Attach the transiver. Scheme, description

Buvayut fluctuations, if the transceiver goes out of tune through the wrong connection to the lifeline or the wrong voltage increase. Defend the equipment at the vipads in addition to proponing attachments.

Statistics of repairs of primary equipment show that up to 30% of accidents are caused by eating. Prior to typical emergency situations, there is a change in the voltage of life (overvoltage) and an under-trial of polarity (polarity reversal). The deyakі koristuvachі manage to seem to be mysteriously incomprehensible way of creating a combination of these situations. It was especially brazen that the strife of the radio station grew sharply, as if atypical (including self-conscious) zastosovuetsya zapobіzhnik that zherelo zhivlennya with an unrealistically large supply of struma.

In such situations, the transceiver's internal suspense appears to be ineffective and the consequences of accidents become more serious, and sometimes even catastrophic. Inevitably, mass production of expensive and scarce components will make the renovation of the "killed" transiver unprofitable. In case of accidents, various electrical devices are used in front of us - diodes, transistors, integrated microcircuits. The stench can change the characteristics, stasis chi shaved transitions, thermomechanical ruination of the body. Resistors, motors, lamps, lamps should go out of tune. You can swell or vibrate oxide capacitors, bend or bend other conductors, scald boards, deform parts made of thermoplastics. All collection of videos is taken from practice.

Accident situations are blamed for such conditions: nevmila di koristuvacha, vipadkovy pardon or lack of skill of a trained operator, mischief for a third-party special, technical inadequacy of the power supply system. Unfortunately, due to such risks, the owner of the radio station is not insured. This is why the idea of ​​rozrobiti attachments for the superficial protection of the transiver in case of emergency was blamed.

Attached blocking the supply of life to the radio station when there is an abnormal voltage in the interval -50 to +50 V. It may have more power, for example, does not create a voltage drop in the life of the transceiver, and also does not affect the fin lock of the obov'yazkovy What is the cost of swidkodії zakhistu, it will not be faster than 2 ms and lie down due to the nature of the emergency situation.

The scheme for attaching a zakhist is shown in fig. one.

If there is a voltage of positive polarity at the input, equal to less than 10 VD1R1K1VT1, a strum flows, which is insufficient for the operation of relay K1. When the input voltage is 10...15 the relay activates and supplies power to the transceiver.

If in the process of work the voltage is changed to 15, then the zener diode VD2 is more likely to conduct a strum, which is the thyristor VS1. The voltage at the anode of the thyristor is lower, the transistor VT1 closes and the winding of the relay K1 streaks. The switches are not shunted by anything, the relay contacts will be released in a minimum hour (actually 0.5 ... 2 ms). As a result, the transceiver will be connected to the boosted voltage socket. Stabilitron VD3, zastosuvannya not obov'yazkovo, zrіzaє short vykid, posable for the arc of the great swidkost nagruzhnya naruga.

In case of emergency, as if there is an emergency high voltage at the input, I will attach a stringcomm to the zero level, it won’t be spent on the transiver, so the electronic “jump” VD2VS1VT1 reacts to the order of magnitude, lower the relay K1. In times of polarity reversal, the voltage of negative polarity is also not suitable for the transiver, the relay chips do not work with the VD1 diode, which will close the reverse voltage.

After an emergency response, the turn-off turn will be closed by a short-hour cut-off of the input voltage.

Bulo prepared two options for a constructive building. For the first one, I will install the parts in the middle of the K1 relay case, like a KUTs-1 relay (passport RA.362.900) for the color televisions of the domestic production. Vono may opir winding 560 Ohm and spratsovuє at a pressure close to 5 Art. Outbuilding dimensions (45x45x15mm) allow you to place it in the middle of the transceiver or on the roof.

An even more convenient and another option is for a plastic cylindrical container for photothermal heating. The container has a diameter of 30 and a length of 50 mm. Ready virib is poured with epoxy compound and installed at the opening of the transiver's live cord (similar to the filter for pulse transitions). Here there is a more compact relay RES47 (passport RF4.500.409) with a winding support of 175 Ohm. With this, the resistor R1 is guilty of mother opir 110 ohms. There should also be other relays that work at a pressure of 5 ... 6 and the building switch the jet at least 3 A (for example, relays of the TRC series by TTI).

Transistor VT1 can be replaced by strum switches of the KR1014, KR1064 series with indices A, or their analogues ZVN2120, VN2410. The replacement of the VD1 diode should be any other with a direct strum not less than 0.3 A and a return voltage of not less than 400, for example, KD209A. Stabilitron VD2 can be replaced by D814 or KS515A. Thyristor VS1 can be with indexes E-I, moreover, it is important to select specimens, selected for maximum sensitivity.

I’ll fix the adjustment with the selection of the resistor R1, increasing the activation of the relay when the voltage at the input is 9.5 ... then the voltage supply can be changed by selecting a zener diode VD2.

The author of testing the C-B transceiver ALAN-78 PLUS, equipped with a propeller attachment. The testing procedure simulated a series of the most unsafe emergency situations, and itself, a combination of polarity reversal and overvoltage. In Crimea, the factor of aggravating the accident was introduced - the deputy of the regular guard with a nominal value of 2 A, a jumper was installed on the tow wire. In the minds of great minds, one might say, "swaville" guarantees a great and irreversible destruction of the electronic elements of any transceiver.

At the start of the trial, the device was connected to the strumu dzherel (life blocks PS-30, B5-48, B5-71, transformer OSM-220/36), the parameters were small: -13.8 V (32 A); B (10 A); -16 V (10 A); + 30 V (10 A); -30 (10 A); -36 (50Hz, 5A); +50 (2 A); -50 V (2 A). The supply of a skin test voltage to the transceiver was automatically adjusted for an additional software attachment, which works on the cyclogram shown in the table.

Expansion of the mode of testing allowing simulation of emergency situations of various trivality and, of course, reversing the stability of the attack to transitional processes. If the fact that an anomalous voltage was applied to the transceiver is considered as an emergency situation, then it is not important to cheer up, their total number was 688. With the control supply of the nominal voltage (+13.2), the device turned on and showed the same operation. Such a result testifies to the superiority of the building and allows us to classify it to the category of "defeat from a fool."

It’s easy to fold the attachments, but you can secure the additional protection of the stream of suspension and in the event of an emergency increase in the high-frequency voltage on the collector of the outgoing transmission transistor. Such a move is possible with an unused antenna-feeder path or a damage to the output cascade.

The scheme of this variant is shown in fig. 2.

Zahist strumu (overwhelming and short buzzing) is installed behind the help of the reed switch SF1 with the coil L1, which is folded into a new one. When the struma, which is saved by the transiver, is higher than the set value, the electromagnet field of the coil becomes sufficient for switching the magneto-ceramic contact.

Shards of reed switches are parallel to the zener diode VD2, in case of an emergency connection to the annex, similarly to the situation with overvoltage. Elements VT2, C1, R4, VD4 form a zone of thymic insensitivity up to the kick of the strum, which is at the moment the transceiver is turned on. For the ALAN-78PLUS radio station, the current hour is 22 ms and can be adjusted by selecting the capacitor C1.

For an hour of work with the annex (small 2), it is necessary to turn the transceiver on the back, and then the SA1 toggle switch.

Adjusting the strum wire to 2 ... 3 A is adjusted to the selection of the number of turns of the L1 coil, which is 4-8 turns of the PEL 0.5 (roughly) and moving it along the reed switch (exactly) with distant fixation with hot melt adhesive.

In case of an unused voltage (for example, a shaving in the antenna-feeder path), the RF voltage on the collector of the output transistor increases, which threatens the breakdown of one transition. However, in this case, the zener diode VD5 begins to conduct a stream, which turns on the transistor VT3. The positive voltage of the transistor collector is connected to the electric electrode of the thyristor VS1. Then we will react similarly to other emergency situations.

Resistor R7 is chosen in such a way that the transiver vimikavsya for an hour of work and transmitting to an antenna equivalent of 150 ohms, which indicates SWR-3.

The emitter transition of the transistor VT2 (div. Fig. 2) must be shunted with a support resistor of about 10 kOhm.

There are fluctuations if the transceivers go out of tune through the wrong connection to the lifeline or the wrong voltage increase. Defend the equipment at the vipads in addition to proponing attachments.

Statistics of repairs of primary equipment show that up to 30% of accidents are caused by eating. Prior to typical emergency situations, there is a change in the voltage of life (overvoltage) and an under-trial of polarity (polarity reversal). The deyakі koristuvachі manage to seem to be mysteriously incomprehensible way of creating a combination of these situations. It was especially brazen that the strife of the radio station grew sharply, as if atypical (including self-conscious) zastosovuetsya zapobіzhnik that zherelo zhivlennya with an unrealistically large supply of struma.

In such situations, the transceiver's internal suspense appears to be ineffective and the consequences of accidents become more serious, and sometimes even catastrophic. Inevitably, mass production of expensive and scarce components will make the renovation of the "killed" transiver unprofitable. In case of accidents

Accident situations are blamed for such conditions: nevmila di koristuvacha, vipadkovy pardon or lack of skill of a trained operator, mischief for a third-party special, technical inadequacy of the power supply system. Unfortunately, due to such risks, the owner of the radio station is not insured. This is why the idea of ​​rozrobiti attachments for the superficial protection of the transiver in case of emergency was blamed.

Attached blocking the supply of life to the radio station when there is an abnormal voltage in the interval -50 to +50 V. It may have more power, for example, does not create a voltage drop in the life of the transceiver, and also does not affect the fin lock of the obov'yazkovy What is the cost of swidkodії zakhistu, it will not be faster than 2 ms and lie down due to the nature of the emergency situation.

The scheme for attaching a zakhist is shown in fig. one.

When the voltage of positive polarity is needed at the input, it is equal to less than 10 V of the lance VD1R1K1VT1, a strum flows, which is insufficient for the operation of the K1 relay.

When the input voltage is 10 ... 15V, the relay activates and supplies power to the transceiver.

If the process of robotic work is to overvoltage 15V, then the zener diode VD2 is more likely to conduct a strum, which is the thyristor VS1. The voltage at the anode of the thyristor is lower, the transistor VT1 closes and the winding of the relay K1 streaks.

The switches are not shunted by anything, the relay contacts will be released in a minimum hour (actually 0.5...2 ms). As a result, the transceiver will be connected to the boosted voltage socket.

Stabilitron VD3, zastosuvannya not obov'yazkovo, zrіzaє short vykid, posable for the arc of the great swidkost nagruzhnya naruga.

In case of emergency, as if there is an emergency high voltage at the input, I will attach a stringcomm to the zero level, it won’t be spent on the transiver, so the electronic “jump” VD2VS1VT1 reacts to the order of magnitude, lower the relay K1. In times of polarity reversal, the voltage of negative polarity is also not suitable for the transiver, the relay chips do not work with the VD1 diode, which will close the reverse voltage.

After an emergency response, the turn-off turn will be closed by a short-hour cut-off of the input voltage.

Bulo prepared two options for a constructive building. For the first one, I will install the details in the middle of the K1 relay case, like a vikoristano KUTs-1 relay

(Passport RA.362.900) in the form of color televisions of vicissitudes. Vono may opir winding 560 Ohm and spratsovuє at a pressure close to 5 Art. Outbuilding dimensions (45x45x15mm) allow you to place it in the middle of the transceiver or on the roof.

An even more convenient and smaller option for a plastic cylindrical container for photothermal heating. The container has a diameter of 30 and a length of 50 mm. Ready virib is poured with epoxy compound and installed at the opening of the transiver's live cord (similar to the filter for pulse transitions). Here there is a more compact relay RES47 (passport RF4.500.409) with a winding support of 175 Ohm. With this, the resistor R1 is guilty of mother opir 110 ohms. There should also be other relays that work at a voltage of 5 ... 6V and the building switch the stream at least 3A (for example, relays of the TRC series by TTI).

Transistor VT1 can be replaced by strum switches of the KR1014, KR1064 series with indices A, or their analogues ZVN2120, VN2410. The replacement of the VD1 diode should be any other with a direct strum not less than 0.3A and a return voltage not less than 400, for example, KD209A. Stabilitron VD2 can be replaced by D814 or KS515A. Thyristor VS1 can be with indexes E-I, moreover, it is important to select specimens, selected for maximum sensitivity.

I’ll build a new installation from the selection of the resistor R1. reaching the relay at an input voltage of 9.5 ... 10 V. We will gradually, gradually and smoothly move the voltage, change, so that the relay will let in at 14.5 ... 15 V. If it is necessary, then the voltage of the input can be changed by selecting the zener diode VD2 .

The author of testing the C-B transceiver ALAN-78 PLUS, equipped with a propeller attachment. The testing procedure simulated a series of the most unsafe emergency situations, and itself, a combination of polarity reversal and overvoltage. In the Crimea, the factor of aggravating the accident was introduced - the replacement of the regular fusible protector with a nominal value of 2A, a jumper was installed for the tow drota. In the minds of great minds, one might say, "swaville" guarantees a great and irreversible destruction of the electronic elements of any transceiver.

In the course of testing, the device was connected to the strumu dzherel (life blocks PS-30, B5-48, B5-71, transformer OSM-220/36), the parameters were small: -13.8V (32 A); +16 V (10 A); -16 V (10 A); + 30 V (10 A); -30 (10 A); -36 (50Hz, 5A); +50 (2 A);

The supply of a skin test voltage to the transceiver was automatically adjusted for an additional software attachment, which works on the cyclogram shown in the table.

Expansion of the mode of testing allowing simulation of emergency situations of various trivality and, of course, reversing the stability of the attack to transitional processes.

If the fact that an abnormal voltage is applied to the transceiver is considered as an emergency situation, then it does not matter to take care of what the total amount of money has accumulated 688. Prote

With the control supply of the nominal voltage (+13.2), the device turned on and showed the same operation. Such a result testifies to the superiority of the building and allows us to classify it to the category of "defeat from a fool."

It’s easy to fold the attachments, but you can secure the additional protection of the stream of suspension and in the event of an emergency increase in the high-frequency voltage on the collector of the outgoing transmission transistor. Such a move is possible with an unused antenna-feeder path or a damage to the output cascade.

The scheme of this variant is shown in fig. 2.

Zahist strumu (overwhelming and short buzzing) is installed behind the help of the reed switch SF1 with the coil L1, which is folded into a new one.

When the struma is increased by the transceiver, more than the set value of the electromagnet field of the coil becomes sufficient for closing the magnetically ceramic contact.

Shards of reed switches are parallel to the zener diode VD2, in case of an emergency connection to the annex, similarly to the situation with overvoltage.

Elements VT2: C1. R4, VD4 form a zone of thymic insensitivity to the strum up to the strum, which is caused at the moment the transceiver is turned on.

For the ALAN-78PLUS radio station, the current hour is 22 ms and can be adjusted by selecting the capacitor C1. For an hour of work with the annex (small 2), it is necessary to turn the transceiver on the back, and then the SA1 toggle switch.

Tuning the strum zakhist to rіven 2

In case of an unused voltage (for example, a shaving in the antenna-feeder path), the RF voltage on the collector of the output transistor increases, which threatens the breakdown of one transition. However, in this case, the stabilitron VD5 begins to pro-

drive a strum, which is the output of the transistor VT3. The positive voltage of the transistor collector is connected to the electric electrode of the thyristor VS1. Then we will react similarly to other emergency situations.

Resistor R7 is chosen in such a way that the transiver vimikavsya for an hour of work and transmitting to an antenna equivalent of 150 ohms, which indicates SWR-3.

The emitter transition of the transistor VT2 (div. Fig. 2) must be shunted with a support resistor of about 10 kOhm.