemish artists of the XVII century. The items in the still lifeworm painting of this period often contain hidden allegories - either the frequency of all the earth and the inevitability of death (Vanitas), or in the broader sense of the Passion of Christ and Resurrection. This value is transmitted through the use of items - in most cases familiar and found in everyday life, which are endowed with an additional symbolic value.

Flower still life

Starting from the 40s of the XVII century, still life in the Netherlands painting was widespread as an independent genre. One of the most firsts, a floral still life was separated in the works of artists such as Ambrosius Boshart Senior and Baltasar Van der Ast, and further continued its development in the luxurious still lifes Yana Davids de Hem and his followers in the second half of the XVII century. The reasons for the popularity of flower still life can be found in the features of the life of the Netherlands Society - traditions have gardens, country villas or room plants - as well as favorable natural conditions for the development of flower growing.

Scientist Naturim

The genre of the "scientist" of the Still Life originated in the university leiden is obtained by the name "Justa vanity" or "Memento Mori" and is the most intelligent type of still life, requiring the viewer of the knowledge of the Bible and the traditions of religious symbolism (the pictures of Peter Stenwean and David Bailey). Often, illusionist techniques that create an artificial illusion of vision are present in the still lifes. In turn, the fascination of the illusionist transmission of nature led to the emergence of a special type of still life - the so-called "sniffs" (Trompe L'œil). Such still-life were especially common in the middle of the XVII century and gained incredible popularity in the country and abroad.

Netherlands Still Life of the XVII century

The Netherlands still life was a unique cultural phenomenon of the XVII century, which influenced the further development of all European painting. "Small Dutch" reflected in their works the world of items living in a quiet, frozen life. The term "frozen life" (Goll. Stilleven, it. Stilleben, English. Still-Life) began to be used to designate the genre in the middle of the XVII century, at first in the Netherlands. Prior to this, the artists called similar paintings, describing the plot: "Little breakfast", "bouquet of flowers", "Hunting trophy", "bustle fuss." The main translation of the specified term found in the literature is "quiet, fixed life."

Still life in Russian painting 18-20 centuries

• Still life as an independent genre of painting appeared in Russia at the beginning of the XVIII century. The idea of \u200b\u200bit was originally connected with the image of the gifts of the Earth and the sea, the diverse world of things surrounding the person. Up until the end of the 19th century, still life, unlike the portrait and historical picture, was considered as a "lower" genre. He existed mainly as a training staging and allowed only in a limited sense as painting flowers and fruits.
• The beginning of the twentieth century was marked by the flourishing of Russian still lifework painting, first acquired equality among other genres. The desire of artists to expand the possibilities of the visual language was accompanied by active searches in the field of color, shape, composition. All this was especially clearly manifested in still life. Enriched with new topics, images and artistic techniques, Russian still life developed unusually rapidly: for one and a half decades, he passes the way from impressionism to abstract molding.
• In the 30s-40s of the twentieth century, this development has been suspended, but from the mid-50s, still life is experiencing a new lift in Soviet painting and from this time it is finally and firmly risen in shorts with other genres.