The most closed people. From Lenin to Gorbachev: Encyclopedia biographies

03.08.2020

Yuri Dmitrievich Maslyukov (1937-2010) - Soviet and Russian state and politician, member of the Political Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee (1989-1990), First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1988-1990), First Deputy Chairman of the Government of Russia (1998-1999).

Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1986-1991, a candidate for members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1988-1989), a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee (1989-1990). Deputy of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 11 convocating (1984-1989) from the Mordovian ASSR, a deputy of the State Duma of Russia from the second to the fifth convocations (1995-2010). In 1981, the military rank of stock captain was awarded.

Yuri Dmitrievich Maslyukov was born on September 30, 1937 in the Tajik city of Leninabad in the family of Shofera. Father died at the front during the Great Patriotic War.

Until 1957 he studied at the Higher Artillery Engineering School in Leningrad, in 1962 he graduated from the Leningrad Mechanical Institute (Qualification - "Mechanic Engineer").

In 1962-1970, he worked as an engineer, head of the department, chief engineer of the Izhevsk Research Institute of Engineering Institute.

In 1970-1974 he was the chief engineer - Deputy Director of the Branch No. 1 of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant.

In 1974-1979 - Head of the Main Technical Department of the USSR Ministry of Defense Industry.

In 1979-1982 - Deputy Minister of Defense Industry of the USSR.

In 1982-1985 - First Deputy Chairman of the USSR of the USSR.

In 1985-1988 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Member of the elimination of the consequences of the catastrophe at the Chernobyl NPP. Chairman of the military-industrial commission of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1985-1991).

In 1988-1990, the First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the USSR, Chairman of the USSR.

In 1991 - Deputy Prime Minister of the USSR, Chairman of the State Military Industrial Commission of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR.

In 1992, established the Institute for Defense Studies and led them until 1995. He was the general director of YuTrasstinvest JSC.

In 1995, he headed the Committee on the Economic Policy of the State Duma of Russia. Left work in the State Duma and entered the government.

From July to August 1998 - Minister of Industry and Trade Russian Federation.

In 1998-1999 (before the resignation of the Government of Primakov) was the first deputy chairman of the Russian government. It is known that Yeltsin offered Maslyukov to head the government, but he refused, stating that she was ready to work first at Prime Minister Primakov.

In December 1999, he was elected a deputy of the State Duma of Russia at a single-member district No. 28 (Udmurtia), in 2000 he became Chairman of the State Duma Committee for Industry, Construction and Healthy Technologies. In the same year, he was elected chairman of the Union of Manufacturers of Oil and Gas Equipment. On April 3, 2002, he was removed from the post of Chairman of the Committee. On this day, the State Duma decided to remove members and supporters of the Communist Party from leadership with 6 committees and the Mandate Commission.

In December 2003, he was elected a deputy of the State Duma on the CPRF list, a member of the Committee on Budget and Taxes. In 2007, he was again elected to the State Duma under the Federal Cup of the Communist Party, he became the chairman of the State Duma Industry Committee.

In 2008, he was elected co-chairman of the Commission of the State Duma to consider expenses aimed at ensuring the defense and state security of the Russian Federation.

In 2009, he was part of the Parliamentary Commission to investigate the circumstances related to the emergence of an emergency in Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP.

Son Maslyukova, 39-year-old Dmitry, died in a car accident in 1999 near St. Petersburg.

In September-October 2012, an exhibition dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Maslyukova was held at the Museum of Modern History of Russia in Moscow.

October 1, 2013 in the Baltic State technical University "Warmeters" them. D.F. Ustinova took place a solemn discovery of the nominal audience of Yuri Dmitrievich Masyukov.

Awards

Order of Lenin (09/29/1987)
Order of the October Revolution
Order of Labor Red Banner
Order "Honor Sign"
Honorary Government of the Russian Federation (1997) -
Honorary Government of the Russian Federation (1999) - for merits to the state and many years of conscientious work
Honorary Government of the Russian Federation (2002) - for many years of fruitful state activities
Gratitude of the Government of the Russian Federation (2007) - for long-term and fruitful state activities

Yuri Dmitrievich Maslyukov (1937-2010) - Soviet and Russian statesman, Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1989-1990), First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1988-1990), First Deputy Chairman of the Government of Russia (1998-1999). Since 2007, Chairman of the State Duma Committee for Industry.

Yuri Dmitrievich Masyukov - First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR
February 5, 1988 - December 26, 1990
Prime Minister: Nikolai Ivanovich Ryzhkov
Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU September 20, 1989 - July 14, 1990
First Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation
September 11, 1998 - May 12, 1999
Prime Minister: Evgeny Maksimovich Primakov
Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation (July 23, 1998 - September 11, 1998)
Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR (1988 - 1991)
Party: CPSU since 1966
Education: Leningrad Mechanical Institute, Leningrad Higher Engineering Artillery School
Birth: September 30, 1937
Leninabad, Tajik SSR, USSR
Death: April 1, 2010
Moscow Russian Federation

Yuri Dmitrievich Maslyukov Born on September 30, 1937 in the Tajik city of Leninabad in the family of Shofera. Father died at the front during the Great Patriotic War.

Until 1957 Yuri Maslyukov He studied at the Higher Artillery Engineering School in Leningrad, in 1962 he graduated from the Leningrad Mechanical Institute (Qualification - "Mechanic Engineer").
In 1962-1970 Yuri Maslyukovhe worked as an engineer, head of department, chief engineer of the Izhevsk Research Institute of Engineering Institute.
In 1970-1974 Yuri Maslyukovhe was the chief engineer - Deputy Director of the Branch No. 1 of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant.

In 1974-1979 Yuri Maslyukov- Head of the Main Technical Department of the Ministry of Defense Industry of the USSR.
In 1979-1982 - Deputy Minister of Defense Industry of the USSR.
In 1982-1985 Yuri Maslyukov- First Deputy Chairman of the USSR.

In 1985-1988 Yuri Maslyukov- Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Member of the elimination of the consequences of the catastrophe at the Chernobyl NPP. Chairman of the military-industrial commission of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1985-1991).
In 1988-1990, the First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the USSR, Chairman of the USSR.
In 1991. Yuri Maslyukov- Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the State Military Industrial Commission of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR.

In 1992, established the Institute for Defense Studies and led them until 1995. He was the general director of YuTrasstinvest JSC.
In 1995, he headed the Committee on the Economic Policy of the State Duma of Russia.
After the 1998 default, left a job in the State Duma and entered the government of E. Primakov.
From July to August 1998 - Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation.

In 1998-1999 (before the resignation of the government) was the first deputy chairman of the Russian government.

In December 1999, he was elected a deputy of the State Duma of Russia at a single-member district No. 28 (Udmurtia), in 2000 he became Chairman of the State Duma Committee for Industry, Construction and Healthy Technologies. In the same year, he was elected chairman of the Union of Manufacturers of Oil and Gas Equipment. In April 2002, he retired from the post of Chairman of the Committee.

In 2008, he was elected co-chairman of the Commission of the State Duma to consider expenses aimed at ensuring the defense and state security of the Russian Federation.

Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1986-1991, a candidate for members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1988-1989), a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee (1989-1990). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 11 convocating (1984-1989), deputy of the State Duma of Russia from the second to the fifth convocations (1995-2010).

Son Yu. D. Maslyukov died In the car accident in 1999.
He died on April 1, 2010. He was buried on the Trojeurov cemetery.

Awards
* The order of Lenin
* Order of the October Revolution
* Order of the Red Banner
* Order "Honor Sign"
* Honorary Government of the Russian Federation (1997) - For merits to the state and many years of conscientious work
* Honor Government of the Russian Federation (1999) - For merits to the state and many years of conscientious work
* Honor Government of the Russian Federation (2002) - For many years of fruitful state activities
* Gratitude Government of the Russian Federation (2007) - for many years and fruitful state activities

Masyukov Yuri Dmitrievich

(09/30/1937). Member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee from 09/20/1989 to 07/13/1990. Candidate of members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU from 02/18/1988 to 09/20/1989, a member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1986-1991. Member of the CPSU since 1966

Born in Leninabade Tajik SSR in the workshop family. Russian. In 1955 - 1957 He studied at the Leningrad Higher Artillery Engineering School. Since 1957, a student of the Leningrad Mechanical Institute, after the end of which in 1962 he worked as an engineer, senior engineer, Deputy Head of the Department, Chief Engineer - First Deputy Director for the Scientific Work of the Izhevsk Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense Industry of the USSR. In 1970 - 1974 Chief Engineer - Deputy Director of the Branch No. 1 of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant of the Ministry of Defense Industry of the USSR. Since 1974, the head of the main technical department, a member of the board of the Ministry of Defense Industry of the USSR. Since 1979, Deputy Minister of Defense Industry of the USSR. In 1982, he was appointed First Deputy Chairman of the USSR. In November 1985 - February 1988, Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Member of the elimination of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl NPP. In February 1988 - December 1990, First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, at the same time in February 1988 - April 1991, Chairman of the USSR. In March 1990 - September 1991, the member of the Presidential Council of the USSR. In the spring of 1990, was intended to resign due to disagreements with N. I. Ryzhkov. Different independence, solid character. 03/13/1990 at the meeting N. I. Ryzhkov, when it became known about the decision of the session of the Supreme Council of Lithuania about the exit from the USSR, angrily pounced on E. A. Shevardnadze, who was very calmly perceived this news: "What do you say how You can safely react! These are adventurers, nationalists to the bone's brain. There were traitors, policemen, and you take them under defense ... "04/14/1990 G. At the joint meeting of the Presidential Council and the Council of the Federation, made a report on the program" On the program of transition to the regulated market economy in the USSR ", but as some participants noticed , reported without mental lifting. To the question of which forecast of the proposed program, he answered that this was impossible to predict, but it is clear that the population reaction will be negative. In January - November 1991, Deputy Prime Minister of the USSR, Chairman of the State Military Industrial Commission of the USSR. Disabled from these posts in connection with the liquidation of the USSR Council of Ministers. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 11th convocation. He was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Labor Red Banner, the Order of the "Honor Sign", medals. After the collapse of the USSR was engaged in consulting activities in the financial and industrial sector. In September 1992, he became one of the founders of the joint-stock company of the military-industrial complex "Fintrast. Financial company". In 1993 - 1994 Leading specialist of the Voronezh industrial and commercial joint-stock association "Sokol", in 1995, General Director of YuTrasstinvest JSC. In December 1995, he was elected a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation of the second convocation on the CPRF list, headed by the Duma Committee on Economic Policy, was a member of the Council of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in the State Duma. In 1997 he was elected a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Communist Party of the Communist Party, despite the fact that it was not formally member of the Communist Party of the Communist Party, after 1993 was not re-registered in one of the regional Communist Party of the Communist Party. In July 1998, he accepted a proposal to take the post of Minister of Industry and Trade in the office S. V. Kiriyenko, which was a violation of the decision taken by the Duma faction of the Communist Party not to delegate its representatives to the government. Bureau IGC of the Communist Party decided: "t. Masyukov did not fulfill the decrees of the Presidium of the Central Committee on the impossibility of entering the current government of the Russian Federation and deserves withdrawn from the Central Committee of the Communist Party, as consciously opposed the party. The Bureau asks to consider the question of the personal responsibility of Maslyukov's Communist at the nearest Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Communist Party ... "began to form a new ministry and the concept of its activities. After the resignation of the Cabinet in August - September 1998, he performed the responsibilities of the Minister, not the sense of the powers of the State Duma deputy. In September 1998, resigned from office and. about. Minister Motivating this decision with refusal and. about. Prime Minister V. S. Chernomyrdin to approve the structure and functions of the Ministry of Industry and Trade developed by it. Returned to the fulfillment of the responsibilities of the deputy and the chairman of the Duma Committee. From September 11, 1998 to May 1999, the First Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation in the office of E. M. Primakov. According to V. A. Motversova, the Government of E. M. Primakov was bourgeois, according to the evaluation of Western political scientists - communist. In October 1998, the head of the Government Commission on Military-Technical Cooperation of the Russian Federation with foreign countries, Chairman of the Commission of the Government of the Russian Federation for protective measures in foreign trade and customs and tariff policy, since November 1998, Chairman of the Commission of the Government of the Russian Federation on World Trade Organization, with December 1998 Governing from the Russian Federation in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Not entered the government of S. V. Stepashina, formed in May 1999, worked as an adviser to the director of the automatic equipment. Academician V. S. Semenikhin. From December 1999, the deputy of the Russian Federation of the Russian Federation of the third convocation was registered at the Communist Party of the Communist Party. Elected to the Izhevian single-mandate district. Chairman of the Duma Committee for Industry, Construction and High Technology. Member of the Coordination Council of the All-Russian Public Movement "People's Patriotic Union of Russia". In September 1998, the Communist Party faction was considered as one of the candidates for the post of prime minister instead of V. S. Chernomyrdin. However, he himself said that without him, "there are many people who can fulfill the duties of the Prime Minister" that the chairman of the government should be a more young man than he, "more movable and easy to rise." Awarded the Honorary Diploma of the Government of the Russian Federation (1999).

Exactly 17 years ago - March 24, 1999 - one of the most significant events in the newest history of the Russian Federation and its foreign policy will occur. Outstanding policies Evgeny Maksimovich Primakov committed legendary " turn over the Atlantic", Demonstrating the world of sovereignty against the background of Yeltsinsky bravery. The independence and professionalization of the decisions were also based on the actions of the government under the guidance of Primakov. The unique experience of the ex-premiere and his associates - Yuri Maslyukova and Viktor Gerashchenko - Provided the conclusion of the country from the abyss in 1998. However, modern financial authorities are those common ideas ignore. Within Moscow Economic Forum The "round table" was held on the discussion of the reform of Primakov-Maslyukov. Discussion participants shared opinions on whether today is possible to apply the experience of the anti-crisis government of the default times and under what conditions a new reversal can take place towards the real sector of the economy. Details - in the material

Experts who participated in the discussion, a voice confirmed about the need for as soon as possible. Such a need, in the opinion of the meeting participants, has grumbled. However, now the financial block of the government is not in a hurry to lift such calls. Moreover, for the refusal to apply reforms that can stabilize the economy in the country, and for the blind following the instructions of the "Western partners" Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation Alexey Ulyukayev was awarded m.eino Stolypin I degree(As noted, "For merits in solving the strategic objectives of the socio-economic development of the country and many years of conscientious work"). "Merit", really outstanding.

Over the past two years, speculators, "rustling" by the will of "conscientious" monetary authorities have extracted the gigantic super-profits due to the impairment of the ruble and jumps in the foreign exchange market in the amount of order 50 billion dollars. Such data led the adviser to the President of the Russian Federation, academician Sergey Glazov. According to him, the interest of influential players in monetary and financial speculation prevents to turn towards the real sector of the economy, which was made in 1998.

Then the Government of Primakov, Maslyukov and Gerashchenko made real "economic miracle"By refusing to do what the economic unit actively applies today. "That period is very similar to the currently sharp devaluation of the ruble, jumping inflation. The economy was in the stog inflationary trap. We were recommended from Washington to do what is being done today in Russia. Inflation has been settled then in 20% per month. Offered not to introduce any currency restrictions. , All to pay to the element of the market in the calculation that everything returns to balance, and by the influx of foreign investment, our economy will again go up. The then the government and the Central Bank did the other on the contrary - they did not raise interest rates, introduced currency restrictions by fixing currency positions Commercial banks did not limit loans ... Preventing raising raising tariffs with large monopolies was taken. Measures were implemented, and we received an economic miracle. " - commented Glazyev.

The "anti-crisis" Government of 1998 demonstrated a simple example of achieving stabilization, having dramatically increasing the number of credit, ensuring the growth of industry with a pace of more than 2% per month and a decrease in inflation three times. That today prevents the ideas that the government has introduced, it is not clear, the economist noted.

Absence professionalism and qualifications The central characters of today's office are one of the barriers. At the time of the Devaluation of 2014, the authorities could apply the mechanisms of stabilization of the ruble exchange rate, and we would get the same effect that was obtained at the time, I explained the glaze. Instead, the country received an increase in loans rates, which made it impossible import substitution and development of production in general.

"Now introduce the ideas of the Government of Primakov and Maslikov is much more difficult, since we are seeing decqualification processes. The situation 18 years ago was another, industry was still workableThough it suffered from underfunding, there were footsteps. It is necessary to build the entire vertical: now it is chosen by personal loyalty, but there is no management qualification. This is a terrible problem, it can be comprehensively solved. Masyukov and Primakov relied on professionals, the Government's task is to solve economic problems in such a way as to change the attitude of society to the government. That they did ",- Commented on the State Duma deputy, Deputy Chassis of the Central Committee Nikolay Kolomaites.

He stressed that this very qualification of the government of that time was not to occupy.

"Masyukov passed all the steps to the Chairman of the State Master, led the largest MIC. Primakov was a diplomat, academician. The trinity arose when they were united by the tech, a planner and a financier. Today there is not a single minister, except for the Kolokoltsev, the leading industry, in which he worked ... Even if today lift today the question of nationalization, to implement it, you need to have a strong political will and pre-selected people capable of doing this ", - expressed the opinion of the parliamentarian.

However, the deputy of the State Duma Oksana Dmitrieva He led an example of a successful "introduction" of the official without adequate qualifications. So, she called a successful parish Sergey Shoigu. In the leadership of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. According to her, he managed to establish the situation in the sphere, which seemed to be irreversible, and even bring financial order in the department.

Government Primakov, Maslikova and Gerashchenko was not only a government professionals, but also of these Germans, noted the participants of the discussion. However, from participation high level Professionals - the state in solving national objectives, the country refused, which led to an unstable economy. Today, ideas that were born then improving, but not in Russia's space.

It interferes with the fact that the fifth wave of Gaidarovsev is in power, continued Kolomomites. "Over the past 18 years, we actually furnished by traps of laws that contradict each other. During this time, a law on technical regulation, which sent us to" Nowhere "on competitiveness. For today, monetization is 44.7% of GDP, which makes senseless talk about Development of the country. In addition, the main problem of the crisis is the lack of access to financial resources producing industries ", Said the deputy.

Over the past two years, gold and foreign exchange reserves have decreased by 45%, and over the past year, the volume of capital exported from Russia was estimated at $ 220 billion. "In addition to speculators and crooks, no one caught", - noted Kolomomites.

Against this background, the resources from the real sector in the virtual sector are coming, in continuation of the topic, the State Duma Deputy Oksana Dmitriev noted. "Our financial authorities managed to ensure the decline in the economy and the growth of unemployment against the background of strong devaluation, which in itself is a factor in economic growth and huge financial reserves and opportunities. This is a crisis without bankruptcies, a crisis against the background of an unprecedented profit and huge accumulation of funds on bank deposits of legal entities. Persons. This means that the economy is simply bathed in money. And it is necessary to assume that the possible additional issue will go there. This is the crisis of the absolute apathy of business, state management and the population, " - explained Dmitriev.

Overcome this crisis can experience the reforms of Primakov-Masyukov. Thus, the participants of the discussion focused on the fact that the restoration of the economy is impossible without establishing hard course Rubble. "The financial sector today gives the industrial sector of the economy," - said in the course round Table. the ex-chairman of the State Committee of the USSR on Standards Georgy Kolmogorov. He also declared the need to revive the system state planning.

"Today this principle does not exist. We replaced planning by market relations. Who said that when planning it is impossible to behave? The leading countries of the world with highly developed economies are planning: Japan - for 20-30 years, USA, Europe - 10-15 years ahead . It is necessary to restore Lamin", - considers a specialist.

In addition, Kolomomites added, it is necessary to return to industry control and tear away from the dollarization of the economy. "In addition, it is necessary to limit the appetites of monopolists. It is necessary to adopt the law on the central bank and five basic structural banks on the revival of Russia," He stressed.

It was also said about the importance of restoring the interaction of all elements of the market system.

"The condition in which the Primakov worked in 1998 does not meet the criteria of similarity ... We entered the conflict with the metropolis of world capitalism and wanted to create their capitalism. It is impossible, it's stupid to build it. It was possible in a separate country to build socialism, cooperating, but now all This system has no prospects. We are in a cold civil War values. All institutions are previously collapsed, and new ones are not created. There was deindustrialization, deep archaicization not only in the economy, but also in the consciousness of people, "- Expressed the opinion russian scientist Sergey Kara-Murza.

In addition, the positive shift in the country's economy will not work, if it is publicly not called the culprits of the current situation. "Any problem has a surname, name and patronymic. 70% of the final owners in Russia are foreign and offshore companies. Why does the export of capital can not stop Mrs. Nabiullina, nor our president? Because these people take out their money from here. Exports in 2014 The year amounted to more than 500 billion dollars, according to WTO - 1 trillion 150 billion dollars. Where is the difference that this is for money? This is smuggling, dumping, laundering, non-payment of taxes. It is necessary to go to the perpetrators to come true, otherwise nothing will happen. But the Central Bank refuses because after that the Central Bank will not ",- noted in turn academician RAS, Doctor of Economics Vasily Simcher.

Experts are confident: sooner or later the experience of the "Big Troika" - Primakov, Masyukov and Gerashchenko - will have to generalize.

The issue of the significance of the primakov and team of reforms in one way or another was discussed at 38 thematic sites of the Moscow Economic Forum, reminded the commentary of the discussion moderator, Economist, publicistYuri Boldrev. "Taxes, loans, Central Bank, customs policy, organization of public administration, poverty and inequality - all this is discussed in more detail on discussions. In history there is a precedent, when their ideas were in demand. No other way to capitalize the country after the 1998 default was impossible. Our the problem is only one - the problem of political willSo that the current Union of the Oligakhat power turned to his ideological opponents - to us. This is not separately the Communists, Oksana Dmitrieva or the "Party Party", but the creation of the community ",- said the expert.

It is important that this discussion becomes and against the background of the upcoming elections to the State Duma, he is sure. "The State Duma is responsible for the chairman of the government, the chapter of the Central Bank, the head of the Accounts Chamber, taxes, budgets. We will have reformatting of the socio-economic unit of extended powerWith which everyone is unhappy, which we will choose in the fall ... If we had ahead of the presidential election, I would say that the whole problem is in the absence of political will of the president. But now there is no threat over the president. We must make every effort to change the economic unit to alternative. And then you can try to put pressure on the ruler. When the time comes, we will raise the question of the adequacy or insufficiency of the political will of the head of state. The question "to do or not" is not a question of rational choice or worldview, it is a matter of moral choice ", - summed up Boldyrev.

One of the iconic proposals of the participants in the discussion platform was the appeal to the organizers about the possibility of name to the Moscow Economic Forum of Evgeny Maximovich Primakov and Yuri Dmitrievich Masyukov.

Today, when reports of criminal wars are not going from the pages of newspapers, about the murder of a Jap, about the injury of Grandfather Hassan, the young generation has a feeling that there are no heroes in the country. Oligarchs and criminals, teedivities and glamorous characters merge into an endless series of heroes of false, foam history. Unfortunately, often this foam hides from the eyes of the people of the real, the very ridge on which Russia stands and stood. These people are invisible and not inclined to any kind of external effects, however, they are the same heroes of our time, the life of which should be an example of serving the Motherland and awareness of their civil debt. So I was and Yuri Dmitrievich Masyukov, the name of which today says little, which speaks a wide range of Russian citizens. But when during a parade in honor of the Victory Day on the Red Square military equipmentSpecialists who were sitting in the stands said: "But without Yuri Dmitrievich, this rocket would not have ... Watch, you see - the fighting cars go? This is also he. " And there was not almost a single military product so that people do not remember Maslukov.

Unfortunately, I was not close enough with Yuri Dmitrievich - we met only a few times. I was at that moment I was interested in some features of Russian space technologies and the activities of factories that have a relationship. When I was looking for a specialist who could advise me on these issues, knowing friends in one voice said: "Only Masyukov! A person who knows better, more, more detailed than he, just not. " I was somewhat surprised: "Well, okay, but where is Masyukov and where are modern missile technologies?" I was answered: "Yes, you're right. Unfortunately, Maslyukova is not there now, and this is the trouble of Russian rocket technologies, and not only them. Masyukov knows everything. " I did not believe, I asked to stop telling me fairy tales. There are no people who know everything! Friends confirmed: "It happens. These are masons. "

And indeed, it turned out that Yuri Dmitrievich is directly involved in almost everything that happened and is happening in this industry: as a designer, as director of the plant, as the head of State Mamurn and a member of the Politburo, and later - as the first deputy prime minister of the government Russia.

Masyukov took part in the restoration of the defense plant in Izhevsk, and in the elimination of the consequences of the terrible Chernobyl accident, and in the investigation of the causes of the accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. He knew the Soviet industry better than many others. He is a legend man in India and China: the ideas of Maslyukov turned out to be scary and in demand in these countries, their leaders were honored for the honor to communicate with him, his portraits hang in the highest cabinets. In China, Yuri Dmitrievich was called "Comrade Mo". And with this giant I had to meet.

Unfortunately, most modern journalists prefer to come to an interview unprepared. When it comes to the areas of specific knowledge, such as a rocket technique, this is especially noticeable. Therefore, from the meeting to which I asked, Yuri Dmitrievich, of course, was entitled not to expect a lot. I can not say that I was worried, - just thoroughly prepared. I understood that if this person gives me at least ten minutes - this is an honor. Not because he at one time occupied the highest state posts, not at all. I just understood about the person of which scale there is a speech.

Masteukov made a tremendous impression on me. High, perfectly folded, handsome man, similar to an antique hero, owner of a huge physical strength And completely unreal, stunning intelligence. I can not remember when I also had to meet so witty, easy, clear in the wording of a person - and by virtue of my profession communicated with a very large number of people of the most different classes and public situation. Subsequently, Yuri Dmitrievich also penetrates me sympathy, and although a considerable difference of the age prevented the establishment of a very friendly relationship, I was honored to be attending him at the bottom of birth. There was the whole color of the Russian defense complex, and it was necessary to see how our eyes these people looked at Maslyukov!

When an idea arose to make a film for the birthday of Yuri Dmitrievich, it seemed to be - well, there must be at least someone in the country to say about Masyukovka bad, to take at least his ideological opponents. However, there were no such. Everyone, with whom we talked, including Chubais, Gref, Primakov, Gorbachev, - everyone spoke about Maslyukov with the deepest, unprecedented respect.

What is this strange person?

As a rule, the people do not know how power works, and does not know people in power. It seems to be a simple inhabitant - or at least they presented earlier - with such celestialists, the characters of an unknown parallel reality, infinitely distant from us and because of this remoteness perceived as a kind of homogeneous mass. As one of my acquaintances, I helped me in writing this book, - Shernya men in the same gray coat on the podium of the Mausoleum. Their names were pronounced in a row and sounded in Rhyme, reminding some kind of children's poem: "The delegation was met by Slyanka, collars, bunks ..." At the same time, we young people, they seemed old and a priori were not very smart. As it turned out, those who came to replace them, albeit younger - at least they grow together with us, but they could not even get closures to these bison in the level of professionalism.

By the nature of the service, I communicated and communicate with many people holding high government positions, and I do not get ready to surprise the fact that even among these sheltered men by the power of Masyukov impressed Gullywer in the country of Liliputs. Of course, and now there are wonderful ministers, deep, smart. But Masyukov is generally separate.

All his life, he was distinguished by amazing attention to detail, the ability to analyze and evaluate even those, at first glance, insignificant, phenomena and events, which, as a rule, remain invisible to a third-party observer. In childhood, this feature forced her parents to think that the boy had some unusual boy. For example, when a child heard traditional "horror stories" about the uncle under the sofa, he, perfectly realizing that this is impossible, nevertheless he sincerely wanted to make sure - could theoretically be uncle to fit under the sofa? And the little boy worked out all the options, carefully watching and deeply analyzing what is happening.

I do not know how such people appear. What is this genetic mutation? After all, Masyukov is an absolute hero of the era, a sample of all agitals. His biography is the biography of the usual Soviet person. Born in Tajikistan, in a multinational family. Father died in war. Yuriy Dmitrievich himself - a brilliantly educated mechanical engineer who received military and civilian education: he graduated from the Suvorian school, then the Higher Artillery Engineering School, after which, without feeling in himself the calling for the next military service, entered the Leningrad Mechanical Institute. He worked in the defense complex, having passed the way from the engineer to the Deputy Minister of Defense Industry of the USSR. Without any Briton, he achieved the highest posts in the state: he was the first deputy chairman of the State Publisher, First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers, then the Chairman of the State University of the USSR and the Chairman of the Military Commission of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In parallel, it was raised by the party hierarchical staircase, becoming a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee in 1989. He was elected to the deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, where he participated in the activities of various committees and commissions. In 1992, established the Institute for Defense Research and became his head, then, in 1995, he headed the Duma Committee on Economic Policy. In 1998 - 1999 He held the post of First Deputy Chairman of the Russian Government under Evgenia Maximovich Primakov.

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