All about the construction of multi-storey houses. Building Types: Features, Pros and Cons

Design and construction of multi-storey buildings It is a rather long process, since it implies a detailed study of each part of the architectural structure separately.

The construction of multi-storey buildings is one of the most widespread and popular types of construction work.

Currently, the construction of multi-storey buildings is one of the most complex construction work requiring a construction company of high professionalism, both in the construction of the object and in the design stage of a multi-storey building.

It is also impossible not to highlight the fact that in the construction of residential multi-storey buildings, the safety of the design should be focused on the construction of the future residents of the house, as well as the supply of the house by all engineering communications.

Our company carries out a complete list of services.

Construction of multi-storey buildings:
- Installation of multi-storey buildings
- installation of frame high-rise buildings
- Installation of multi-storey industrial buildings
- Installation of multi-storey frame buildings
- construction of multi-storey buildings

The focus on the safety of construction in the construction of multi-storey buildings is a good reason, in order to attract a serious general contracting organization, which is appropriately - exactly in time and the highest quality, will perform all types of work. Including design, development of documents, followed by coordination with the customer of all nuances and legal aspects.

For all the modern requirements of construction - the construction of multi-storey buildings is impossible without a clear action plan, namely construction projectwhich is developed in accordance with the regulatory documentation.
It is also worth noting that the design of multi-storey buildings is a rather long process, since it implies a detailed study of each part of the architectural structure separately.

Another important fact is that the design is carried out in accordance with the architectural features of the area, where the construction object will be located. It is important to carry out competent control, prepared by the documentation, with the check of calculations and the approval of the development plan, in various instances. Employees of the general contractor possess the necessary skills and skills to control the entire process, recommending, in a timely manner, make changes, thereby reducing the preparation of documents, and even having fun (without loss of quality), the total cost of construction work.

The construction of multi-storey houses is one of the most widespread and popular types of construction work.
Such a construction is conducted everywhere, especially in large cities, achieving an unthinkable density of buildings, and therefore, the basic rules in construction can be violated - in particular insolation.

Insolation is The degree of sunlight, residential building and their indoor space (room room). Insolation, according to its physical indicators, largely contributes to the heating of the surfaces, and the accurate calculation will help to give the required volume of internal air conditioning and ventilation.
There are strict standards of insolation, taking into account the minimum time, finding sunlight, in rooms (rooms), providing for the overall density of building buildings and structures.

The fact is that under the construction of the house, a certain territory is given on which the house itself will be, and the house territory is located. Many developers, chasing for super-profile, build buildings with a lot of storey (good - modern building technologies allow), sealing area of \u200b\u200bdevelopment, completely forget about such necessary (and strictly regulated) things - as creating parking and landscaping of the local area (playgrounds, green area etc.).

Even, due to lowering the floors, thanks to the increased welfare of citizens (many have two cars on the family), there are not enough parking spaces. It is on this that the responsible general contractor is initially developing a project, taking into account this amendment.
For example, compensating for a shortage of street parking spaces, intramanema underground parking, which, with one time, close all the problems and allow you to optimally descend some kind of territory, for example, to expand the playgrounds.

Due to the fact that the misunderstanding parking lots are inside the structure, it serves as a guarantor of additional security of personal property (in particular cars).

For such construction planning, monolithic houses are excellent, followed by filling with brick, reinforced concrete frame. The foundation, monolithic (w / b) house serves a pile field. The production technology of the foundation of this type is worked out - piles, calculated length, clogged on a strictly defined depth in the ground, pre-making the calculation of the necessary loads (to the layer of solid mainland soil). If, technologically provided, then under reinforced concrete piles, special "pillows" are installed - reinforced concrete supports. Crowded piles, if such a need arises, complement the racing pile of pile. After the pile drive, their concrete vertices are cut down, barreling fittings, which binds to the general construction of the building.

The same house made from reinforced concrete has a number of qualities that are very difficult not to notice:
- prevailing, not to the detriment of quality
-Asese resonation of construction (electric heating is provided in winter)
-The calm service
- Original architectural and design forms
- depositing to a minimum, presence of various seams, joints and voids (exception - temperature seam)
- High repair

Technology of production of monolithic houses of the same type:
Harvested Armokarkas, from the reinforcement of the calculated diameter
- Removable or non-removable formwork (depends on the project - can be combined)
- concrete with concrete, followed by a mixture seal, with deep vibrators and vibrorets
-Kripical laying (turns on the device of the insulation layer of mineral plates)
-Nour and interior decoration

Due to the fact that the reinforced concrete, as a building material, is ideally wound with the brick, filling the frame, occurs with the help of a brickwork, which binds to concrete, special mortgages made from various materials (metal, carbon fiber, etc.).
Concrete, as a building material, has a high thermal conductivity, and brick, due to its properties, compensates for it.

If you describe in more detail, the technology of building such a house, then from reinforced concrete, columns, beams and ceiling plates are performed, and the outer walls and internal partitions are laid out of the brick.
This technology allows you to build houses of various classes. It can be like budget, where most of the living space, occupy single and two-bedroom apartments and VIP at home, with a free internal planning.
It all depends on the place of development or project.

If we consider the built house, from a commercial point of view, then naturally, the most quickly sold apartments will be one-room and two-room. Apartments of the larger area will buy less often - on this, they are located on the prestigious floors and the most successful and beautiful view from the windows.
For this reason, before the start of construction, at the design stage, it is worth conducting a marketing study that will help, rationally and with the maximum financial benefits, distribute living space - that is, to amend the number or percentage ratio of apartments of various squares, in the house under construction.

The construction of a multi-storey residential building today is the main option for solving a housing problem for many developers. The advantage of technology is the settlement in the house not one, but several families, even if the construction is carried out on a small plot of land. Popularity has several construction varieties: panel, brick, monolithic, monolithic brick. The choice of building type is carried out in accordance with the testimony of soils, seismological situation, climatic features, the presence of materials, means and possibilities. Land development by multi-storey buildings - work responsible, not allowing ignorance or misses and requiring strict adherence to all nuances.

Panel construction

The technology gained rapid development at the end of the last century due to the efficiency of all stages of work. The presence of finished elements allows without special delays to put at home, the process resembles the assembly of the designer, the elements are produced by the factory.

Terms of application of panel construction have its own characteristics:

1. Requirement to perform a mass development in a limited area;
2. Sale of finished housing for the price by overlapping the cost of work;
3. The presence of a powerful database of resources and used equipment.

Tip! The construction of a panel high-rise building is impossible without the use of lifting mechanisms and providing energy resources.

The application of the technology applies not only to the construction of multi-storey houses of public settlement, but also for a private house building, where it is necessary to build a building in 2-4 floors. The technology implies the use of two types of residential buildings: frame, refumbaging.

The skeners also have two options for building: a full frame or inner. The first represent a spatial framework, in the formation of which external type supports and ribbed panels are involved, and the framework form transverse and longitudinal elements. The second option is a design without reference column panels. The carriers are internal columns that take on all load. The optimal magnitude of the span in this case is 500-600 cm. The longitudinal part of the frame is represented by columns, the step of which is no more than 300 cm. The permissible floor height of 280 cm, the bolt and the column elements are combined and connected by the welds. The column is covered with consoles from dust steel. The height of frame buildings is calculated depending on the designation of the building.

The main stages of construction

Stages of panel construction:

1. Work with the foundation. The choice of foundation depends on the floor of the building, the type of soil and other nuances. When working with lightweight panels (SIP), facilitated foundations are preferable, when working with heavy railway panels, the base is selected powerful and bell.
2. Waterproofing of the foundation, processing with protective equipment of wooden, metal parts, installation of the lower bar.
3. Arrangement of the base, installation of the floor of the first floor.
4. Arrangement of framework or installation of the first floor by erection of panel elements, fastening parts welding.
5. Installing inter-storey floors around the floor perimeter.
6. Warming, waterproofing of the structure.

Important! The construction of all subsequent floors is made in the same way as the first installation. If there is a large area of \u200b\u200brooms, the design is enhanced with a high-strength bar.

1. Laying the roof. Works are performed taking into account the weight load on the panel.
2. Installation of windows, doors, roofing.
3. Finishing work.

This technology has its advantages and disadvantages, the pluses of the panel multi-storey house are as follows:

• Increased building assembly rate;
• The ability to reduce the size of the construction site through the work "from the wheels", that is, the material is brought from the manufacturer and immediately mounted on the object, without cluttering the construction site;
• The minimum set of instruments and equipment for the installation of prefabricated structures.

Disadvantages of panel housework:

• Low heat engineering indicators in comparison with other materials;
• Insufficient sound insulation;
• The slightest retreats in the joint connection technology will result in the formation of slots;
• Reduced seismic resistance of panel type high-rise buildings;
• The dependence of the planning from the produced panel elements (this concerns only large-pasted houses).

Construction of brick houses

The construction of a brick construction has become known for a very long time, even before our era, people built dwellings from burnt clay pieces, giving them almost the right size. The technology is simple, distinguished by reliability, does not require special equipment, except for the lifts, but it is difficult to perform and quite a time consuming. At the same time, brick construction is impossible without experience, knowledge and application of labor of highly qualified workers. The minimum masonry errors will lead to unrelated loss of appearance, so the brick construction of a multi-storey building should either be carried out under constant supervision or only by the hands of professionals.

Today is used 2 types of bricks:

1. The ceramic piece product has durability, heat resistance, seismic resistance, moisture resistance. At the same time brick is easy to manufacture
2. Silicate is made from the mixture of lime and sand, has a cheaper price and its characteristics are modest: it does not tolerate moisture, high-temperature modes.

Tip! Manufacturers offer a good alternative: hollow (slit, porous) brick. Due to voids in mass, the products have a greater heat capacity and provides better thermal insulation.

Stages of building a brick house:

1. Foundation. It takes a powerful, durable and well-beaten foundation, as the brickwork has a massiveness.
2. Waterproofing foundation.
3. The first row of masonry on the "dry" basis, then the following rows of masonry are performed, and the selection of the installation of bricks is carried out depending on the characteristics of the project, the height of the house and the preferences of the customer;
4. Reinforcement elements of masonry or "bunch" should be present in every 2-4 row;
5. Laying inter-storey floors is carried out by slaughter;
6. Each subsequent floor is laid out, as is the first one, we should not forget about the bundle and strengthen the wall panels.
7. Insulation and waterproofing of the structure;
8. The roof is mounted black, mostly flat. Laying the finishing roof is made only after the construction shrinkage.
9. Installation of windows, doors.
10. Final finishing works.

The brick construction of a multi-storey house has a lot of nuances: from the choice of type masonry to the variability of the ligament. However, despite the difficulties, the numerous advantages of the final result are repaid all technological inconveniences:

1. The highest heat engineering characteristics;
2. Best sound insulation indicators;
3. Preservation of a comfortable microclimate inside the house;
4. Variability of buildings formats;
5. The undemanding of the facade finish due to the good aesthetic type of the unaczzle brick.

There are several flaws:

1. The obligation to apply qualified labor;
2. High price plan construction work;
3. Slow construction of the house;
4. Time requirement for shrinkage;
5. The limitations of the stages of buildings;
6. Mandatory presence of a large warehouse for material on the construction site.

Monolithic construction

One of the newest technologies is the monolithic construction of a residential building. Building type is based on the fill of the building with a concrete mixture directly at the construction site. The cost of work is high, labor costs are also high, therefore, the monolithic-panel construction is most often used, where development is carried out by means of ready-made monolithic w / b plates manufactured by the factory manner. Considering the monolithic technology, it is worth clarifying that all processes are made only in seasons with a warm temperature, in the case of precipitation, the work stops. A detailed plan of the work carried out is extremely necessary, since any retreat from the process, the delay or incorrect selection of the cement brand is threatening with a violation of technology, as a result of which the developer will get a continuing home that requires constant finishes.

Stages of construction:

1. Preparation of the site, arrangement of the foundation of a bunned type;
2. Installation of reinforcement frame;
3. Mounting formwork;
4. Pouring concrete mix;
5. Concrete warming for better grasp in the event of a decrease in ambient temperature;
6. Dismantling formwork;
7. Arrangement of inter-storey overlaps;
8. Installation of the roof;
9. Exterior finish.

Important! Concrete compositions are distinguished by high insulation, energy intensity, so the structure will not require additional work on the laying of hydro, heat, sound insulation. You do not need to additionally align wall panels, that is, all work is reduced to the finish.

The advantages of monolithic construction:

• Free layout;
• Individuality of the configuration of buildings;
• The smoothness of all wall and ceiling panels, which is why the finishing stage is reduced to a minimum;
• Increased seismic resistance of buildings.

Disadvantages of monolithic construction:

• The use of highly qualified labor;
• High construction of buildings;
• Small use of technology.

Important! It is worth noting that the technology of monolithic construction is little in demand in today's market, but numerous advantages allow to apply the type of household on the most diverse soils. And if you use a panel-monolithic option, buildings meet the highest inquiries and requirements of the owners, distinguished by durability, practicality, long service life and magnificent heat and energy indicators.

Monolithic brick construction

Frame-monolithic building technology gained widespread. As the most advanced option, the construction type is reliable, allows you to connect all the indicators of the heat-proof brick wall in one object with the variability of planning decisions of the building with the use of overlaps from monolithic reinforced concrete. The price plan of buildings lies between inexpensive large-scale technology and costly brick houses.

Stages of construction similar to other technologies:

1. The arrangement of a powerful foundation;
2. Montage of the frame of the house with the fill with concrete, after the formwork is removed and the process is repeated until the building gains the desired height;
3. Installation of inter-storey floors;
4. Construction of the following floors;
5. Arrangement of the roofing of a draft type, and after the shrinkage of the structure, the installation of the finishing roof;
6. Finishing work.

The advantages of monolith-brick construction:

• The most modern technology that allows you to quickly build buildings of different floors, forms, format;
• Free layout;
• High rates of heat capacity and sound insulation: Such a high-rise building combines all the unique quality of brick and concrete;
• Minimum requirements for alignment of walls and ceilings, and therefore light finishing works.

The disadvantage of an apartment monolithic brick house will have one - mandatory observance of the development technology, and, consequently, the use of highly qualified workers.

Monolithic Ventfasada

Strictly speaking, this is not a construction technology, but rather, the type of finishing works. Systems are characterized by the following indicators:

1. The presence of an air gap between the surface of the wall and trim;
2. The possibility of using overpass panels of different types;
3. Giving the aestheticity of the facade and minimizing the threat of condensate in the house;
4. A significant reduction in heating costs due to improving the heat capacity of the entire building.

This technology is used for many multi-storey buildings of various purposes. At the same time, the materials used for the installation of ventfasades are produced in a huge variety: aluminum, vinyl panels or panel elements from composite materials are distinguished by durability and durability.

Choosing a suitable building technology for the construction of multi-storey houses, it is necessary to take into account not only all economic parties, but also the presence of a powerful base of special equipment, resources and professional builders. Alone with the house even in 2-3 floors it is difficult to cope, it is better to charge this business to those skilled in the art.

Panel house-building is widely distributed in the process of building multi-storey public and residential buildings. Due to the fact that there are previously manufactured panels in construction, the process is carried out pretty quickly. We will talk about technology, advantages and lack of panel construction.

Features of the construction of panel houses

In order to deal with panel house-building, first read the terms of its application:

• it is required to perform mass construction of houses on the territory, which allows you to sell housing at a price that overlaps the cost of construction of panels from reinforced concrete;
• the presence of a serious energy base and energy resources used in production;
• performing full preparation for the manufacture of construction sites, in the process of mass building using panel houses.

Note that it is impossible to build a panel house, in the absence of specialized equipment and technology. In addition, cars are engaged in transportation of panels, to enter which a massive road is required to a certain width of the construction site.

To work with panels, you will need powerful crane equipment that will help install the slab at a certain height. Note that the weight of one panel is about ten tons, so it takes high powerful equipment to install it.

The main advantage of the construction of panel houses is the ability to save time for the construction of a multi-storey building. Constructions are distinguished by a high degree of finishing readiness. With this technology, it is possible to build a house in twenty or more floors.

Modern panel houses have pretty high quality and direct geometry. This is explained by the wide popularity of this technology and great competition in the construction market. Therefore, builders are trying to build a panel-type building as high quality.

The scope of application of this technology is applied not only to the construction of multi-storey houses, but also on private panel construction. With the help of panels, it is possible to build private houses in one, two or three floors.

The technology of panel construction implies the construction of two versions of houses:

• framework;
• frameless.

There are two options for frame buildings. At the first type, the frame is complete, and the second is internal. The first building options have the form of a spatial framework, for which external supports and ribbed panels use. In such panels, the framework consists of a transverse and longitudinal frame.

In the second version of the frame panels of the support columns. Internal columns are carriers, they account for all load. The optimal value in the span of the frame building is about 500-600 cm. In the longitudinal part of the building, columns are spread, the distance between which is more than 300 cm. At the same time, the floor in height is about 280 cm. Rigels and columns are connected with the help of welding. The colons are located on the columns, for the manufacture of which is used by two-way steel. The height of the frame building panel buildings depends on the purpose of the house:

• and administrative, medical and public buildings, it is about 330 cm;
• for residential buildings - 280 cm;
• for shopping centers and design bureau - 360 cm.

Large-pointed buildings refer to frameless. Several schemes of their facilities are distinguished. Hotel houses whose height is a maximum of five floors, are divided into:

• buildings in which there are external and internal partitions;
• buildings in which the outer walls and transverse type partitions are installed;
• buildings in which there are bearing external and longitudinal inner walls.

1. First of all, before ordering the sip panels, you should make sure of their quality. The use of poor-quality polystyrene foam or glue, to glue the panels, leads to a decrease in the life of the entire home. For gluing some panels, manual hired work is used, such panels, although they are cheaper, but have low quality.

2. In mandatory, require a special documentation for the provider of panels confirming the quality of products. The strength characteristics of the panel defines the quality of polystyrene foam used for its manufacture.

3. For the manufacture of a house, using panel house-building technology using panels, we recommend using a column type of foundation using piles and a small-breeding tape type. This base will be a reliable support for a multi-storey building.

4. If this type of foundation is not suitable for the cause of the soil, it is better to stop on the tape foundation of a deep downstream, which has an extension at the bottom.

5. When building a house that has a base or basement floor, give preference to the basement plate. It suits practically for any type of soil and has high performance.

We offer you to get acquainted with the technology of building houses from the sip panels:

1. The start of work involves the construction of the foundation. The technology of its manufacture depends on the type of the selected base. Most often, under the panel houses make foundations based on screw piles. Among their advantages, the speed of work is noted, compared with a tape or slab base, for the manufacture of a pile foundation of enough two days. At the same time, work can be carried out both in summer and in winter.

2. After the foundation is made, it is waterproofing. Thus, it is possible to ensure the protection of the base of the house from moisture. In the presence of elements of wood or steel, they should be treated with special compositions that improve their quality and increase the duration of operation. The strapping bar is stacked on the screw piles, but before these, it is necessary to put two layers of the rubberoid. Installation of timber is carried out in a ratio with a pre-manufactured project.

3. Next, the installation of the floor in the house. They consist of sip panels, while the lower part of the panel is treated with a waterproofing solution, which will prevent its exposure to moisture. To sprinkle panels, there is a ship-groove to connect them with a timber. At the same time, each of the parties is fixed using self-press. Before starting the installation, on the ships-groove side of the panel sip, mounting foam is applied. After that, a mounting foam is installed on the panel and they are squeezed with wooden boards.

4. The next stage is the installation of the first floor. At the beginning of work, depending on the previously manufactured project of the house, work is performed on the installation of lower strapping. Note that the most smallest deviations from the project are unacceptable, as this will affect the correctness of the installation of subsequent floors, if available.

5. Each of the walls consists of a sip of the panel, between which the wood frame is located, so the technology is panel-frame construction. First, depending on the project, all the walls are marked earlier. To make the wall assembly, set the corner panels. The following panels are installed in the ratio with the perimeter of each room. Before starting the installation of panels, if there are small seabed on their surface, use liquid polystyrene foam for processing. To control the installation of each panel, use the construction level.

6. Finishing the first floor assembly work, should also be in the corner. To close the end portion on the wall, an element is used in the form of the last rack. Next should be processed using a mounting foam, the upper part of each of the panel. Next, the process of installing the upper strapping.

7. The next step is to install the overlap panels. They are installed strictly around the perimeter on the walls of the first floor. Installation of plates is made in the same way as in the previous floor.

8. The construction of the second and subsequent floors is also performed as the installation of the first. All work is carried out pretty quickly. If there are too large rooms on the floor, high-strength timber is used to enhance them. In the process of finishing, it is covered with a drywall or stretch ceiling.

9. Finishes the construction of the roof. Note that in this variant at home there is no need to build a rafter system. Since the sip panels have a certain rigidity, which can withstand a very high load. For installation, the roof is used by special sip panels. At the same time, the need to arrange additional vaporizolation and thermal insulation is absent.

10. After making assembly at home, it is installed windows, doors and roofing is mounted. Installing windows is made in a relationship with the project, while to cut the window, it is enough to select any section of the panel sip. Limitations on the form of windows are absent.

11. To finish the roof, we recommend using flexible tile, metal tile or roofing options. Then the wiring of communication systems to the house, the installation of electricity and water, work on the external and interior decoration.

12. Since the panel sip is distinguished by the presence of a smooth surface, their further finish is not difficult. For external cladding at home, siding, block house, natural stone, tile, plaster, etc. The walls in the house are littered with plasterboard and are covered with wallpaper or different types of decorative putty.

Advantages of panel construction using panels sip:

• excellent level of strength - the material is quite reliable and hard;
• resistance to mechanical damage;
• high level of energy efficiency;
• duration of operation;
• efficiency of use;
• ability to increase the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe house;
• lack of restrictions in the internal and external finish;
• the speed of execution of work on the construction of panel cottages;
• lack of shrinkage;
• light weight;
• no need for the erection of expensive foundation.

Characteristics of panel monolithic construction

Organizations that are engaged in the construction of panel houses turnkey, most often prefer panely monolithic type of construction. Considering the advantages of this technology, you should allocate:

• speed of work, compared with brick houses;
• excellent appearance that fits into any locality;
• availability of wide opportunities in the preparation of the project;
• the possibility of free planning of apartments;
• monolith, which provides good building performance;
• in compliance with the construction technology - a long service life of the house.

Despite this, apartments in a monolithic house will cost more, since the construction of the house requires special costs of pouring monolith.

However, if you compare such houses with houses from the sip panels, then the second has obvious disadvantages. These are the joints between the panels that are a vulnerable place for such a home. The monolithic houses are distinguished by integrity, they are pretty warm, do not miss extra sounds, reliable. There is a free layout in the apartments.

Panelly monolithic housekeeping is based on the manufacture of special panels from reinforced concrete in the factory setting, their delivery to the construction site and installation with the help of specialized equipment. The main difference from the monolithic houses is that monolithic construction implies the fill of the building directly at the construction site. At the same time, the cost of work increases significantly than when using ready-made plates. Work on the fill is carried out only in the summer, autumn-spring time, and you can even build a house from the slabs in winter. Note that the process of the construction of a monolithic house should be carried out in compliance with all the technologies and norms of construction documentation. Failure to fulfill at least one requirement will lead to a decrease in the duration of the building itself.

Construction of a panel home video:

The construction of multi-storey buildings implies the performance of work in compliance with a number of requirements. At the same time, it should be done as professionally and competently. The multi-storey has a very complex design, and the main task when they are erected - to ensure the safety of tenants.

Where to start construction?

At the first stage, a land plot is selected, and it is necessary to do this in accordance with the Urban Development Plan. The easiest way to get a plot in areas where building is minimal. After receiving the permission, it will be necessary to carry out geological examination and territory. At this stage it is important to find out what the state of the soil is. Based on the data obtained, the materials are selected, the technology on which high-rise buildings will be erected. To get a plot for construction work, you need to hold a number of coordination with higher instances. Along with the selection of the site, it will be necessary to address issues related to summing up communications.

Erection process

All information received will display the scheme of a multi-storey house. By the way, it is based on a competent and well-thought-out project that can be built housing with minimal cost and losses. At the same time, in the process of design, everything must be taken into account, including the climatic conditions of the region in which the house will be built. The project will also display a space-planning solution of space, that is, the location of rooms, bathrooms, overlaps. All this should be performed in a clear accordance with the existing design and construction standards.

Multi-storey - these are those residential facilities, the number of floors in which exceeds 2-3. For the construction of such an object, clear supporting structures will need, since it will be all the load that this component will have to. In addition, the building should fit well into the surrounding landscape.

What are the multi-storey buildings build from?

Modern technologies offer ample opportunities for the use of various building materials. As a result, the building may be brick, monolithic and panel. Brick construction is met today in view of the high costs of both cash and time. Accordingly, the price of such housing will be high enough.

Much distribution has the construction of it quickly, convenient, economically. However, it is not necessary to dream about the safety of heat in them, since the seams between the panels are not sealed.

It is important that the project entry-industry-human tree, erected on the basis of panels, will have a standard layout, and this is not far from every buyer. Therefore, more and more future tenants prefer to choose monolithic residential facilities: such buildings are raised quickly, while the form of the room and the planning solution can be chosen any.

No matter how much a multi-storey home is chosen, it is important that any process is built on a clear regulation. As a rule, the first floors in modern high-rise buildings are given under the shops and other infrastructure facilities, while the rest of the premises are residential. This approach allows customers to purchase housing, which will be immediately provided by the most necessary institutions.

How build a monolithic house APRIL 25th, 2016

The construction of residential buildings is one of the important branches of construction. Housing is always built and everywhere - without it, it is simply impossible to do. The construction of housing is different: it is high or low-rise construction, brick or monolithic, etc. Today I want to show a few basic stages of the construction of a monolithic high-rise building. For better visibility, photos of the construction of different houses will be used.

The first stage of directly construction of the house is earthen work. Those. First dig a pit for the foundation of the future building. After the boiler is ready, the pile field is going. Piles are not always clogged, but in our city it is done quite often. We need piles or not - depends on the geological conditions of the selected place.
On the photo on the left, the plot of the pile field is shown. On the right, the technique is located for the first stage of construction work - the excavator for the development of a pit and a car for pile works.

Here is another car for pile work. Such machines are different - what to work, depends on the type of pile works carried out and from the type of piles used. As a rule, in the city we use either clogged piles or burbilic (drowing). Scoring piles are usually reinforced concrete rods. For immersion of them in the ground, only special devices are required. Therefore, in individual construction, they are rare enough. We impose a high cost of the piles themselves, as well as lease of equipment.
Most often used burbilling piles. First, the hole is done by a special border in the soil, which then the reinforced frame is inserted into the machine. Then the well is filled with concrete solution, which fills in all empties.

Here, just a well preparation process for future boronobile piles is shown.

Pile field closer. Here are visible burbilic piles.

General form

Then the foundation is done. This is the basis of any building, the key to the fact that the design will slightly for many years without deformations. The main function of the foundation is to bear the mass of the construction, and the key requirement for it is strength. The foundations are also different, such as monolithic (slab) and prefabricated. With multi-storey construction, a slab foundation is used. Such a foundation is resistant to any types of deformations and is very well coped with vertical maximum loads without significant losses of its functional qualities. Since this is a monolithic foundation, then its main element is the filling reinforced concrete. It is well withstanding the load and shifts of the soil. A frame of reinforcement is installed in the dumped kittle, which is then poured with concrete. Moreover, the fill goes continuous. The photo shows the already flooded monolithic foundation

Bigger. In winter, after pouring, concrete is covered with a special material. It is done to warm up concrete, which contributes to the preservation of concrete strength.

Well, and then there is a construction of the floors of the future at home. Since our house is monolithic, the main tasks for such construction are the preparation of the reinforced frame and the subsequent fill of the frame of the frame concrete.

Armature sticking out of concrete is the future basis of the frame of the future walls.

When the frame is ready, it concludes to formwork. The formwork creates the form and dimensions of the future wall, columns and overlaps. After the formwork is collected and the process of fill with concrete. Pouring occurs with concreteons. While the flood of the building is not high, the concrete pumps are used.
The photo shows the concrete pump - this is a white machine with an elongated blue arrow. Concrete is just sent for this arrows.

By the way, before collecting the reinforced frame or pour it with concrete, the territory is cleaned from dust and various elements (stones, sand, etc.). It is done by special air vacuum cleaners, and it looks like a photo below.

Concrete pump is bigger - at the moment when a mixer with concrete came to him.

Like the walls of the building

But, in fact, the process of assembling the reinforced carcass. Armature in the frame is directed both vertically and horizontally.

Operactions in the frame are made immediately.

On the upper floors, the concrete is delivered by a special pump or a crane using a "bell" for this.

This is how concrete is poured with the help of a crane and "bell" - one presses the levers, the other directs the flow.

The tap is also used for lifting the floors of other building materials - formwork, reinforcement, beams.

For the construction of the slab overlap (this is the future floor or ceiling of the apartment) also need a reinforced frame.

But at first a formwork is established (in the photo), and then the framework of the reinforcement is assembled on the formwork, which is also poured with concrete.

But the builders need to know exactly where the overlapping boundaries will be located, where holes, walls, columns and other elements will be located. To do this, the construction site needs a geodesist, which, with the help of various devices (as in the photo), will make an accurate location of the above elements.

The base of the building is a monolithic frame. But the various partitions and balconies are made of bricks (in the photo) or building blocks. And here you can no longer do without masonry, which perform these work.

Balconies are made of bricks, facade walls and partitions - from blocks.

This is only part of the construction of the house. There is no need to do without finishing work - both external (facade device) and internal. But I will tell about this another time.