PEITIVE CADEE OF THE GREAT in German. Genitiv PEITIVE PADEW IN GERMAN LANGUAGE

All German prepositions are used with a certain case. learn german prepositions with translation, their use, as well as freely apply them in practice, you will need a lot of time. But this is not a trouble, over time, the prepositions will fall in your head, most importantly, use more often various expressions and verbs with them in your speech ....

In German, there are prepositions that are used only in the case of Akkusativ or German prepositions used only in Dativ. And also, in German there are pretexts that require both cases, both Akkusativ and Dativ (In this case, you need to navigate on the issue). Well, do not forget about Genitiv.

P.S. The declination of article articles can

And today in my article we Consider German prepositions with the transformation and examples\u003d) Let's go!

Prepositions used only in Akkusativ:

• bIS (before ...): Der Zug Fährt Bis Köln. - The train rides to Cologne.
• dURCH (through / through) : Sie Fahren Durch Die Türkei. - They go through Turkey.
• entlang (along / for): Wir Fahren Die Küste Entlang. We go along the coast.
• für (for / for something): Er Braucht Das Geld Für Seine Miete. He needs money to pay for rent.
• gegen (counter / c): DAS AUTO FUHR GEGEN EINEN BAUM - The car drove into a tree.
• ohne (without): Ohne Brille Kann Ich Nichts Sehen. I can't see anything without glasses.
• um (about / around / in (- time)) : WIR SIND UM DIE KIRCHE (HERUM) Gegangen. We went around the church. Die BESPRECHUNG BEGINNT UM 13.00 UHR. The meeting begins at 13.00 h.
• wIDER (contrary to / mind): Wider Das Recht. Against the law | against the right. Wider Die Natur. Against nature

Prepositions used only in Dativ:

• aB (from / s - indicates time) / starting with ..): AB Nächster Woche Habe Ich Urlaub. Since the next week I have a vacation.
• aUS (from) : Ich Komme Aus der Türkei. I am from Turkey.
• außer (excluding / except / out of something): ICH HABE AUßER EINER SCHEIBE BROT NICHTS GEGESSEN. In addition to a slice / piece of bread, I did not eat anything.
• bei (1. What is the location where - l / s. - y / with / near. 2. Indicates a state - for / during something) - (Bei Dem \u003d Beim): Ich Wohne Bei Meinen Eltern . I live with my parents. | Er Sieht Beim Essen Fern. He is watching TV while eating / for meal.
• entgegen (contrary): Entgehen Den Erwartungen Verlor Der Boxer Den Kampf. Contrary to expectations, the boxer lost battle.
• gEGENÜBER (on the contrary): Das Cafe Befindet Sich Gegenüber Dem Theater. The cafe is located opposite the theater.
• mit ("C"; and also indicates a means of performing an action): Ich Fahre Mit Dem Auto. I'm driving a car. | Ich Gehe Mit Meiner Schwester Ins Kino. I go with my sister in the movies.
• nach (after): NACH DEM ESSEN GEHE ICH INS BETT. After eating, I go to sleep.
• seit (points to point in time - from some moment starting from ..): Seit Adams Zeiten - since Adam and Eve. | ICH HABE SEIT GESTERN ABEND STARKE KOPFSCHMERZEN. - My head hurts from yesterday.
• von (from - in temporary value; C, from - spatial value; indicates the prenateness) / (VON DEM - VOM): DAS IST DER SCHRIIBTISCH VOM Chef. This is the table of my chef. | Ich Komme Gerade Vom Zahnarzt. I'm only from the doctor.
• zu (used when changing location, targeting target / location; k ..) / (zu dem \u003d zum | zu der \u003d zur): ZUM GLÜCK REGNET ES NICHT. Fortunately, there is no rain (it does not go raining).

Prepositions used in both cases - And in Dativ, and in Akkusativ - are called WechSelpräpositionen. In this case, you should always ask questions:

WO? (Where? Place) / Wann? (when?) \u003d require DATIV case.
WOHIN? (Where? Direction, movement) \u003d Requires akkusativ.

And now to these pretexts:

an (An Dem \u003d Am | An das \u003d ans) - on:
Dativ - Das Bild Hängt An der Wand. (WO? - AN DER WAND). Picture hanging on the wall (where?)
Akkusativ.- ICH HÄNGE DAS BILD AN DIE WAND (WOHIN? - AN DIE WAND). I hang painting on the wall. (where to?)

aUF (AUF DAS \u003d AUFS) - on:
Dativ- Das Buch Liegt Auf Dem Tisch. The book is on the table.
Akkusativ.- Ich Lege Das Buch Auf Den Tisch. I put the book on the table.

hinter - For, behind, from:
Dativ - Der Brief Liegt Hinter Dem Schreibtisch. The letter lies at the table.
Akkusativ.- Der Brief Ist Hinter Den Schreibtisch Gefallen. The letter fell at the table.

in (in dem \u003d im | In das \u003d Ins) - in:
Dativ - ICH WAR IN DER SCHWEIZ. I was in Switzerland.
Akkusativ.- ich Fahre in Die Schweiz. I'm going to Switzerland.

neben - Nearby, near:
Dativ - Der Tisch Steht Neben Dem Bett. The table is standing near the bed.
Akkusativ.- ICH STELLE DEN TISCH NEBEN DAS BETT. I will put the table near the bed.

Über - Over, O, more:
Dativ - Das Bild Hängt über Dem Sofa. Picture hanging over the sofa.
Akkusativ. - Laura Hängt Das Bild Über Das Sofa. Laura hangs the picture above the sofa.

unter - under:
Dativ - Die Katze Sitzt Unter Dem Stuhl. The cat sits under the chair.
Akkusativ. - Die Katze Kriecht Unter Den Stuhl. The cat climbed under the chair.

vOR (VOR DEM \u003d VORM) - Before:
Dativ -Die Taxis Stehen VORM Bahnhof. Taxi stand in front of the railway station.
Akkusativ.- Die Taxis Fahren DIREKT VOR DIE TÜR. Taxis drive up straight to the door.

zWISCHEN - Between:
Dativ -Das Foto IST ZWISChen Den Büchern. Photo stands between books.
Akkusativ.- HAST DU DAS FOTO ZWISCHEN DIE BÜCHERN GESTECKT? - Did you put a photo between books?

Prepositions with the case of Genitiv:

• außerhalb (outside / for / outside / outside): Außerhalb Der Stadt Gibt Es Viel Wald. Over the city there is a big forest.
• innerhalb (within / inside / within / within): Bitte Bezahlen Sie Die Rechnung Innerhalb Einer Woche. Please pay an account within a week. Der Hund Kann Sich Innerhalb Der Wohnung Befinden. The dog can be in the apartment.
• lAUT (in accordance with ... / according to what-l / software /): Laut Einer Studie Sind Nur 50% Der Deutschen Glücklich. According to the study, only 50% of Germans are happy.
• mithilfe (with / with assistance): Mithilfe Eines Freundes Gelang Ihm Die Flucht. Thanks to the help of friends, he managed to escape.
• statt (instead of something): STATT EINES BLUMENSTRAUSSESS VERSCHENKTE ER EIN ALTES BUCH. Instead of a bouquet of flowers, he gave an old book.
• tROTZ (despite / contrary): Trotz Einer Schlechten Leistung Bestand Er Die Prüfung. Despite his bad performance, he passed the exam.
• während (throughout anything / during the time of anything / in the process): Während Seines Studiums Lernte ErnTe Ernglisch. During his studies at the institute, he learned English.
• wEGEN (due to / due to): WEGEN EINES UNGLÜCKS Hatte Der Zug Verspätung. The train is Opazdal because of the accident.
  IMPORTANT : with personal pronouns pretext wegen. will be used with case Dativ: WEGEN DIR | MIR (+ Dativ) -WEGEN DIR HABE ICH DREI KILO ZUGENOMMEN. Because of you I scored 3 kg.

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Prepositions with a genitive case (Genitiv):

ER KOMMT (AN) STATT seines bruders. - He comes instead of his brother.
Wir Spielen Trotz. des wetters. - We play (or will play) despite the weather.
Ich Arbeite Während. Der Woche. - I work during the week.
Das War Während. des krieges. - It was during the war.
Sie FEHLT WEGEN. Der Krankheit (WEGEN DER PROBLEME). - It is absent due to illness (due to problems).

Prepositions with Genitiv express any attitude (causal, temporary, spatial, seeding ...). It is not for nothing that the genitive case is used.

Many prepositions with Genitiv are characteristic only for a stationery or legal language, they make no sense to memorize a list, and better - "in order of arrival", just like new words.

Some of them expresses spatio-temporal relations:

außerhalb. Der Stadt - outside the city, outside the city;
innerhalb Des Hauses, Innerhalb Eines Jahres - within the house, during the year;
oberhalb. Der Stadt - above the city, above the city;
unterhalb. Des Bergdorfs - under the mountain village, below the mountain village;

diesseits. DES Flusses - on this side of the river;
jenseits. des gebirges - on the other side of the mountains;
abseits. Der Ausgetretenen Pfade - aside from Estiments (Protane) trail;
beiderseits. Der Grenze - on both sides of the border;
längs (\u003d Längsseits ) Der AutoBahn - along (for) highway;

unweit. Des instituts - not far from the institute;
inmitten. Dieser Unordnung - in the midst of this disorder;
binnen (\u003d Innerhalb ) Einer Woche - during (within) the week, in a week;
zeit. Seines Lebens - during the whole) of his life.

Another part of the prepositions with Genitiv indicates the source, the cause (+ despite the cause), as well as to the means and the goal (performed). Reason (Start) - Means (middle) - target (end):

laut. DES GETZES - according to this law;
aufgrund. Der Zeugenaussagen - on the basis of testimony;
kraft (\u003d Aufgrun d) Seines Amtes Handeln - act on the ground, according to the position being held;
der Bequemlichkeit Halber - for the sake of convenience;
angeSichts. DER HOHEN ZAHL AN ARBEITSLOSEN - due to the high number of unemployed;
infolge. DES STARKEN REGENS - due to heavy rain;
zufolge. Der Nachrichten - according to news, as mentioned in the news;
zugunsten. seines schwiegersohnes - in favor of your son-in-law;
anlässlich Des Feiertages - about (on the occasion) of the holiday;
ungeachtet. der Zwischenrufe (\u003d der zwischenrufe ungeachtet ...) - despite (despite) on shouts;
anStelle (\u003d An Stelle ) Des Meisters - instead of a wizard;
anhand (\u003d An Hand ) DES VORLIEGENEN TATBESTANDS - based on the existing actual material in the case (the composition of crime);
mit Hilfe. Eines Fachmanns - with the help of a specialist;
mittels. Eines Gefälschten Dokuments - by means of a detached document;
vermöge. seines ausgezeichnen gedächtnisses - thanks to (by virtue) of its excellent memory;

um ... Willen: Um Des Lieben Friedens Willen GAB ER Schließlich Nach. - for the sake of the nice world (i.e., in order not to spoil the relationship), he eventually gave way;

zwecks. (Usually without article): Eine Maßnahmezwecks. Größerer Sicherheit - event with a view to greater security;

hinsichtlich Der Qualität UNSERER PRODUKTE - in terms of the quality of our goods.

If the nouns do not have an adjective or articles and he has nothing to express a genitive case, then after most of these prepositions, the pretext may still standvon (+ Dativ):

mIT HILFE VON WERKZEUGEN - Using tools;
anhand Von Fingerabdrücken - with the help of fingerprint;
anStelle Von Bäumen - instead of trees.

But some pretexts cannot be combined with von (mainly it concerns Laut and Mangels). If they have a noun without an article or adjective, then in the singular it does not receive a case ending, does not change:laut Gesetz. - By law (not Geretzes!),mangels interese - due to lack of interest (not interesses!); And in the multiple number instead of Genitiv uses Dativ. Compare:

innerhalb der Nächten Monate - over the coming months
innerhalb fünf monaten - within five months;

binnen Weniger AugenBlicke - for several (few) moments,
binnen Drei Jahren - for three years;

tROTZ FEHLENDER BEWEISE - despite the missing evidence,
trotz Beweisen - despite the evidence;

mangels Finanzieller Unterstützung - due to lack of financial support,
jemanden Mangels Beweisen Freisprechen - someone to justify due to the lack of evidence.

Dativ is also used to avoid two parents in a row. Compare:

während Seines Vortrags - during his report,
während Herrn Meiers Langem Vortrag - during the long report of Mr. Mayer;

wEGEN DES DICHTEN NEBELS - Because of the thick fog,
wegen Lisas Schlechtem Gesundheitszustand - due to poor health of Lisa.

After Während, Statt, Wen In the colloquial language, it is quite often possible to hear Dativ, but this is not a very good German. Concerningtrotz. , here, from the point of view of the literary language, both Genitiv and Dativ (Trotz< - trotzen - противиться чему?), который, однако, употребляется редко:

trotz Des Schlechten Wetters \u003d Trotz Dem Schlechten Wetter - despite bad weather.

Genitiv and Dativ are equally possible, also after DANK prepositions (thanks) and Laut (according to):

dank Seinem Fleiß - Thanks to its (his) adjacent,
dANK Ihres Eingreifens - Thanks to your intervention;

laut (DEM) FAHRPLAN - according to (this) schedule,
laut Dieses Geretzes - according to this law.

Some pretexts, as you have already seen, can be turned into distilies, that is, stand after the nouns, to which they belong:

nach. MEINER MEINUNG \u003d MEINER MEINUNGnach. - in my opinion,
wEGEN DES KINDES \u003d DES KINDES WEGEN - Because of the child,
gegenüber. SEINEM FREUND \u003d SEINEM FREUNDgegenüber. - in relation to your friend,

eNTSPRECHEND / ENTGEN DEN VORSCHRIFTEN \u003d DEN VORSCHRIFTEN ENTSPRECHEND / ENTGEGEN - according to, respectively / contrary to the prescriptions ...

In some cases, this changes the case:

zufolge. Der Nachrichten (Genitiv) \u003d Den Nachrichtenzufolge. (DATIV) - according to (as follows from) news, reports, Back

Genitiv is a genitive case in German - is one of the four cases of the German Padden System. The words, in particular, the nouns, which are used in the parental case, can perform in a proposal in the role of definitions (when used without an excuse), indirect additions and various circumstances (when used with pretexts) and meet the most common thing for someone? - Wessen? Questions can be different, depending on which member of the proposal is this (when? - Wann? Etc.). For example:

Sie Hat Das Arbeitsheft ihrer.Schulfreundin(G.) Zufällig Mitgenommen. - She accidentally grabbed his school girlfriend with him a workbook (whose definition).

Heute Gingen Wir Vorsichtshalber dES.anderen.Weges.(G.). - Today, for the purpose of precaution, we went to another way (how, how? - the circumstance of the image of action, Genitiv in absolute, independent use)

Diese Gebäckfüllung Haben Wir dank.heutigenKuchen.(G.) Erfunden. - We invented this stuffing thanks to today's cakes (how? - the circumstance of the image of action).

Cade in German

As in cases with other cases, in German, there are certain pretexts that require after the mandatory use of Genitiv. These include such pretexts as instead, in return - (aN.) statt.; Despite, contrary to, despite - trotz., ungeachtet.; due to, due to the sake of, thanks to wegen. (may stand before or after nouns); During, about, on the occasion - aN.l.ä sslich; During, in the process, during - w.ä hrend.; Along, in the longitudinal direction - l.ä ngs.; Nearby, not far from - unweit.; outside, out - ausserhalb.; for disadvantage - mangels.; through - mittels.; over - oberhalb.; under - unterhalb.; from the side - seitens.;because of - aufgrand.; as a result - infolge.; with the aim of - zwecks.; In place, instead - anstelle; relatively in relation to - hinsichtlich; during - innerhalb.; in the middle - inmitten.other. In general, prepositions with genitive management in German very much, much more than any other. However, the frequency of their use in speech is small, they are often replaced by the management of a denational case.

Genitiv - PEITIVE case in German: Prepositions managers only by the Parental case

Pretext	Example
(AN) Statt	Warum Hast Du. statt. Lehrbücher (G.) Neue Spiele Gekauft? - Why did you buy new games instead of textbooks?
wegen.	Wegen. DES STARKEN WINDES (G.) Konnten Die Urlauber Nicht Baden. - Due to the strong wind, the holiday users could not swim.
anlässlich	Anlässlich. Des Besuches (G.) Der Werksleitung Wurde Ein Imbiss Organisiert. - A buffet was organized about the visit of the factory authority.
während.	Während. Der Alpenreise (G.) Haben Wir Viele Kleine Städte Und Dörfer Beesucht. - During the trip to the Alps we visited many small cities and villages.
längs.	Die Kinder Haben Entschieden, längs. DES KLEINEN FLUSSES (G.) ZU LAUFEN. - The children decided to run along the little river.
unweit.	Unweit. Unserer Hochschule (G.) Hat Man Eine Grosse Bibliothek Gebaut. - Not far from our university built a big library.
ausserhalb.	Ausserhalb. Unserer Stadt (G.) Gibt Es Eine Menge Skikurorte. - Outside of our city there are a large number of ski resorts.
mangels.	Mangels. AnhaLtspunkte (G.) Konnte Eine Beschuldigung Nicht Erhoben Werden. - For lack of evidence, the prosecution was presented to be.
mittels.	Mittels. SEINER AUFGESCHLOSSENHEIT (G.) Hat Er Viele Interessante Sachen Erfahren. - Thanks to his sociability, he learned a lot of interesting things.
oberhalb.	Oberhalb. Des Berges (G.) Konnte Man Einen Schönen RegenBogen Beobachten. - Above the Mountain could watch a beautiful rainbow.
unterhalb.	Unterhalb. DES BERGES (G.) Befindet Sich Ein Kleines Dorf. - At the foot of the mountain is a small village.
aufgrand.	Aufgrand.uNSERER UNTSUCHUNGEN (G.) WURDE EIN Neuer Stern Entdeckt. - On the basis of our research, a new star was opened.
infolge.	Infolge.einer Falschen Behandlung (G.) War Er Gezwungen, Im Krankenhaus Zu Bleiben. - As a result of improper treatment, he was forced to stay in the hospital.
zwecks.	Zwecks. GeSundheitskräftigung (G.) Muste Er Vitamine Einnehmen. In order to strengthen health, he had to drink vitamins.
anstelle	Anstelledeiner Nichte (G.) Würde Ich Nach PORTUGAL FAHREN. - At the place of your niece, I would go to Portugal.
hinsichtlich	Hinsichtlichdeiner Entscheidung (G.) Kann Ich Sagen, Dass Sie Mich Überhaupt Nicht Fasziniert. - In relation to your decision, I can say that it does not impress me at all.
ungeachtet.	Ungeachtet.der Sorgfältigen Vorbereitung (G.) Haben Sie Nicht Alles Vorgesehen. - Despite thorough preparation, they have not provided for all.
innerhalb.	Innerhalb.eines Monats (G.) MUSS ICH ZWEI ZIMMER TAPEZIEREN. - For a month, I have to wake two rooms with wallpaper.
înmitten.	Inmitten.unseres Flusses (G.) Gibt Es Eine Ganz Kleine Insel. - The first of our river there is one very small island.

Some German prepositions have double control and genitive, and under consideration. At the same time, the duty case in German will answer the question where? - WO?, And the genital - to the question of whose? - Wessen?; That is, a denuing case of a German language means the immediate location of the subject or face anywhere. Parental case indicates most often on belonging.

If, with nouns, there are no articles, pronoun, or adjectives, and they are not able to express a genitive case as a result, after the overwhelming number of the above pretexts, an additional VON preposition can be used, which automatically translates control with Genitiv on Dativ. Those pretexts that cannot be combined with VON (for example, according to Laut), in the singular will be used without adding the incidence of Genitiv, and in the multiple genitiv will be replaced with DATIV. For example:

• AnStelle Von. Blumen Pflanzen Wir in Diesem Jahr Erdbeeren. - At the place of colors, we will put strawberries this year.
• Laut Verordnung, Gesetz, Vertrag / Laut Verordnungen, Gesetzen, Verträgen- According to Order, Law, Contract (G.) / according to orders, laws, contracts (D.) .

Genitiv - PEITIVE case in German: examples of double-controlled predictions (Dativ - Genitiv)

Pretext	Example
dank.	Dank. Meinen Zahlreichen Freunden (D.) / Meiner Zahlreichen Freunde (G.) Habe Ich Sämtliche Hindernisse Schnell Überwunden. - Thanks to my numerous friends, I quickly overcame all the difficulties (here was used by a duty case).
gemäss.	Gemäss. DEM VERTRAG (D.) / Des Vertrages (G.) Schicken Wir Unsere Fachleute Nach England. - In accordance with the contract, we will send their specialists to England (a duty case is used here).
laut.	Laut.dEM ABKOMMENS (D.) / Des ABKOMMENS (G.) Wird Er Zum Vorstandsvorsitzenden Ernannt.- According to the Agreement (agreement), he is appointed by the Chairman of the Board.
trotz.		Trotz. Den Günstigen Preisen (D.) / Der Günstigen Preise (G.) Haben Wir Nichts Gekauft. - Despite the favorable prices, we did not buy anything.

When studying cases (PAD.) In German, parents often do not pay due attention, because in modern spoken language it is used quite rarely, it is very common to replace the underlying pad. "What did the Bastian Zek book in his book (Bastian Sick. Der Dativ IST Dem Genitiv Sein Tod). At the same time, it would be a big mistake not to study him at all, referring to the opportunity to replace it with structures with a dutient pad. Since in writing speech it is consumed quite actively, and even if you strive to speak correctly, on a literary language, it is necessary to know it.

Since in German, cases are expressed by articles, we recall their forms in the parent pad.

Uncertain Articles:

	m.R.	j.R.	sR.R.
Nominativ.	eIN.	eine.	eIN.
Genitiv	eines.	einer.	eines.

Certain articles:

	m.R.	j.R.	sR.R.	mN.ch.
Nominativ.	dER	dIE	dAS.	dIE
Genitiv	dES.	dER	dES.	dER

The most common use of the genitive pad. In German, as in Russian, - in the designs of the noun (noun) + noun (usually with the value of the accessories): Das Auto MEINES Mannes (Machine Machine), Der Mann Meiner Touchter (my daughter's husband), Die Kleider Des Kindes (Child clothes), Das Haus Meiner Eltern (My Parents' House). Such land. answer the question of whose? whose? whose? whose? (Wessen?). In the conversational everyday speech, they can be replaced by the designs of Von + Dativ: Das Auto von Meinem Mann, Der Mann Von Meiner Touchter, etc. Especially often it can be heard in the south of Germany.

Strictly speaking, not always the phrase of the ex. + SUT. Indicate belonging, they can have other meaning: Die Arbeit der Lehrerin (teacher's work), Hilfe des Ältene Bruders (Senior Brother's Help) - Source Action, Die Untersuchung Des Patienten (Patient Examination), Die Renovierung Der Wohnung - Object of action, Der Wagon Zweiter Klasse (second-class wagon), Speisen der Besten Qualität (top quality kitchen) - property, quality of item, etc. The most important thing is to remember that the second essence. It is usually in the parent pad.

ATTENTION! Despite the fact that the designs of the land. + SUT. In Russian and German languages \u200b\u200bare used according to the general principle, there are some differences. So, we say a glass of wine (what? - R.P.), tea cup (R.P), liter of beer (R.P.). The Germans are used in such cases 2 nominative pad.: Ein Glas Wein, Eine Tasse Tee, Ein Liter Bier.

Using Genitiv (genitive pad.) In German, you need to be very attentive when forming a shape of a male and medium kind: they usually acquire the end of -S (-ES), as you could have noticed on the examples above: Geburtstag MEINES VATER s.(My father's birthday), Das Handy Ihres Freunde s.(Mobile phone of her friend), Das Zimmer Ihres Kinde s.(Room of their child), Die Puppe des Mädchen s.(Girl doll).

The end of -es joins:

• single Summary: Das Kind - Des Kindes, Das Bild - Des Bildes, Der Sohn - Des Sohnes, Der Tag - Des Tages, etc.
• sUT., ENGLISHING ON SS, - ß, - TZ, - X and Z: Der Bus- des Buses, Der Fluss - Des Flusses, Der Arzt - Des Arztes, Der Komplex - Des Komplexes, Der Platz - Des Platzes. ATTENTION! At the land. With the end of -Nis, doubling S: Das Ergebnis - Des Ergebnisses, Das Verständnis - Des Verständnisses, Das Zeugnis - Des Zeugnisses, etc.
• sUD With an emphasis on the last syllable: der erfolg -des erfolges, etc.

In other cases, it is used, as a rule, the end of -S, but do not forget about the weak decline of nouns (N-deklination) - the nouns of this decline acquire the end of -en (as in all other pad.): Der Mensch - Des Menschen, Der Russe - Des Russen, Der Hase - Des Hasen, etc.

Own names also acquire the end of -S, regardless of the kind, but noun in the parent pad. preceded noun in the nominal:

Das Ist Manuelas Fahrrad. - This is a bike Manuel.

PETERS AUTO IST KAPUTT. - Peter car broke.

Ich Habe Fraureiners Pass Gefunden. - I found a passport Frau Rainer.

If your own ends on s, - tz, - x or z, then in the letter a genitive pad. denotes apostrophe:

Max 'Heft Liegt Auf Dem Tisch. - Notebook Max lies on the table.

Hans' Mutter Kommt Nächste Woche. - Hans's mother will come next week.

Fritz 'Kinder Spielen Mit Meinen Zusammen. - Fit children play with my.

There is also an outdated FRITZENS form, Hansens, but it is a lotly consuming. In verbal speech, the use of such revolutions is undesirable, it is more expedient to replace their designs with the pretext of Von + Dativ: Das Heft Von Max, Die Mutter Von Hans, Die Kinder Von Fritz ...

In addition, this form is preferable when using a plural number of nouns. Since in the multiple number, the word itself does not acquire any ending, then the case value is expressed only by article. When using nouns with a certain article, there are no problems with: Die Sachen der Kinder (things (these) children), Die Kleider Der Frauen (women's dresses), Die Werke Der Kü Nstler (works (these) artists). But such phrases are correct and possible when it comes to specific children, women and artists. If we say at all, without meaning specific people or items, we cannot use a certain article; In such cases, no help also comes with a dating pad. With the pretext of VON: Sachen Von Kindern, Kleider Von Frauen, Werke Von Künstlern .

If, with the Word, the adjective or pronoun is, they express a genitive pad. With its endings: Sachen Kleiner Kinder (things of small children), Die Kleider Junger Frauen (Dresses of Young Women), Die Werke Berühmterkünstler (works of famous artists).

Genitiv (genitive case) in German is used not only in the phrases described above, there are a number of verbs and adjectives that require this case.

For example, Bedürfen verbs (need, demand), Harren (wait with impatience), Gedenken (remember, remember), Bezichtigen (blame), Beschuldigen (blame), Verweisen (send, cast out), Würdigen (pay), Sich Rühmen (boast), Sich Erfreuen (Easily enjoy), Sich Befleigen (try), Sich Bedienen (use), Sich Erbarmen (compress), Sich Schämen, Sich Annehmen (take care Care), Sich Versichern (secure yourself, enlist) require an object in the parent pad.

Er Rühmt Sich Seines Sieges Im Boxkampf. - He boasts his victory in the boxing match.

LEIDER ERFREUE ICH MICH KEINER BESTEN GESUNDHEIT. - Unfortunately, I do not have good health.

ICH MUSS MICH ERST SEINER HILFE VERSICHERN. - I need to first enlist his support.

Der Berühmte Russia SCHRIFTSteller A. Solschenizyn Wurde der USSr Verwiesen. - The famous Russian writer A. Solzhenitsyn was expelled from the USSR.

Some adjectives are also used with an object in the parent pad., For example: unkundig (not knowledgeable, not in a knowledgeable), Verdächtig (suspected, suspected), BewUSST (aware of the reporting) Mächtig (own), (UN) WürDig ((not ) decent), Überdrüssig (batch).

Er IST des Lebens Ganz Unkundig. - He does not know life at all.

Fast Jeder Schüler IST Der Schule Zum Schulabschluss Total Überdrüssig. - Almost every schoolchildren anniversary of school to her end.

Er War Der Börsenmachenschaften Verdächtig, Seine Schuld Aber Wurde Nicht Bewiesen. - He was suspected of stock fraud, but did not prove the guilt.

However, the above verbs and adjectives speak with the genitive pad. In writing speech, usually high (raised or solemn) style and are considered obsolete forms. In everyday speech, they can be used with various pretexts (the meaning of them does not change).

Considering Genitiv (Page Pad.) In German, it is necessary to stay on a whole group of prepositions that also require a benefit-air case. This group is very numerous: abseits (aside from), Anhand (with help), AngeSichts (in view), Anlässlich (on occasion), anStatt (instead, instead), Antelle (instead), aufgrund (due to, Due to), Außerhalb (out, for), Binnen (for, over), Diesseits (on this side), Gemäß (according to, in accordance), Halber (for, for, in view), Hinsichtlich (in relation to relatively ), infolge (due to), inmitten (in the middle), innerhalb (inside, c), jenseits (on the other side), kraft (in force, on the basis), Längs (along), Laut (software, according to), Mangels (for lack of disadvantage), Mittels (by means), Oberhalb (above, above), STATT (instead, instead), Trotz (despite), Um ... Willen (for the sake of name), UngeachTet (despite), Unterhalb (under, below), Unweit (near), Vermittels (through, way), Während (during), WEGEN (because of), Zeit (over), Zwecks (with a view to To) and some others.

AufGrund Seines Nachgewiesenen Alibis Wurde der Verdächtige Freigesprochen. - Because of the proven Alibi, the suspect was released.

UngeachTet Vieler Streike Hat Die Unternehmensleitung Über 100 ARBEITNEHMER ENTLASSEN. - Despite many strikes, the enterprise management fired more than 100 employees.

Der Chef Hielt Lange Feierliche Rede Anlässlich Des Jubiläums Unserer Firma. - The chef held a long solemn speech about the anniversary of our company.

Statt Des Straftäters Hat Die Polizei Das Opfer Festgenommen. - Instead of the criminal, the police detained the victim.

All complexity in the use of many prepositions from this list (for example, Wegen, Gemäß, Laut, Infolge, Mittels, Binnen, Trotz) is that there is allowed to use them with a duty case. But the strict standards of the literary language require a major Pad., Therefore, if you want to express correctly, to master Genitiv still have. BUT! There is one more feature: when using these prepositions with noucent without article or adjective (or pronoun) in the plural (i.e., when there is no clear marker of the genitive pad.) The denitiments of the literary language are recommended to use a duty pad. (In such structures, a VON preposition may appear):

MANGELS DER ÜBERZEUGENDEN BEWEISE (G.) MUSSTE DIE POLIZEI DAS VERFAHREN GEGEN IHN EINSTELLEN. - for the lack of convincing evidence of the police had to stop investigating against him.

MANGELS BEWEISEN (D.) MUSSTE DIE POLIZEI DAS VERFAHREN GEGEN IHN EINSTELLEN. - For lack of evidence of the police, it was necessary to stop investigating against him.

AngeSichts der Neuen Tatsachen Forderte der Anwalt Eine Weitere Ermittlung. - In view of the new circumstances, the lawyer requested an additional investigation.

AngeSichts von 2 Millionen Arbeitslosen Muste Sich Die Regierung Um Neue Arbeitsplätze Kümmern. - in view of 2 million unemployed, the government had to take care of new workplaces.

Such examples can be found a lot, so using these prepositions, do not be lazy once again to look into the dictionary to make sure whether you have built the proposal.