The smartest people in history: who is worthy of such a title. The smartest person on earth: genius among us the smartest person in the history of mankind

Achievements of science and technology are talking about the grand mental potential of humanity. The possibilities of the human brain were not studied as it would like to, but researchers argue that people use only a small part of their intellectual resources and mental abilities.

Studies of the brain and mental potential of a person are conducted by scientists constantly, but so far to know why most people do not differ in special abilities, and some are impressive with their development and genius, remains a mystery.

The smartest people in the world are representatives of the unique part of the inhabitants of the planet, which for their lives surprise their achievements in a particular matter.

Not always the smartest people of the world became successful in life. Although their genius and not refutable, many smart people of the planet live ordinary life, do not occupy special posts, and perhaps not very happy in your life, despite such a grand gift from God.

There are geniuses that can have IQ even higher from well-known examples, but we will never know about, because due to certain circumstances, they will never be able to show themselves and their intellect.

Nevertheless, many of the most brilliant people of the world managed to develop and use their potential, to make the most important discoveries for humanity, write scientific works, etc.

The most brilliant people of the world who were known to mankind affected the development of science, technology, medicine, which made it possible to make a step forward towards the future.

Many ingenious people of the world already, unfortunately, left this world, but their achievements will always be reminded of their immense intellectual potential.

The list of the most intelligent people of the planet includes such personalities as Noam Homsky, Stephen Hawking, Manyael Tabet, John Sununu, Benjamin Netanyahu, Stephen Pinker, Philip Emmegali, Ruth Lawrence, Sol Kripk, Gregory Perelman, Bill Gates, Daniel Tammet, Geors Alferov, Neil degrads Tyson and many others.

Among the geniuses is worth noting Lao Tzu, Pythagoras, Heraklit, Confucius, Parmenid, Democritus, Plato, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Plotin, Avicenna, Martylio, William Okkina.

Undoubtedly famous examples Special intelligence are Leonardo da Vinci, Paracels, Nikolai Copernicus, Jordan Bruno, John Di, Francis Bacon, Johann Kepler, Mikhail Sandilovogi, Rene Descart.

Calling such persons as Pierre Farm, Gottfried Leibniz, Isaac Newton, Mikhail Lomonosov, Immanuel Kant, Johann Goethe, James Maxwell, Dmitry Mendeleev, Nikola Tesla, Albert Einstein, Karl Gustav Jung, Nils Bor, Werner Geisenberg, etc. .

Smart, ingenious, unusual people with the most outstanding brains

Kim Ung-Yong - IQ 210 hit the list of geniuses for another 4 years

Co-founder Microsoft Paul Allen - IQ 170

Brilliant people: Marilyn Rosca Savant involved her high IQ 228 in creativity, becoming a writer

The smartest people of the planet: Rick Rosner - IQ 192

Smart people of modernity: Harry Casparov - IQ 190

The smartest people in the world: Sir Andrew Wiles - IQ 170

The smartest people in the world: Judit Polgar - IQ 170

The most intelligent people of the planet: Mislav prevented - IQ 192

The smartest people in the world: Christopher Hirata - IQ 225

The smartest people of the world: Tao Tao - IQ 230

The smartest people in the world: James Woods - IQ 180

Smart Man with High Intelligence Evangelos Katsiiulis - IQ 200

The smartest people in the world: Christopher Langan - IQ 195

One of the geniuses lives in Russia. This is Anatoly Wasserman - IQ 150

The smartest people in the world: Magnus Karlsen - World Chess Champion

Without geniine, the world would not look like today. One brilliant person can change the story, create an amazing art or just to do what we could only dream of. But the irony is that they balanced their talent with sufficiently cruel actions.

Editorial websiteof course, I agree that all people have shortcomings, but these "big brains" seem to have risen to a new level.

Genius in the area: Mathematics and classical physics.

Achievements: Isaac Newton, undoubtedly, the greatest scientist of all time. He managed to invent calculus, find out the nature of gravity and discover the three laws of movement. Most of us are likely to refuse science and worshed in the laurels of Glory, opening at least one of the laws.

What is accused of: malice and vitality.

Do you know whose name "ERS" from Newton's books? Due to hostility and rivalry from science, Robert Guk almost fell. Historians say he was a brilliant scientist, and one of the biographers called him "Englishman da Vinci". GUK and Newton argued whether the light is a particle, and this dispute turned into a vicious enmity.

The situation was aggravated when Newton published the theory of gravity and the law of gravity over which the GUK was also worked on. He shared his research in a letter to Newton. Naturally, Robert suggested that he deserves his share of glory and recognition, but no. Newton was not going to share anything, and his hostility turned into hatred.

After the death of a hammer, Newton as the President of the Royal Society of Sciences destroyed all the tools, paper and even the portrait of the deceased. It is for this reason that there are images of all its members in the Society Collections, except for one.

Genius in the area: Electrical engineering and radio engineering.

Achievements:He became the patron saint of science, the "father" of electricity and the favorite of many. His predictions about the future are so faithful that many think - probably, the guy had a gift of clairvoidance. Despite this, we hope that he was completely wrong in one of theories.

What is accused of: Eugene.

Evgenika is the doctrine of selection of people to preserve the healthiest, beautiful, smart and eliminating imperfect.

Tesla was confident that Eugene would be in fashion by 2100.

1935 year - Nazism is gaining momentum, and Tesla writes forecasts for Liberty magazine. In he, he assumes that mankind needs to "stop doing" infallible people. It did a good job in the past thanks to the survival of the most adapted, but people became softer, and you need to cut out "less desirable strains".

Tesla approved the sterilization of criminals and insane people in some areas. He was sure to control the marriage to only good people matered with each other. By the way, Tesla was never married.

Genius in the area: Information Technology.

Achievements: At Providza Apple. A huge list of achievements and discoveries. While he became the brain for the most popular electronics of the last decades, a computer genius with whom could find a common language.

What is accused of: bad friend, bad boss and bad father.

When Steve was young and worked on Atari, He was given a profitable task. Instead, he forced his friend Steve Waughty to make a project and lied about a monetary remuneration. Wozniak received a small percentage of the fee.

One day, Jobs decided that the staff was too slowly working on the project, so burst into a meeting with such a stream of abnormative vocabulary, which we would not repeat. Working on Pixar, He dismissed people without notice and day off. At the interview, Steve could ask a potential employee whether he was a virgin and worse.

But the home "merit" of Jobs - he was really a bad father, because he did not even recognize his daughter Lisa. The girl lived on the manual, and the businessman enjoyed millions. But we have cool phones, right?

Genius in the area: global politics.

Achievements: Not many people are worthy to become a face of the national currency. Winston Churchill became the face of a 5-pound banknote, he was called the greatest Briton of all time. He was a brilliant leader in wartime and played a decisive role in the victory over the Nazis. What is strange, the views of Churchill are strikingly similar to Hitler's views.

What is accused of: racism, which caused a million deaths.

Churchill was a racist class A. Since he had a lot of power, his racism killed millions of people. It happened when the UK managed India, and Churchill hated the Hindus. He called them "monstrous people with a brutal religion." During hunger, he exported a huge amount of rice, which would help the starving, and even rejected the proposals for the help of India from other countries. As a result, about three million inhabitants were killed.

When he answered Kenya, he created concentration camps in which people were beaten, raped and neutered. He approved the use of poisonous gas, but only against the inhabitants of the Middle East.

Genius in the area: visual arts.

Achievements:One of the most famous artists who ever lived, Picasso with their own style "cubism" changed contemporary art.

What is accused of: a fierce men's lamp.

"He needs blood for those who love him." No, it is not a slogan for emotional drama about vampires. So describes his grandfather Pablo Picasso his granddaughter Marina. She says that the psychological destruction of close women was part of his strange creative process.

Picasso himself did not hesitate these views and officially called women "machines for suffering." He did so that his wives and children materially depended on him. When the parents of Marina parted, he kept her and mother-alcoholic in poverty to teach the lesson. It turns out that they are still lucky. Of the seven significant women in the life of Picasso, two committed suicide and two went crazy.

Being one of the women Picasso meant to watch how he slept with others and treated you as a garbage. He shared women on the goddesses and rags, and, it seems, he liked to turn first second.

Genius in the area: Music and singing.

Achievements: Frank Sinatra has become a cult on the stage thanks to the velvet voice chamber, but outside the scene took out truly terrible things. He could break up in an instant and beat everything that fell at hand or under his feet.

What is accused of: violent temper.

He hit the reporter, but managed to lean the conflict and charged charges. At the Beverly Hills Hotel, Sinatra cast a telephone to one businessman and broke him the skull. He almost killed his wife Ava Gardner, throwing a bottle of champagne in her that she broke the sink in the bathroom.

In the attacks of rage synatra destroyed the insane number of things. He cut a famous picture of Norman Rockwell, threw a faulty TV from the hotel window, broke the priceless vase mines at the Hotel Hong Kong. That's what happens when you get used to everything so that everything is in yours.

Frank Miller

Genius in the area: Drawing comics.

Achievements: Frank Miller is considered one of the greatest comic artists of all time. His works turned Wednesday, once considered a children's, in a full form of art with such works as "Sin City" and "Return of the Dark Knight." Unfortunately, the contradictions also followed Miller for the whole career.

What is accused of: sexism andracism.

In his comics, the cat's cat turns out of an experienced thief in a prostitute, which men beaten. In the "city of sins", almost all women's characters are described as sexual objects for men, and a wonderful woman in his vision does not represent a particularly intellectual character.

But more horrifies the graphic novel Miller "Holy Terror." This is a work about a white superhero, which kills Muslim terrorists in New York. Many critics saw anti-Islamic propaganda in it.

Genius in the area: psychoanalysis.

Achievements:The mental illness has always been a delicate question. At that time, such problems were solved by the standard procedure - imprisonment in the walls of a mental hospital. The idea to prove everything that the mind bothers, was actually a revolutionary psychological idea of \u200b\u200bFreud.

Yes, he seriously believed that sex is the root of all problems. His theories are not perfect, but it is better than connecting the patient to the car battery, hoping that the blow will make the brain work correctly.

What is accused of: a lover of cocaine and other strange treatments.

The problem of new science is that it is almost always an experiment, and errors cannot be excluded. Freud made many bugs in his project "How does the brain work?".

Victorian epoch remembered the "Women's Horsery" epidemic. So one patient of Freud described paralysis of the limbs, a violation of hearing and language, loss of consciousness and hallucinations. Today, doctors would recognize it as neurological dysfunction or epilepsy, but Victorian treatment assumed conversations. Well, the abundant amount of crength oil. So it was like an attempt to fix the broken computer, "smoking" with his hammer.

When Freud could not treat patients with conversations and hypnosis, he argued that they hide something and applied a kind of torture. The scientist pressed his fingers to the sick forehead and asked to report what image appeared in the head. Patients answered something so that the Mountain doctor stopped.

And "Cherry on the cake" - cocaine treatment. With the sincere intention to help, he advised a colleague and friend Cocaine as a way to treat morphine dependence. It does not care that to extinguish the fire by termit containing gasoline. Freud's friend eventually died of drugs.

Genius in the area: Modern theoretical physics.

Achievements:Einstein must be in any list of geniuses. He was great and opened tons of new science. Remember E \u003d MC2. And while leave science aside.

What is accused of: a terrible husband.

There is one person who, who definitely did not keep the scientist - his first long-suffering wife Mileva Maric. Einstein's correspondence with Marich showed that he was cruel with her and two their sons. After their marriage began to collapse, Einstein sent his wife a list of rules that she should execute to save the family.

She still had to wash lingerie and cook breakfast, lunch and dinner, which he ate alone. His house was supposed to be clean, including from his wife at any time. No hint of intimate relationships can not even say until the husband is allowed. Sons should not hear about a daddy a single rude word. It is not surprising that Mileva left her husband-tyrant after a few months.

Genius in the area: Neurobiology and neurophysiology.

Achievements: A graduate of Madrid University José Delgado received the prestigious position of Professor at the University of Yale University. He explored the brain under normal life and pathologies with the help of implanted electrodes. In general, he worked on the control of consciousness.

What is accused of being mockerying animals and people.

In the University of Yale University in the 1950s and 60s, Delgado inserted electrode implants into the brain of primates and used the remote control, which emitted radio frequencies so that the animals could perform complex tasks. Later he put an implant in the brain enraged the bull, which was released into the arena, right on the scientist. With the help of the transmitter, electric incentives forced the animal to dodge. Even unique frames of those years have been preserved:

But the most disturbing of all experiments is a connection of 25 people. In essence, his device influenced the aggression of people, but he sought control over the mind. The scientist loudly stated her terrible things: "We must control the brain electronically. Someday the army and generals will be monitored by electric brain stimulation. "

Most of the fact that the whole world knows and can do today, once was invented by the greatest and brilliant minds of humanity. Artists, alchemists, presidents, physics and commander - the scale of the intellect of these people were able to change the worldview of all mankind and make our lives a little better. These 10 historical personalities are unanimously considered the most intelligent people in history.

Leonardo da Vinci

The life of this genius was saturated with discoveries and research. The Italian Master was born on April 15, 1452 and already in childhood demonstrated unique abilities. Da Vinci was an excellent artist, a chemist and mathematician - a list of his achievements is replenished to this day. Here are just some of his inventions, both real and attributed to it: parachute, bike, tank, spotlight, catapult, telescope and dozens of others, no less futuristic for their time of inventions. In addition, Da Vinci left the world a number of true masterpieces of painting, such as "Jokonda" and "Last Supper".



Alexander the Great

If a person is called "Great" for thousands of years, it means he really deserves it. The hereditary ruler of Macedonia is a small country in the Balkans, managed to gather under his beginning the most powerful army of the world and conquer so much lands as it was not possible to anyone. However, the achievements of the commander were raised by antique philosophers who did not see the greatness of glory in the seizure of new lands. Seneca called Alexander the Unfortunate Man, who he drove into unknown lands a passion for ambition and cruelty and who tried to subjugate everything other than passions, because he had to learn from sciences, "as Mala Earth, whose insignificant part he captured."



Michelangelo

Just like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo was able to achieve incredible heights in art, for which he received recognition even during his lifetime. Michelangelo's frescoes decorated the walls of the best buildings of his era - the author for the first time in history comprehended the architectural space as an artist's canvas. Genius Michelangelo put the imprint not only on the art of revival, but also on the whole further world culture. At the same time, Michelangelo wrote no less wonderful poems. The poetic talent of Michelangelo manifested itself completely at the end of his life. Some of the poems of the Great Masters were laid on the music and already in his life they won considerable popularity, but for the first time his sonnets and Madrigals were published only in 1623. About 300 Michelangelo poems have survived to this day.



William Shakespeare

The first professional playwright in history has established such high level Quality, which remains relevant to this day. Without even the formal university education, Shakespeare created literary masterpieces, which were forever entered the history of mankind. End to us work, including some written in conjunction with other authors, consist of 38 play, 154 sonnets, 4 poems and 3 epitaph. Pieces of Shakespeare are translated into all major languages \u200b\u200band are placed more often than works by other playwrights.



Volter.

Marie Aruhe, a better known at the pseudonym Voltaire, was born in Paris in 1694. He was considered one of the most powerful minds of his time - he left an incredibly prolific legacy consisting of many scientific and philosophical treatises. Throughout his life, Voltaire vigorously defended the difference between natural science and philosophy, which marked the beginning of modern differentiation of sciences.



Galileo Galilei

Engineer, physicist, mechanic, astronomer, philosopher and mathematician Galileo Galilee had an incredibly strong influence on science. The invention of the telescope and discoveries, perfect with its help, contributed to the approval of the Heliocentric system of the world, which Galilei has been actively promoted. In fact, Galiley proved to the world that the earth does not stand still, and together with other planets revolves around the Sun.



Gottfried Leibnits

Gottfried Leibniz is a German philosopher and logic that laid the foundations of modern mathematics. The principles of differential and integral calculus have become basic for all subsequent generations. In 1676, Leibniz founded a new wording of the laws of movement - the dynamics in which first investigated the kinetic energy and its interaction.



Sir Isaac Newton

Powerful intelligence, participation in the affairs of the state and scientific discoveries A global scale - for Sir Isaac Newton no more than ordinary. The mind of Newton worked brilliantly - he outlined the law of world community and three laws of mechanics, which became the basis of classical mechanics, developed differential and integral calculations, the theory of color, laid the foundations of modern physical optics, created many other mathematical and physical theories.



Albert Einstein

The name of Albert Einstein today is actually synonymous with genius. Einstein is the author of more than 300 scientific research works, as well as about 150 books and articles in the field of history and philosophy of science. He developed several significant physical theories, including the famous theory of relativity, within the framework of which first described the interaction of mass and energy in the famous formula E \u003d MC2.



Nikola Tesla

Lady of Liazhnik Nikola Tesla was born in 1856 in Croatia. Its experiments with alternating current laid the foundations of modern electrical engineering. Tesla has developed many devices operating on alternating current, multiphase systems, synchronous generators and asynchronous electric motors, which allowed the so-called the second stage of the industrial revolution.

The smartest people in history. Their work has identified our vision of the world. The results of their intellectual labor are impressive and motivated to engage in science.

• Lao Tzu. China (VI century BC)

"Knowing does not say, saying does not know."
Semi-Land Chinese Thinker, Founder of Taoism.
Lao Tzu is translated as an "old child." According to legend, the mother wore Lao Tzu in the womb of 81 years old, he appeared from her hips.
La Tzu is considered the author of the key treatise of Taoism "Dao de Jing". "Dao" - the path, one of the main categories of Chinese philosophy. "Dao" probably, unnamed, shapeless and immovable. No one, even Lao Tzu, can not give the definition of "Dao". In China, the cult of Lao Tzu, who became memorable as one of the "three pure" - the highest deities of the Taoist Pantheon was formed.

• Pythagoras. Ancient Greece (570-490 BC. E.)

"Numbers rule the world."
Philosopher, mathematician and mystic, creator of the Pythagorean school. According to legend, he had a golden thigh. Herodotus called him the "greatest Allenian sage." Pythagoras 22 years lived in Egypt, 12 years old in Babylon. Was allowed to participate in the sacraments.
According to Pythagora, the basis of things is the number, to know the world - it means to know the rules of the numbers. The famous theorem of Pythagora about the square of the hypotenuses mathematician probably brought from Babylonian, where she was known for 1000 years before him.

• Heraklit. Ancient Greece (544-483 BC. E.)

"Nature loves to hide."
Founder of dialectics. The only work, preserved fragmentary - "On Nature". Heraklita attribute the authorship of the winged phrase "everything flows, everything changes."
Initially, all things philosopher considered fire. All of it happened and constantly resides in a state of change. Leed a secluded lifestyle. Diogen Lanertsky wrote that Heraclit, "having fun, retired and began to live in the mountains, rummaged with her herbs."

• Confucius. China (551 BC- 479 BC)

"If you hate - it means you won."
Ancient Chinese philosopher, whose ideas became the basis for the development of Confucianism - the philosophical system, worldview, public ethics, the scientific tradition of China.
Confucius philosophy has become popular and outside of the consecable, even in Western Europe. In particular, Nicolas Malbransh and Gottfried Labitz wrote about Confucianism. A particularly revered book of this teaching is "Lun Yui" ("Conversations and judgments"), compiled by the students of Confucius on the basis of teacher's statements.

• Parmenid. Ancient Greece (515 BC. E. - OK. 470 BC. E.)

"Think and be - the same thing."
One of the founders of metaphysics and the founder of the Elais school, the mentor of Zenona.
Socrates in the dialogue of Plato "Theette" spoke about Parmenides that he is a "thinker really extraordinary depth." Hegel wrote that the philosophy began with Parmenides in his own sense of the word. " Parmenid believed that the basis is based on being, except for which there is nothing. There is no non-existence, and it is even impossible to think about it, because everything you can think - already exists, but it is impossible to think about what is not. Being is the same and has a shape of the ball.

• Democritus. Ancient Greece (approx. 460 BC. E. - OK. 370 BC. E.)

"Live badly, unreasonable, it is impossible - it means not to live badly, but slowly die."
Democritus was called a "laughing philosopher." He crushed the inheritance to him in the world, for which he was even attracted to the court. However, he was justified when he read the excerpt from his work "Great Mirostroy". Democrite loved to leave people to the cemetery and think there. It was even sent to check his loose of the hippocratic. He not only recognized the democritus sane, but also called him one of the most famous people.
Seneca called a democritus "the most subtle of all thinkers."

• Plato. Ancient Greece (428 or 427 BC. E. - 348 or 347 BC. Er)

"A person is a coolness, bunk, bite, with flat nails, susceptible to knowledge based on reasoning."
Plato - from the word Plato "Latitude". So Plato called his teacher Socrates. The real name of the philosopher aristocals. Was in Persia, Assyria, Phenicia, Babylon, Egypt, and possibly in India. In Athens, Plato founded the philosophical school - the Academy, which existed almost a thousand years. Twice won in Pankration Competitions.
Plato is considered the founder of idealistic philosophy, developed the doctrine of the soul, political and legal teaching, dialectic. He believed in the immortality and resettlement of souls. The most popular works of Plato still have his dialogues. In almost all of them, the main character is Socrates.

• Aristotle. Afterwards Greece (384 BC Stagir, Frakia-322 BC)

"Two years old man learns to speak, and then the rest of his life is to be silent."
Pupil Plato and the teacher Alexander Macedonsky, the founder of the Peripatetic philosophical school, an anata. Aristotle's works covered actually all branches of knowledge.
According to Greek biographers, Aristotle suffered speech defects, there was a "short-legged, with young eyes, wore elegant clothes and a trimmed beard."
Plato and Aristotle, in fact, laid the foundations of the whole world philosophy. All formal logic is still based on the teachings of Aristotle.

• Ptolemy. Alexandria (OK 100 - OK. 170)

"To resist your whims in youth, for in old age you can not correct yourself to fall from them."
Late Hallinististic astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, mechanic, optical, music theorist and geographer. There was no equal in astronomy for 1000 years. In his classical monograph "Almagest" contain almost all knowledge of the astronomical science of his time. Ptolemy - author of the eight-volume labor "Guidelines on Geography", treatises for mechanics, music, optics and astrology, invented astrolabe and quadrant.

• Dam. Roman Empire (204/205 - 270)

"Reset everything."
Do not confuse with Plato. Philosopher idealist, founder of neoplatonism. I brought to the logical completion of the teaching of Plato about the perfect. The main thing in neoplatonism is the doctrine of otherworldness and superwandism originated the universe. According to the dam, the beginning and the basis of the universe is some single - infinite and intangible. The main life task of a person is "reunion with one", which he can do, due to the presence of his own soul. The dam provided a significant impact on medieval philosophy, and especially on the thinkers of the Renaissance.

• Barl. Ancient Greece (412 - 485)

"Any God is a measure of existing."
Philosopher Neoplatonic, head of the Platonic Academy. When camp, neoplatonism reached its last heyday. Alexey Losev put the braced even above the founder of the School of Neoplatonians of the Dam and called him the "genius of reason"; With inconsistency, brought to music, to Paphos, to Ecstasy. The compositions of the barbell, which concerned all aspects of Greek philosophy and science, inherent analyticality and systematicity.

• Al Biruni (973-1048)

"If people knew how much favorable opportunities were scattered around and how many wonderful gifts lurks in themselves, they would forever left despondency and laziness."
Al Biruni was one of the most encyclopedically educated scientists. He mastered almost all the sciences of his time. Only one list of works, filled with his students, is 60 pages in small font.
Al Biruni is the author of numerous capital works on history, geography, philology, astronomy, mathematics, mechanics, geodesy, mineralogy, pharmacology, geology and other sciences. In addition to his native Khorezmian language, Biruni owned Arab, Persian, Greek, Latin, Turkic, Syrian languages, as well as Hebrew, Sanskrit and Hindi.

• Ibn Sina. State of the Samanov, Abbasid Caliphate (980-1037)

"The less often the hand lifts a drinking cup of wine, the stronger in battle and brave and in the case of art."
Avicenna is the most famous and persistent philosopher of the medieval Muslim world, a Persian scientist and a doctor, a representative of Eastern Aristotelism. Total wrote more than 450 works in 29 areas of science, of which only 274 reached us.
Mostly Avicenna became famous for the Niva medicine, writing a lot of treatises on this topic, but also contributed to other sciences. So, he opened the process of distillation of essential oils, wrote work on astronomy, theory of music, mechanics, psychology and philosophy. It also became famous as a poet. In the form of poems, he wrote some scientific work.

• Maimonide (1138-1204)

"Learn to say" I don't know, "and this will be progress."
An outstanding Jewish philosopher and theologians - Talmudist, Rabbi, a doctor and a versatile scientist of his era, a codifier of the laws of the Torah. Maimonide is recognized as a spiritual head of religious Jewry as its generation and subsequent centuries. He left a major contribution to astronomy, mathematics, physics, medicine. The value of the Maymonid is best expressed by a popular phrase: "There was no such Moshe from Moshe to Moshe."

• William Okkak. England (1285-1357)

"I should not multiply the exemption without need."
The English philosopher, Franciscan monk, Okka is considered one of the fathers of modern epistemology and modern philosophy as a whole, as well as one of the greatest logic of all time. The philosophy of Okkam, especially its regulation on the universal, was seriously affected by the development of philosophical thought, and the methodological principle, the so-called "Razor of Okkama", became one of the most popular philosophical centances.

• Nikolay Kuzansky. Sacred Roman Empire (1401-1464)

"Anyone who wishes to rise to the knowledge of something, must be believed to believe that without which he cannot rise."
Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, the largest German thinker of the XV century, the philosopher, theological, scientist-encyclopedist, mathematician, church-political figure. As a philosopher stood on the positions of neoplatonism.
The basis of philosophy was the idea of \u200b\u200bthe unity of opposites in a single, where all the contradictions are leveled. It was told for the versoity, which at that time was not the most popular position, and even recognized as an Islam of some truthfulness and the right to exist. The Kuzansky invented the scattering lens for points, wrote treatises for astronomy, mathematics, philosophy and theology.

• Martilyo Ficino. Italy (1433-1499)

"Any thing in nature is either the cause aimed at us or a consequence coming from us."
Philosopher, Humanist, Astrologer, Founder and Head of the Florentine Platonic Academy. One of the leading thinkers of the early Renaissance, the most significant representative of the Florentine Platonism.
Ficino made a transfer to Latin of all the works of Plato. The main work of Ficino - the treatise "Platonovsky theology about the immortality of the soul." He also engaged in astrology (treatise "about life"), because of what had problems with the clergy. Proceedings Fechino contributed to the revival of Platonism and the fight against scholastic aristothelism.

• Leonardo da Vinci. Florentine Republic (1452-1519)

"When I thought I was learning to live, I learned to die."
"Universal man" of Western Renaissance, genius. Despite the fact that the greatest fame of Da Vinci acquired as an artist, painting he considered the hobby rather, as well as the music and the art of table setting. The main vision of Da Vinci considered engineering. In it, he really achieved great heights, anticipating the development of technology on the century ahead.
Today, in Maskulture, Leonardo is recognized by the inventor almost all that exists. Seriously engaged in the anatomy, Da Vinci made thousands of drawings on the structure of the body, overtaking at 300 years. In many ways, "Anatomy Leonardo" exceeded the famous "Anatomy of Graya".

• Paracels. Swiss Union (1493-1541)

"Everything is poison, and nothing is devoid of poisonousness; Only the dose makes the poison imperceptible. "
Famous Alchemist, astrologer and doctor of Swiss-German origin, one of the founders of Yatrochimia, medical alchemy. Gave the name of the metal zink.
Paracelles considered a man with a microcosm, which reflects all the elements of the macrocosm. In one of his books "Oracles", containing 300 pages and many prophecies for the whole world to the end of the III Millennium, made several sensational predictions.

• Nikolai Copernicus. Poland (1473 -1543)

"I prefer to be content with the faithfulness of what I can vouch."
Polish and Prussian astronomer, mathematician, economist, canonik. Posted the beginning of the first scientific revolution, developing the hypothesis of the heliocentric system of the world. In addition, Copernicus one of the first expressed the thought of global.
The main work of Copernicus - "On the rotation of the heavenly spheres". Cookie classes and astronomy Copernicus combined with work in the field of economic theory and medical practice, which was engaged in voluntary principles.

• Izhak Luria. Ottoman Empire (1534-1572)

"... and squeezed the light, and retired,
Leaving a free one, no filled space.
And uniform was the compression of the light around the central point,
So that the place of the empty form of the circle acquired,
Since there was such a reduction in light ...
And so, stretched from the endless light the ray of the straight
From top to bottom went down, inside the space of the empty.
Stretched, going down on the beam, light endless down,
And in the space empty, all completely worlds created ... "
Jewish theologian, Rabbi, the creator of the so-called Lurian Kabbalah. On Hebrew, Luria is usually abbreviated called Ari ("Bleswolved his memory").
The Lurian Kabbalah, created by Ari, is the basis of both Sephardian Kabbalah from the XVI century and the Hasid Kabbalah, which appeared in the XVIII century. Almost all modern kabbalistic directions are studying Lurian Kabbalah. In addition to the class of Kabbalah, Luria also was engaged in poetry and science. Some believe that in the above poem Luria described the process of the emergence of the Universe from the Big Explosion.

• Jordan Bruno. Neoptalian kingdom (1548-1600)

"Fear of death is worse than death."
Italian monk-Dominican, Pantheist, Poet and philosopher. Bruno tried to interpret the ideas of Copernicus, while taking the position of neoplatonism in the spirit of revived naturalism. Bruno expressed scientific theories, who outlined time. That in the universe there are many similar to the sun stars, about unknown in his time planets Solar system.
Jordano Bruno possessed magnificent memory and developed memononik, remembered by heart of thousands of books, ranging from the Holy Scriptures and ending with Arabic alchemical treatises. The art of mnemonics he taught Henry III and Elizabeth I.

• John di. England (1527-1609)

"Willion God, I am a circle, in whose hands twelve kingdoms. Six breath of life breath. The rest of the sharp sickles or the horns of death. "
Mathematician, geogram, astronomer, alchemist, hermethylast and astrologer. John Dee was one of the most educated people of his time, he had the biggest library in England. In 1561, he supplemented and expanded the famous book in mathematics Robert Record "Basics of Arts".
In 1564, confirmed his status of the "Great Wizard", making his most famous and ambitious book on Kabbalah and Geometric Magic, entitled Monas Hieroglyphica. According to the diaries of John De Gustav Mairink wrote the novel "Angel of the Western Window". Some authors are attributed to John Di authorship of the hoax, known as "Waruscript".

• Francis Bacon. England (1561-1626)

"Knowledge is power".
Bacon is one of the most prominent universal scientists. Philosopher, politician, historian, founder of English materialism, empiricism. Bacon was the first thinker, based on the philosophy of which lay experienced knowledge. They were drawn up the arch of English laws; He worked on the history of the country at the Tudor dynasty, over the third edition of "experiments and instructions."
In his utopian novel, "New Atlantis" Bacon anticipated many of the opening of the future, for example, the creation of submarines, improving animal breeds, transmission to the distance of light and sound.

• Johann Kepler. Sacred Roman Empire (1571-1630)

"I prefer a sharp criticism of one smart person than the mindless approval of the masses."
German mathematician, astronomer, mechanic, optical, discoverer of the laws of motion of the planets of the solar system. Albert Einstein called Kepler "incomparable man." Indeed, Kepler practical alone, without taking care, neither understanding, made a lot of discoveries both in astronomy and in mathematics, physics, mechanics and optics, seriously engaged in astrology, believing, however, she is "a stupid daughter of astronomy."

• Mikhail Sandilogo. Common Commonwealth (1566-1646)

"If you ask who I am: I am a cosmopolitan, a citizen of the world. If you are familiar with me and want to remain good and noble people, save my name in secret. "
The greatest Polish Alchemist "The Epoch of RosNiscers", which owned the secret of transmutation, the author of many alchemical works. In addition to Alchemy, he also practiced medicine and even treated King Sigismund III, who also had a diplomatic adviser. He was a court alchemist in the emperor of the Sacred Roman Empire of Ferdinand III. In the book "New Chemical Light ..." Sandilized first described oxygen.
The fame of the Sandivogy gave rise to folk legends - to this day in his hometown, according to the eve of each new year, his ghost appears on the market square.

• Rene Descartes. France (1569-1650)

"I think, therefore, I exist."
Descartes - philosopher, mathematician, mechanic, physicist and physiologist, creator of analytical geometry and modern algebraic symbolism, author of a method of radical doubt in philosophy, mechanism in physics, continuity of reflexology and the theory of affect. The great Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov set a monument to Descartes near his laboratory, considering it his predecessor.

• Pierre Farm. France (1601-1665)

"Nature always acts shortest ways."
One of the creators of analytical geometry, mathematical analysis, the theory of probabilities and the theory of numbers. By profession, Pierre Farm was a lawyer, he was an adviser to Parliament in Toulouse. The oldest and most prestigious lyceum of this city wears the name of the scientist.
The farm was brilliantly formed, knew many languages. Including the ancients, on which even wrote poems. The most famous formulation of the Great Farm Theorem. It was finally proved was only in 1995 Andrew Walt. The text of the proof contains 129 pages.

• Gottfried Leibniz. Sacred Roman Empire (1646-1716)

"Currently fraught with the future."
Creator of combinatorics and founder of mathematical logic, philosopher, logic, mathematician, mechanic, physicist, lawyer, historian, diplomat, inventor and linguistic. Leibniz founded the Berlin Academium of Science and was its first president. Regardless of Newton, he created a mathematical analysis, described the binary number system, formulated the law of conservation of energy and introduced into the mechanics the concept of "alive force" (kinetic energy).
Leibniz also invented the arithmometer, introduced into the psychology the concept of "small perceptions", developed the doctrine of the unconscious mental life. He also inspired Peter to develop the concept of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Russian king even appointed a Leibnitsa award in 2000 Guldenov.

• Isaac Newton. England (1642-1727)

"Genius is the patience of thought focused in a well-known direction."
Isaac Newton is one of the greatest scientists in history. Physicist, mathematician, mechanic and astronomer, one of the creators of classical physics. Chief Labor - "Mathematical Beginning of Natural Philosophy". In it, he outlined the law of world community and the three laws of mechanics that became the basis of classical mechanics. Developed a differential and integral calculation, color theory, laid the foundations of modern physical optics, created many other mathematical and physical theories.
Newton entered the ward of Lords, regularly attended her meetings, but was silent. Once he still asked the words. Everyone expected to hear a grandiose speech, but Newton in the coffin silence proclaimed: "Gentlemen, I ask to close the window, otherwise I can catch a cold!".

• Mikhail Lomonosov. Russia (1711-1765)

"If you do what good, you will with difficulty, work will hurt, and the good will remain good, but if you make that thin with granting, the secretion will continue, and the thin will remain."
First Russian scientist naturalist of world importance, encyclopedist, chemist, physicist, astronomer, instrument-making, geographer, metallurgist, geologist, poet, artist, historian. The contribution of Lomonosov to various sciences cannot be overestimated. He opened the presence of an atmosphere at Venus, laid the foundations of the glass science, developed a molecular-kinetty theory of heat, a corpuscular theory, engaged in the research of electricity, determined the course of the development of the Russian language.

• Immanuel Kant. Prussia (1724-1804)

"Wise can change the opinion; Fool - never.
The ancestor of German classical philosophy, one of the greatest thinkers of the XVIII century, which has enormous influence on the development of philosophy.
Even at the punctual Germans, the tendency of Kant to the discipline and the routine routine of the day was the arrival in the panels. On the walking on Koenigsberg, the Kant twisted the clock.
In addition to the philosophy, Kant has been engaged in natural sciences. He developed a cosmogonical hypothesis of the origin of the solar system from the giant initial gas nebula, outlined the idea of \u200b\u200bthe genealogical classification of the animal world, put forward the idea of \u200b\u200bnatural origin of human races, studied the role of tides and sings.

• Johann Goethe. Sacred Roman Empire (1749-1832)

"All fathers want their children to implement what they failed themselves."
Goethe today is known mainly as a brilliant writer and poet, but he was also a prominent scientist. He stood at the origins of physiognomy, seriously engaged in chromatics (science on paints and flowers), chemistry, botany and biology. Goethe wrote a lot of work on philosophy, geology, astronomy, literature and art. 14 of the 133 volumes of the Complete Work of Works Goethe devoted to scientific topics.

• James Maxwell. Scotland (1831-1879)

"... for the development of science is required in every given era not only so that people think at all, but that they concentrate their thoughts on that part of the extensive field of science, which at this time requires development."
Maxwell is a physicist-theoretical and mathematician who laid the foundations of electrodynamics, which created the theory of electromagnetic waves and photolasticity. He came up with the color photo printing method and was one of the founders of molecular physics. In addition to physics and mathematics, also made a great contribution to astronomy and chemistry.

• Dmitry Mendeleev. Russia (1834-1907)

"To burn oil, it is like to turn the stove to the assignments."
Russian da Vinci, the brilliant father of the periodic table of elements, Mendeleev was a versatile scientist and a public figure. So, he made a significant and invaluable contribution to petroleum activities. Thanks to Mendeleev, Russia was able to not only refuse to export kerosene from America, but also to export petroleum products to Europe. Mendeleev highlighted the Nobel Prize three times, but he did not receive it.

• Nikola Tesla. Austrian Empire (1856-1943)

"You know the expression" above your head you will not jump? " It's a delusion. A person can do everything. "
Tesla was called "a man who invented the XX century". Already the early work was laid down the path of modern electrical engineering, its discoveries had innovative significance. In the United States, the fame of Tesla could compete with any inventor or scientist in history or popular culture. Genius Tesla was a special property. The inventor always wanted good, but created instruments capable of destroying humanity. So, studying the resonant oscillations of the Earth, the inventor created the device actually provoking the earthquake.

• Albert Einstein. Germany (1879-1955)

"What a sad era, when it is easier to break the atom than refuse to prejudice."
Einstein is one of the most famous and popular scientists, theoretics physicist, one of the founders of modern theoretical physics, the Nobel Prize winner in 1921 physics.
Einstein is the author of more than 300 scientific works on physics, as well as about 150 books and articles in the field of history and philosophy of science, author of the general and special theories of relativity, laid the foundations of quantum theory and stood at the origins of the new theory of gravity in return for Newtonian.

• Karl Gustav Jung. Switzerland (1875-1961)

"All that does not suit us in others, makes it possible to understand ourselves."
Jung - Student Sigmund Freud, in many ways exceeded his teacher, the founder of analytical psychology. It was Jung that introduced into the psychology of the concept of introversion and extroversion to determine the type of identity orientation, the associative method of psychotherapy developed, the teaching about the collective unconscious, the theory of archetypes, made a big breakthrough in the theory of interpretation of dreams.

• Niels Bohr, Denmark (1885-1962)

"If you the quantum physics I did not scare, it means that you did not understand anything. "
The laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physics, Nils was a member of the Danish Royal Society and his president since 1939. He was an honorary member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.
Bor - the creator of the first quantum theory of the atom and an active participant in the development of the foundations of quantum mechanics. Also, he made a significant contribution to the development of the theory of the atomic nucleus and nuclear reactions, the processes of the interaction of elementary particles with the medium.

• Werner Geisenberg. Germany (1901-1976)

"The first sip of a glass of natural science makes an atheist, but God expects at the bottom of the glan."
Heisenberg is a great physicist theorist, one of the creators of quantum mechanics. Laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physics 1932. Heisenberg laid the foundations of matrix mechanics, formulated the ratio of uncertainty, applied the formalism of quantum mechanics to the problems of ferromagnetism and an abnormal effect of Zeeman. A number of his works are also devoted to the physics of cosmic rays, the theory of turbulence, philosophical problems Natural science.
During World War II, Geisenberg was the leading theorist of the German nuclear project.

Every day we encounter thousands of people on the street. They go on their affairs, talk to each other. They have the most common, typical appearance, they do not stand out. But it is only at first glance. How to know, suddenly there are people among passersby, which is approaching 200? This article will tell about geniuses whose mental abilities are phenomenal.

Development of intellect

Turn to the story. In the early stages of development, humanity did not differ in large intellectual abilities. All stood about one level of development, so the level of intelligence was almost the same.

The emergence and development of science, culture and religion led to the bundle of society, depending on mental abilities. There were so-called geniuses, people, far exceeding their contemporaries for development and abilities.

The concept of "the smartest person on Earth" was established in the value system of society much later, when scientists began to be engaged in the studies of the human mind. So, in accordance with the studies carried out, children, parents play, and not other relatives from older generations (grandfathers, grandparents), are developing faster than their peers. The overwhelming part of the abilities is transmitted from the mother, and 20% of them depend on the environment in which the child lives and grows.

An interesting fact is the average IQ of women and men coincides and is equal to 120 points, but at the same time among representatives of strong sex, there is a greater number of radical manifestations of mental abilities: genius and stupidity.

Intelligence estimates

To determine who deserves the title "The most intelligent person on Earth", the researchers helps the test system for the IQ level. To decipher this abbreviation in Russian language can be as follows - this is the intellectual development coefficient.

Studies of scientists in this area began since the 30s of the last century. Initially, they were not embodied in the shape of the test. These were experiments whose goal was to establish communication between human and different species Human reactions, dependence of the mental development of children from the genetic inheritance of their parents.

Later, the smartest man on Earth began to be determined using special IQ tests. At the current stage of development, they consist of various mathematical tasks in which it is necessary to determine the pattern and restore the sequence of numbers, find "excess" geometric shapewhich does not fit this row, etc.

It should be noted that IQ tests are often not objective, as they should be calculated for a certain age of the recipient. If there are no instructions in age, the test can give false results. It is also believed that such a method for determining the level of intelligence cannot provide reliable information also because it contains many similar tasks, the solution of which can be brought to automatism.

Brilliant Russian

Our country has always been famous for gifted people, so it is not surprising that a phenomenon was born on her expanses, the smartest man on Earth. This is Grigory Perelman. He fully devoted his life to mathematical research. But its uniqueness consists not only in the incredible level of intelligence. This person does not seek fame, so most often refuses to journalists in an interview. It does not need premiums and all confessions of his talent. Perelman does not even care much about his appearance. The main goal of him is the classes of mathematics, calculations on complex formulas. That is the smartest person on earth. Photo does not find it in the newspapers, because the true scientist does not need recognition.

The smartest man in the world

It is impossible not to say about who became a real phenomenon. In the history of mankind - this is an American with the Ukrainian roots William Sidis. He was born in 1898 in New York and hit the surrounding uncommon abilities since the one and a half year old age. At 18 months he managed to read the Times newspaper, and at the age of eight years was already the author of four books, among whom was a serious scientific monograph dedicated to the human anatomy.

W. Sidis is one of the youngest Harvard students, sowing to enter this prestigious educational institution at 11 years old. By 1912, the young man had already read lectures on the highest mathematics in one of the circles of this university. He was referred to him a magnificent future in mathematical research.

The smartest child

Among children are also found geniuses that exhibit outstanding talents at an early age. In 2007, thanks to some authoritative tests on the level of intelligence, the most intelligent person on Earth was determined - the 3-year-old girl Eliza Tan-Roberts. She became the youngest member of the Mensa Club in the UK from the date of its foundation. Its IQ is equal to 156 points, while the Great Albert Einstein has only four units above this indicator.

Prospects of geniuses

The smartest person on earth will never have difficulty with a job. Progressive specialists in technical spheres are needed to each enterprise, including military-industrial complexes of different countries.

Another option for building a career for geniuses is the creation of theoretical treatises, textbooks and monographs intended for systematization of knowledge from various science areas.