I want to make a circular sawmill. Disk sawmill: DIY manufacturing process

Wood is one of the most ancient materials that mankind still uses today. Neither in construction, nor in the production of furniture, nor in many other areas, where a sufficiently strong, easily processed, inexpensive material is required, can not do without it.

And making wooden products with your own hands can be not only professional, but also a favorite thing, which, in addition to being beneficial, also brings pleasure.

1 General data

Working with wood begins with sawing the tree trunk into planks, beams or slats. And in this case, the most suitable device for obtaining appropriate lumber from a log is a sawmill:

• disk;
• chain;
• tape;
• disc angular (angle saw).

All these types of sawing machines you can do it yourself for use in a household or small production. A self-made sawmill, for all its unpretentiousness, will work no worse than a factory one.

At the same time, she will save a lot of money and help you become a real specialist in the field of woodworking.

1.1 Circular sawmill

It is easiest to make a circular sawmill with your own hands, since this does not require any special knowledge. It is enough to study several ready-made projects, or borrow the principle of operation and layout features from factory samples.

DIY circular sawmill

• "Ural" is a circular sawmill that allows you to work with workpieces with a diameter of up to 800 mm and get from 65 to 75% of the output of processed wood. Productivity is up to 10m³ per shift;
• Corvette is a circular sawmill that can handle raw materials up to 1000 mm in diameter.

A homemade circular sawmill consists of only a few units:

• bed;
• electric motor;
• circular saw.

Everything else (drive, power circuit, wood supply and fixing system) is added to these parts in accordance with their own desires and capabilities.

Simplest the version of the mini sawmill is a table, with a shaft attached from below, on which a toothed disc is located, rotating in a narrow slot in the tabletop. The drive is carried out by transferring torque through the belt from the electric motor.

For the manufacture of the bed (table), metal corners or wooden beams will be required, from which a frame can be made, on which the working table is then fixed.

Cutting discs can also be made by hand from steel or duralumin sheet 3 mm thick. The size (diameter) of the disc should be within 50 cm and it is enough to equip it with only two or three teeth. This is enough to work with almost any type of wood.

Cutting teeth can be made from a broken drill bit or carbide steel. Their cutting angle must be maintained within 30 degrees, and the rear angles must be at least 15 degrees. Once the teeth are secured to the disc, it must be balanced to avoid unnecessary vibration during rotation.

1.2 Band sawmill

A more accurate definition of such a mini device, made by hand, is the expression - a homemade tire sawmill. Because often, the saw band of such a device is located on two ordinary car wheels from a passenger car.

Mini tape a sawmill can have the following basic characteristics:

• frame with a height of 1.2 m with a width and depth of 0.9 m;
• guide rails (rails) along which the frame moves 0.9-1.2 m wide and up to 8-10 meters long.
• the saw band is located on wheels with R13 tires of any standard height and width;
• the band saw, connected in a ring, has a length of 2.66 m.

The total weight of a structure moving on rollers along guides usually does not exceed 50 kg, and the guides themselves can be made collapsible.

Therefore, the word mini is quite suitable for such a device, since, if necessary, it can be easily transported unassembled, even in a passenger car.

2 Construction

To make such a mini sawmill it is enough to adhere to the following principles:

• create a frame moving on rollers (along guides), on which a band saw on wheels and a drive equipped with a gasoline or electric motor will be fixed;
• lay guides (rails) for manual movement of the working structure when sawing;
• provide for fastening elements of the workpiece (log) between the rails;
• equip the working part of the structure with an accurate lifting (lowering) mechanism for setting the dimensions (thickness) of the future board;
• provide water cooling of the saw (water jet from the tube, removed from a high-located container).

2.1 How it works

Rotating on two wheels, the band saw, closed in a ring, with its lower part passes through the wood, sawing it. To move forward, you need to make a little effort pushing the movable structure in front of you.

Tires on wheels must be balanced to eliminate vibration, which can affect the quality of the cut. With each new pass, a layer of a certain thickness is removed from the workpiece, which is set by lowering the movable part with the cutting unit vertically.

2.2 Angle sawmill

Angle saw mini sawmill, which is quite possible to make with your own hands, will allow you to get very high quality sawn timber. This is due to the fact that with its help it is possible to obtain radial cut boards, which are distinguished by their excellent quality and rather high price.

The basic principles that must be adhered to in order to make such a device with your own hands are very similar to the creation of a band sawmill.

A frame moving along the guides with an electric motor and a circular saw is required. The only difference is that the cutting angle can vary from 0 to 90 degrees, and not be located strictly horizontally.

It is possible to make a slightly different device - with two cutting elements that will work alternately, but do not require rotation, since they are initially installed in planes perpendicular to each other.

2.3 The process of sawing on an angle circular sawmill (video)

2.4 Cutting technology

When you start breaking up a log, the saw blade is positioned horizontally. Having made a horizontal cut along the entire length of the workpiece at a given depth, during the return pass, it is set vertically, and thus, it cuts off a board or beam with the desired parameters from the log.

This sawing technology allows you to immediately get lumber of a specific configuration (a certain section).

In the version with two discs, there is no need to change the cutting plane. First, a horizontally located saw passes, and then it is retracted, and another - vertically located - starts to work.

2.5 Sawmill from a chainsaw

A homemade sawmill from a chainsaw, which you can make with your own hands, is the easiest option for mini sawmills from all those presented above. The chain saw is already securely positioned, driven and does not require any additional devices.

The chainsaw was originally designed as a hand tool. But in order to make an accurate and even cut, stability in motion is required, which the human hand is simply not able to provide.

Therefore, the idea arose to create a device (device) that ensures reliable movement of the cutting element along the workpiece being cut.

To make a sawmill from a chainsaw with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• two channels (140-180 mm) 8-10 meters long;
• corner 50 × 100 mm, length 80-100 cm 4-5 pieces;
• corner 40 × 40 mm;
• pipes with a cross section of 35-40 mm with movable rods on them.

From channels and corners a track is made for the trolley to move along it, made of corners, and mounted on rollers (bearings). Fixing elements are installed on the track to hold the workpiece (log) using movable rods.

The chainsaw is fixed on the trolley tripod, as well as the grinder on a homemade cutting machine, with the ability to change the height of its location.

2.6 How it works

The workpiece is securely fixed in the middle of the guides. The chainsaw is installed on the trolley frame in a strictly horizontal position of the saw unit. During operation, the cart moves along the workpiece manually, sawing the log as it moves.

A circular sawmill is a high-performance woodworking equipment that is present in almost every facility related to the extraction, processing of wood and the production of wood products.

• The acquired or assembled sawmill with your own hands allows you to make unedged, edged lumber;
• Sawing processes with circular saws occur immediately after the wood has been processed by the band saw;
• Single-disk and double-disk installation provide the manufacture of various materials on the basis of a log;
• After the band saw has completed its sawing stages, the vertical circular sawmill or its analogues comes into operation. The device is designed for sawing in various ways - end, edging, dividing;
• Such disc units as PDPU 600, DPA 600, Grizzly, Lesnik 450, Shinka or DPA 550 can become an indispensable unit in matters of fast and high-quality rip sawing.

Design features

A circular sawmill (DP) is a hardware machine that is designed for ripping materials and is powered by a specific engine. By studying the drawings of the device, you can draw certain conclusions regarding the design.

1. The main structural elements of the saw are a pair of motors, a circular saw, an operator's cabin, carriages and rails.
2. The simplest factory or home-made sawmill looks like a table, where a shaft with a cutting disc is installed, and the cutting edge rotates above the plane. Such a single-disk saw, although mobile, easy to assemble, is only suitable for use at home.
3. When choosing a device for more serious sawing, it is better to focus on high-performance machines, which are distinguished by the ability to perform a wide range of functions. Some of them are coal saws, with the help of which sawing at an angle is carried out;
4. The working tool of all band saws is a circular saw. It is mounted on the spindle shaft or directly on the motor shaft.
5. If it is not a single disc sawmill, but a double disc sawmill, then each individual saw is driven by a separate motor. There can be a certain power difference between the motors. This is due to the fact that one motor is responsible for the larger cutting disc, and the second is designed to work with small lumber.
6. The frame is made on the basis of high strength metal pipes, which are connected mainly by welding.
7. The carriage or cart moves along the rails. In this case, it is better to immediately pay attention to what material they are made of. Good rails provide smooth movement of the carriage, therefore they should not have defects, irregularities, etc.
8. The carriage is made of high-strength metal. It can have wheels or casters. Which is better depends on the consumer and the features of the DP operation. The most important thing is that the rollers coincided with the rails perfectly, there was no jamming or slipping from the surface.
9. If you are going to make your own sawmill for sawing at home, you will need to equip it with an engine. Experts note that any engine can be installed. Gasoline models are better suited, and electric ones show themselves well for production workshops. The performance of the selected motor must be high in order to operate two saws. Factory models are equipped with a separate motor for each circular sawmill saw.

Views

Like the band saw, the disc installation perfectly demonstrates itself when processing wood, performs corner sawing, for which the corner sawmill is intended. Tape and disk are two inveterate competitors, each of which may seem better at one point or another.

To make multi-saw, rotary sawing devices equipped with an electric or gasoline engine, you first need to understand the types of installations.

But if you have a mobile, stationary, powerful, equipped with certain functionality, capabilities, it is better to take a short excursion.

• Corner. Such sawmills allow you to cut in two directions - along and across the workpiece. The sawing process on an angle sawmill is possible when processing logs with a diameter of 7 cm. The angle model is more mobile, since it is not mounted on special platforms. But so that performance does not fall, and the device does not fail, the corner sawmill must be protected from precipitation. You cannot work in the rain, as the instructions say;
• Horizontal. No less common models, the performance of which provides an excellent result in wood processing. This is a mobile unit, since it is easily disassembled and transported to objects. The main advantage is not only productivity, but also the absence of idling. No special instruction is required, long preparation is required to master the work with horizontal DP for a beginner. Control is carried out through the appropriate remote control for the DP;
• Vertical. It is not uncommon to find vertical multi-blade installations. Such sawmills are relevant in the manufacture of timber, boards. Using the vertical type DP, you can get finished sawn timber in one go;
• With edging blocks. This is a DP with a special mechanism, which is installed on the main carriage of the DP, in order to be able to produce edged sawn timber in one approach of the machine;
• Double-disk DP. These are devices whose performance is at a very high level. This performance is due to the fact that the sawmill uses the disk at the same time.

Homemade vs factory made

Numerous reviews and video instructions make it clear that it is quite possible to assemble a mini sawmill yourself. The only thing that can stop the master from buying sawmills such as Cedar, PD 2000 mini, PDPU 600 or Grizzly is the high price, which ranges from 150 thousand rubles. With all due respect to home craftsmen, it is almost impossible to assemble a full-fledged analogue of a factory high-performance sawmill.

In a private household, a do-it-yourself disk sawmill makes it possible to produce a bar, boards from logs of medium and large cross-section. With the growth of the estimated volume of products, the requirements for accuracy, thoroughness of assembly work, and the quality of materials used increase.

Choice of design

The design of a circular sawmill is being developed for specific needs. Productivity, log width, even cut along the entire length of the workpiece require certain technical solutions in the assembled equipment. With manual feed, the plane wave of the resulting board increases. The size of the saw blade, the limits of its displacement relative to the thrust platform will set the maximum size of the wood for sawing.

Main nodes

The components of the future machine must first be correctly positioned on the drawing. The device of any self-made disk sawmill includes:

• frame. Combines all components into a functional whole. At the same time, the distance between the parts should allow for safe do-it-yourself work, maintenance, cooling, waste disposal. The main qualities are stability, rigidity;
• engine. The three-phase electric option is chosen according to power, number of revolutions. The operating voltage is 380 V. If there is no connection to the network, a gasoline engine with a step-up gear is installed;
• cutting unit. Placed horizontally, vertically. Consists of one disc or two (corner). A single saw can be fixed in one predetermined position or rotated 90 ° to exclude reverse idling (angle cut);
• feed line. A simple DIY is limited to a stationary hand-fed table. They use this type for small do-it-yourself work with small-sized workpieces. A massive log is fed under a knife on a carriage;
• Remote Control. Performs on / off operations, available control switches (revolutions, feed, indication). It is taken out to a place on the frame convenient for work and process control.

Despite the fact that the manufacture takes place at home, safety measures must be observed - cover the rotating parts with a casing, install a protective sheet of metal from the operator's side to prevent the disc from scattering. Woodworking circular sawmills are hazardous equipment.

Two discs

The design of a circular sawmill with two simultaneously working cutting tools allows to increase the productivity of processing. They are located at right angles to each other. Such homemade devices are more difficult to manufacture.

Each disc is supplied with its own motor and drive. The frequency of revolutions is selected the same.

Horizontal movement of the disc angular pairs with the drive mechanism occurs on a movable carriage. Guides are placed under it. To adjust the mutual arrangement of circular saws with your own hands, each pair is equipped with adjusting devices.

Drawing and material

Depending on the design, drawings of a circular sawmill of varying complexity are drawn up. In an individual development, certain requirements must be taken into account.

• using the log feed on the carriage, the width of the platform is taken equal to the width of the guide rails. This will provide stability under load. The rail is taken P50, the rollers are selected accordingly;
• to provide clamps for the tree trunk on the platform, convenient, reliable fixation of various sizes of the workpiece;
• it is advisable not to combine an electric motor and a saw on a hard drive. It should be protected by a belt (chain) transmission. This will improve the air cooling of the windings, remove from the zone of intensive formation of wood dust. Before creating a drawing with your own hands, you need to measure the dimensions of the engine, with the same characteristics, the manufacturer gives its size in size;
• the working area is calculated for saws Ø 500 - 700 mm;
• the frame, depending on the dimensions of the installation, to be welded or collapsible (moving to a new place of work). Channel No. 4, No. 6 is placed in the main strapping. Additional stiffeners are made from a steel angle, a pipe (if necessary).

Assembly order

The DIY installation process is divided into 3 stages. After each, the dimensions, tolerances, travel limit of the moving parts are checked against the working drawing.

1. Carrying frame frame. Welded (bolted) joints are performed. Check the quality, diagonals, seating arrangement, stability.
2. The giving part. In the case of a stationary table, the level is set to a horizontal plane. The coincidence of the longitudinal axis with the supporting frame is recorded. For a mobile platform, the rails are first set at the same damage coaxially with each other and the base. Load with a trolley to check the smoothness of the movement, the absence of rubbing of the wheel flange. A small homemade circular sawmill can have a light cart on bearings, rollers. For them, a guide track is made from the corner for going forward and backward. On large models, the principle of moving a carriage with a disk over a log fixed on the table is used.

• Cutting organ. The first is the shaft of the sawmill with the saw. The support bearing assembly is attached to the subframe, the axis of rotation is checked, and the presence of beats is checked. Then the engine is hung on the landing grooves. The fastening bolt must not be located at the edge of the groove. If a V-belt / chain drive is used, then with multiple revolutions it looses, a subsequent tension is necessary. When replacing with a new product, the motor is again moved closer to the shaft. Smooth adjustment can be made with spacer bolts on each side. A belt or chain that is too tight will overheat with prolonged use of the equipment.

When assembling an angle sawmill with your own hands with a block of disks on a movable carriage, the design distances are controlled along the entire length of the stroke. An unexpected change in the tilt angles of the saws during sawing will lead to damage to the raw material, an accident.

Individual approach

Where a large-capacity sawmill is not required, a mini-machine with a sliding feed on a fixed plate is constructed.

With increasing weight, the length of the workpiece is equipped with freely rotating rollers to facilitate manual pressure.

A universal solution would be a rotary (90 °) reducer for a circular saw. In some cases, the owner prefers to install end clamps to rotate the workpiece about the longitudinal axis.

Moving a tree or a saw is a decisive issue in the design of a sawmill.

When carrying out construction or carpentry work, lumber is always needed. These can be boards for various purposes, beams for foundations and floors, details of building structures.

To have a sufficient supply of the necessary materials, you will often have to saw untreated logs. Of course, you can buy ready-made products, but the financial costs will increase several times.

A factory-made sawmill is also expensive. However, you can make a completely functional sawmill with your own hands at home, and the costs will be much less.

Varieties

Depending on the design of the working part, a homemade sawmill is made of three types:

• disk sawmill;
• tape;
• tire.

Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Disk installation

Among the home-made devices, it is the circular sawmills that are most often found. They have gained wide popularity due to their versatility and ease of assembly.

They are most suitable for carrying out one-time construction work or for small businesses that do not involve large volumes of production. The basis of this design is a circular saw mounted on an electric motor or on a spindle.

In most cases, the so-called "circular" is made - a solid base in the form on which the engine and the shaft with a circular saw are fixed.

The base is made of wood or metal parts, which are fixed in a cross-wise position and secured with a board of a suitable size. Metal plates are fixed on top of the board with bolts.

In the resulting plate, you need to leave a cut for the saw and holes for mounting the engine. The holes must be countersunk additionally and then fastened with screws.

The saw should be installed exactly in the middle of the resulting structure. The top plate is connected to the base with screws, and an insert for the disc is fixed in the hole between the plates. The stop bar is attached last.

note: when assembling the sawmill, close attention should be paid to the reliability of fastening all structural elements. A loose saw blade is a serious threat to human health and life.

With the help of a homemade circular sawmill, you can make a bar, slats of different sizes and veneer. The saw rotation speed is sufficient to obtain quality products with smooth edges and cuts.

Belt type

Plants using band saws are used in the production of lumber on an industrial scale.

Private industries in most cases are equipped with self-made sawmills, made on the basis of drawings of factory units. The main advantage of such devices is the ability to quickly cut large logs with a total weight of up to three hundred kilograms.

The manufacture of a band sawmill requires special training and the availability of a fairly large number of different building materials:

• pipes of various sizes and diameters;
• metal corners for mounting the rail system;
• channel;
• pulleys;
• profile pipes for sleepers.

In addition, you will need tools for working with metal - a welding machine, an electric drill, a grinder and a set of fasteners (bolts, nuts, screws).

Work on the manufacture of the device begins with the installation of a fixed part - the bed. The shape of this structure resembles the letter "P", the material is two channels or angles 50X100 mm.

The standard length of the channel is 8 - 9 meters, the height is not less than 14 cm. After the installation of the frame, holes are drilled in it, the gaps between which must be at least one meter.

After that, it is necessary to pull the channels with pipes 25 cm long, fastening is done using bolts of the required size and studs. After that, the racks are mounted on which the sawmill will be fixed. To increase stability, the structure is additionally reinforced with the required number of braces.

It's important to know: the proportions of all parts must match; for a 9 meter long sawmill, a saw of at least one meter is required.

A saw is attached to the cart, a handwheel is installed on the side to control the operation of the unit. The clamps are made of pipes with a diameter of no more than 40 mm, movable hoses are installed inside. Clamps from metal corners are installed on top of the pipes.

The saw blade and motor are installed last. The construction of the structure is best done directly on the site of future work, since the total weight of the band sawmill is very large.

You may also be interested in an article on how to make a vibrating table for paving slabs:

Splint (logosol)

A home-made unit is fundamentally different from other types of sawmills with its device.

The main task is longitudinal sawing of logs, production of high quality veneer and slats. Numerous videos on the network provide comprehensive information about all stages of installing a tire sawmill.

This type of sawmill is used in small industries for the manufacture of mini workpieces of non-standard shapes and sizes. In homemade units, a chain saw blade of a suitable size is used as a working part.

The structure consists of a profile with a working height of just over a meter. The chainsaw is moved using a trolley.

The exact height is calculated taking into account the height of the worker, in order to avoid being in an uncomfortable position for a long time. A log is placed on the main profile, the saw moves and cuts according to preset parameters.

The main condition necessary for the high-quality operation of such devices is sufficient weight and rigidity of the main profile, as well as the presence of the required number of supports. To obtain a straight cut line, at least four stable wheels and a manual drive are required.

It will be optimal to use a well wrench with a drive wheel. Rigid jacks are installed to adjust the thickness of the product.

Self-production of a sawmill of any type is a laborious and complex process. Whether it is expedient to waste time and money, everyone decides for himself. In any case, safety precautions must not be forgotten when installing any type of unit.

Injuries while working with wood are frequent, and improvised equipment, assembled inadequately, poses a danger to the owner.

How to cheaply make a sawmill with your own hands, see the following video:

Not only carpenters for work, but also those who build a wooden house, need a special woodworking tool. And, of course, it should not be an ordinary chainsaw, but a real sawmill. This design can be purchased, but the price is quite high. You can solve this problem by making a disk or band sawmill with your own hands, using the provided drawings and video instructions for this.

DIY band sawmill. Video

It is quite difficult to make such a structure. In addition to the fact that you need to prepare all the components, study the structure, draw drawings, do welding and turning work, it will be necessary to ensure loading logs up to 300 kg, adjusting its cutting and safety precautions.

The principle of operation of the band sawmill

The design resembles the rotation of two spools with a saw between them. The distance between these spools is equal to the size of the processed log.

The working cycle of the band sawmill:

1. Preparation. The logs are given the same shape and size.
2. Treatment. The equipment is adjusted and the logs are processed according to the specified scheme.
3. The final stage. Defects left after sawing are eliminated manually by the operator.

To get a board of the right size, you need to fix the log on the platform so that it is stationary. The mobile cart will then move and saw the tree. When doing this, a well-tensioned saw blade must be in a horizontal position. In order for the board to be of the desired size, the operator must first set the required parameters.

Required materials and tools

For a homemade band sawmill, you will need to prepare a lot of different materials:

1. Various pipe diameters.
2. Pulleys (old, but in good condition).
3. Profile pipes with which sleepers will be created.
4. Corners for creating rails.
5. Channel.

Required tools:

• milling machine;
• welding machine;
• electric drill;
• Bulgarian;
• hacksaw;
• clamp;
• a set of wrenches and screwdrivers;
• pliers;
• a hammer;
• ruler, square, tape measure;
• various fasteners (nuts, bolts, etc.).

In addition, you will need to study and make clear design drawings, according to which the entire assembly of the sawmill must pass.

Stages of work on the manufacture of a band sawmill with your own hands

First of all, it is necessary to make a fixed part of the structure - the bed, which should be U-shaped. For its manufacture, two channels, two rails or corners of 50x100 mm are suitable. The length of the channel should be about 8 meters, and height not less than 14 cm.

If the saw and the electric motor were not installed at the beginning, then the installation can be done at the end of all work. When purchasing an engine, you should make sure that the proportions of the entire structure are the same. So, for example, for a bed with a length of 8 meters, you will need a saw with a length of at least one meter and an engine with a power of about 10 kW.

It is recommended to assemble a band sawmill with your own hands directly at the place of its placement. This is due to the large weight of the future structure and its massiveness.

Homemade circular sawmill. Video

Due to their ease of manufacture and versatility, disc designs are very popular. After examining the drawing of a circular sawmill, you can understand that for its manufacture you will need a disk of more than 500 millimeters, which will act as a saw.

Circular sawmill design:

1. Circular saw (one or two).
2. Electric motor.
3. Movable carriage.

Such a device can cut a log in two positions - both horizontally and vertically. This is possible thanks to the carriage, which is able to move both across the wood table and along it.

For the manufacture of a circular sawmill you will need:

• metal plates (up to 1.2 mm thick; 230-250 mm wide);
• boards;
• construction trestles made of wood or metal;
• Electrical engine;
• fasteners;
• tool.

To create a structure, first of all, the goats are connected by boards, and a frame is made. After that, metal plates are connected to each other, which are installed on a wooden base.

There should be a gap between the plates, through which, after fixing them, it will be necessary to make a groove in the wooden base. Its dimensions should be such that the saw does not touch the walls.

The disc can be bought on the construction market, but you can try to make it yourself. To do this, you need a workpiece made of duralumin or tool steel with a thickness of 3 mm and caliber 400-500 mm... To make a circular saw out of it, two or three teeth should be made on it from carbide plates or from broken drills, which will be quite enough to cut wood. The back offset at the teeth should be up to 15, and the cutting angle should be 27-32 degrees.

Now the finished disc can be fixed on the shaft turned to the required dimensions. The belt pulleys and output shaft assembly can be purchased from the home market and then mounted under the table at the bottom of the hole. When doing this, make sure that the output end of the shaft is in the middle of the slot.

The motor on top of the table must be secured so that it moves slightly. For the sawmill to work, you will need to make a guide that should be in the "P" shape.

The homemade disc structure is ready, now you can use it to process wood.

A self-made band or disk sawmill will work if it is manufactured strictly according to the drawings, and when assembling the structure, the manufacturing technology will not be violated, all the recommendations of specialists will be taken into account, and the video instruction is also carefully watched.