How to make a remotely controlled machine yourself. Remote control car

Any modelist must represent how its model is arranged. It is simply necessary, as it will be time to serve, configure and repair. In this article we will look at what parts it consists. Composite parts of automodels:

• Chassis
• Suspension
• Power point
• Source of energy
• Transmission
• Servo drives
• Wheels
• Body
• Radio control equipment

Chassis

The chassis is the basis of any radio-controlled car. As a rule, it is a metal or plastic plate, to which all other elements are attached. The chassis in the form of a metal plate is used on buggy and traggy models, plastic and carbon - on highway models. Models of monsters and crawler usually have the most difficult chassis in the form of one or more parts of the intricate shape. Often, under the word "chassis" also understand the model chassis assembly with suspension and transmission.

Plastic Chassis type "Bath"

Suspension

The model suspension provides a smooth move of the car during irregularities, constant contact of the wheels with an expensive to improve controllability, and for off-road models also assumes a blow when landing after jumping. In the suspension of most models, oil-filled shock absorbers installed vertically one by one for each wheel are used. Friction shock absorbers can be used in simple models. Some monsters are installed two shock absorber on each wheel.

Power point

The role of the model model model can perform an electric motor or an internal combustion engine (DVS). The power installation of the electrical model consists of a motor and speed controller. If the motor assignment does not occur usually, the speed controller function is not always immediately understood. To be brief, the regulator is an intermediate link between the battery and the motor, providing the desired voltage on the motor contacts so that it rotates with the required speed. Electromotors can be divided into two types: collector and inscolette. The collector engine in auto-breaker can be considered somewhat outdated, but the power plants based on it is significantly cheaper and used quite often. The disadvantage of this type of motors is the presence of brushes that are pretty quickly wear out and engines require constant maintenance (or replacement) with intensive operation. Budcontorous (Brushless) Motors are more expensive, powerful and practically do not need maintenance. The main external difference between the neclector motor from the collector is the presence of three wires instead of two.

Internal combustion engines used on auto-beams can be divided into calil and gasoline. Most models are valve in Kallov, they operate on special fuel. Not on gasoline!. The working volume of the vibration engine usually varies from 2 to 6 cubic centimeters. Often, the volume is indicated in cubic inches, for example: an engine with a volume of 0.21 cubic inches (it can still be called "twenty first", calling only hundredths of the volume of volume in inches) \u003d 3.44 cm 3.

Gasoline engines are used on large scale models, this is due to the fact that the minimum volume of the gasoline engine is about 20 cm 3, it is quite large and heavy. Usually used engines with a volume of 20-30 cm 3.

Gasoline engines develop a significantly lower power on one cubic centimeter of their volume, but have a greater torque and much more economical.

Most self-forming engines are single-cylinder.

Gallery engine 0.21 in 3

Gasoline engine 23 cm 3

Source of energy

Electrical automodels work from batteries (not from batteries like toys). The most commonly used battery packs are NiMH and Lipo. The voltage from which the car operates is usually from 7.4 to 22.2 volts. When choosing a battery, you should consider the characteristics of the speed controller installed on the model, the type of battery and its voltage will depend on it.

Special fuels for riming engines consists of methyl alcohol, nitromethane and oil. When contacting this fuel, extreme caution should be observed - methyl alcohol extremely poisonous! The cost of such a fuel is high enough, about 200-500 rubles per liter. The standard tank of the model, with a volume of 120-150 cm 3 is consumed in about 10 minutes (depends on the engine volume, there are real lodges).

Just like gallinal, model gasoline engines are two-stroke, it means that it is necessary to refuel them with a mixture of gasoline and special oil for two-stroke engines. The path behind it lies in any store of gas station.

Transmission

Transmission transmits torque from the engine to the wheels. For transmission of torque, gear wheels, cardan and belts are used. Most models have four-wheel drives for four wheels (4WD), although rear-wheel drive models (2WD) also have a considerable distribution. Differentials are installed between the wheels on the same axis, and often the inter-axis differential.

Servo drives

For rotation of the wheels, and also for controlling gas and brake on MODELS, servo drives are used (in common - "servo", in English "SERVO"). Serva is small boxes with an electric motor and a gearbox that can rotate their output shaft to the specified angle and hold it in this position.

Insides "servo"

Wheels

Unlike the wheels of the real car, the wheels of the car are not pumped with air, its role is performed by soft internal inserts. When choosing a wheelchair for sports automodels, you only need to be guided by their characteristics, but not external species. Beautiful wheels with chrome spokes and a powerful protector can only afford monsters and models for drift. The models intended for racing are content with solid disks without spice and tires with a special small protector.

Body

The body of the overwhelming majority of automodels is made from Lexana - thin, durable and flexible sheet of transparent plastic. Such a body is very lightweight and perfectly protects the model in collisions and coups. Painting the body from Lexan is made by special paints from the inside. A lexane body is installed on special racks and is fixed with clips. Unlike a real car, such a body is not an integral part of the model and can be easily replaced by another. Therefore, it is almost pointless to choose the model only on the body or say "I bought a Porsche 911 model." With intensive exploitation, the model for its life can change several bodies, gradually coming into disrepair.

Radio control equipment

And finally, the model becomes radio-controlled only when the radio control equipment is installed on it or simply "instrument". The equipment consists of two parts - the transmitter and the receiver. To control the car, as a rule, a pistol-type transmitter is used, the tper whom controls the acceleration and brake, and the steering wheel is a turn of the model. The market has a huge selection of the most different equipment costs from a couple of dozen to several hundred dollars. Recently, almost all new equipment works at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, while at the same time a lot of models can be launched, without creating each other's interference.

Conclusion

If you buy a ready-to-run model (RTR, Ready to Run, Ready to Race), then you will need to purchase only batteries or fuel. And professional models are often supplied in the form of a set for self-assembly (Kit), to it, at a minimum, the equipment and power plant will also be required.

Buy a radio-controlled device today is not a problem. Both car, and train, and helicopter, and quadcopter. But it is much more interesting to try to create a radio-controlled car with your own hands. We will present you two detailed instructions.

Model number 1: What will we need?

To create this radio-controlled model, you will need:

• Machine model (you can even take the usual Chinese from the market).
• Arua car.
• Solenoid opening the doors of the car VAZ, battery 2400 a / h, 12 V.
• Cut rubber.
• Radiator.
• Electro measuring instruments.
• Soldering iron, to it - solder, as well as plumbing tools.
• Reducer.
• Collector engine (for example, from a toy helicopter).

Model №1: Instructions for creating

And now we proceed to create with your own hands of the radio-controlled machine:

Model number 2: Required components

To create a car you will need:

• Car model.
• Spare parts from an unnecessary collectible typewriter, printer (gears, traction, iron drives).
• Copper tubes (sold in construction stores).
• Soldering iron.
• Automal.
• Bolts.
• Required electronics.
• Battery.

Model number 2: Creating a device

We start to make your own hands a radio-controlled machine:

In conclusion, imagine one of the drawings for radio-controlled models of machines - a receiver schema.

The self-made radio-controlled car is a reality. Of course, from scratch it will not work it - develop your experience on simpler models.

Radio-controlled cars are called in last years Extraly lively interest in both children and adults. It can be models on an electric motor or even on an internal combustion engine.

As part of this article, we will reveal the topic of radio-controlled models of various types, and consider the principle of their work so that one who is interested in designing their own radio-controlled models or simply buying them, knew what he had to deal with.

As for radio-controlled models of cars, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the scale is very different, ranging from 1: 5, finishing 1:28. Today, the most popular scale is 1: 8 and 1:10, and as for the scale of 1: 5, then these are very large models that are mainly models on the engine. Internal combustion engine is greater than the electric motor.

In terms of cylinders, internal combustion engines are divided into classes: 12, 15, 18, 21, 25. These are numbers indicating the engine capacity in cubic inches, in accordance with the American classification. Obviously, the higher the engine class, the higher its power. So, for example, the power of the engine of the 15th grade is an average of 0.9 hp

Internal combustion engines for radio-controlled models work, as a rule, on a mixture of oil, methanol and nitromethane. Such fuel in the canices can be purchased in stores where radio-controlled models are sold. Branded fuel - guarantee of the durable operation of the motor.

Speaking of electric motors, it should be noted that they are supplied, as a rule, from batteries scored in the battery, and the total battery voltage is 7.2 V and more.

In the stores of radio-controlled models, such batteries are sold, both in the form of individual cells of 1.2 V and in the form of ready-made batteries of various capacities. The engines themselves are classified according to the number of turns of the stator winding, usually from 10 or more, and the less turns, the higher the rotation speed of the rotor.

The basis of the model is the chassis, because it is on the chassis and attach both the engine itself and electronics. Chassis come from various types, with different modifications of drives, depending on the purpose of the model. Formula 1 is usually rear-wheel drive (more often) or all-wheel drive (less often) to develop high speed along the smooth surface.

Buggy, which is watering in gravel, in the sand - most often the drive is complete, less often - rear. Similarly, buggy, the trackers most often use four-wheel drive. Monsters with huge wheels mainly - four-wheel drive. Highway models, for driving through smooth surfaces, more often - with a full drive.

When there is a question of choosing between an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, it is important to compare all the advantages and disadvantages of the other type of engines so that the choice is rational.

Thus, models on liquid fuel are capable of developing huge speeds - up to 80 km / h, but think about how the accidents are fraught, frontal collisions at such speeds. It is necessary to accidentally crash into the wall, and costly repairs will be required.

Do you pull regular refueling refueling, which is more expensive than gasoline? Although, the engine volume is small, and the 4-liter canister is enough for a long time, but still. Plus, the OI is that the time duration is quite significant, while the engine sound is very realistic. Models French are more expensive than models on electric motors.

From here, the main minus of radio-controlled models on electric motors is seen - they will rather quickly sit the battery, and riding on one charge is unlikely to last more than a quarter of an hour. But the models on the electric motors, in comparison with the models on the engine, are very quiet, the motor is almost not heard, there are no exhaust, high acceleration, although the speed is small. However, you will have to get out for good battery And on the charger to charge from the network or from the car cigarette lighter.

Fundamentally radio control of models does not depend on the scale, it is installed on the model in the format Ready to Run if you buy a model, and does not require anything from the consumer in addition to take the remote control, and start driving. However, some models are sold in the form of a constructor, and finally, someone wants to make a model on their own. Therefore, let's still consider the principle of operation of the radio control system.

In models on electric motors (as well as on models from the engine), a receiver is installed. When a trigger is pressed on the control panel or turn the steering wheel, the receiver inside the model immediately accepts the signal sent from the remote control. The signal is processed in the receiver, and the corresponding device in the design of the model is activated.

When turning the steering wheel (on the remote control), the servo drive will force the wheels through the thrust. When a gas tired is pressed, the speed controller will receive a signal to change the engine speed, and through the transmission (cardan or belts) the wheels will start rotating faster or slower. Motor, as well as the electronics of the receiver with a speed controller, feeds from the battery.

If we talk about models with internal combustion engine, then when you press the gas tire on the remote, or when you turn the steering wheel on the remote, everything is also sent to the receiver. The receiver processes the signal, and includes the appropriate devices.

When turning the steering wheel on the remote, the servomotor will cause the wheels to rotate. When pressing for gas, the second servomotor will move the damper of the carburetor, and the fuel-air mixture will be supplied to the cylinder with a stream of a certain volume, the speed will change. Battery is used to power servomotors.

So, as you understand, the design of the radio-controlled model includes the following essential components: control panel, receiver, servo drives, engine (electric or engine), speed controller for electric motors. These parts are sold in the form of sets or separately.

Let us dwell in more detail on the principle of operation of the electronics of the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter is a high-frequency generator and a low-frequency modulator in the simplest form. The modulator includes a high-frequency generator with a frequency of the command. The emitted antenna console, the modulated high-frequency signal is received by the receiver installed on the model.

The receiver contains a low frequency amplifier, a high-frequency cascade and an electronic relay. The high-frequency cascade enhances and detects the received signal, then the signal is filtered, and the filtered signal enters the low-frequency amplifier input. The current signal frequency current acts on the emitter repeater, which leads to the relay in the power circuit of the appropriate engine.

In the simplest form, the radio-controlled model is capable of going forward and rotate, it depends, of course, on the number of servo drives. So, the quadcopter can have six drives.

As for the commands, they can be transmitted both by radio channel, and on Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth, and by IR, due to the fact that the signal is always encoded, and does not create an interference, and the receiver easily recognizes its signal, thanks Pre-configuration.

Now let's stop on batteries for models with an electric motor. Today there are three types of batteries :. The 7.2 V voltage is characteristic of the first two types, and 7.4 volts - for lithium. Lithium now becoming increasingly popular, their capacity reaches tens of milliamp hours, although the price is of course corresponding.

As for liquid fuel, here, as mentioned above, requires special fuel, which contains nitromethane. Nitromethane enhances the return of the engine, and the content of this component usually lies in the range of 16-25%. The oil contained in the fuel provides a lubricant engine. On the canister with fuel, the percentage of the nitromethane fuel is indicated, as well as the type of models for which this fuel is suitable.

The bodies are made of polycarbonate, a lightweight and elastic material, resistant to shocks. There are models with a body and without. Body for your model can be purchased separately. Fortunately, the choice of bodies today is very large.

There are transparent and painted options. Transparent can be painted from inside paint for polycarbonate, such paint is sold in models stores. For beginners, the body is best suited, more elastic, so that the management of an inexperienced driver would not lead to its rapid destruction from emergency strikes.

The most favorable price for the radio-controlled machine can only be if this machine is made independently, mostly from the rubble and with a small amount of inexpensive parts. Earlier, cars made on Arduino, which has a small price, however, cost can still be reduced if you use not ready and self-made with an ATMEGA8 microcontroller. Atmega8 were in the old versions of Arduino that had fewer capabilities than new, but nevertheless, in old versions of Arduino features more than enough to create a radio-controlled machine. If ATMEGA8 download the Arduino bootloader, then this microcontroller is "turned out" in almost Arduino and this allows you to use the Arduino IDE development environment with libraries for NRF24L01 + radio models, SG09 servomotors and even more simple writing code that greatly simplifies the entire process of creating a radio-controlled machine. In times when the microcontrollers were not so widespread as the production of electronics for the radio-controlled machine was very solid, but now it is a much more popular number of people. In addition, the independent creation of the typewriter makes it possible to make it as you need to complement and improve "to your taste". Consider the transmitter scheme.

Figure 1 - Transmitter

The NRF24L01 + radio module is connected to the microcontroller over SPI, the R2 potentiometer is the wheel of the remote and its average output is connected to one of the conclusions of the microcontroller ADP (Arduino IDE allows not to write too cumbersome code to use the built-in analog digital converter (ADC)). Buttons for controlling the movement, headlights and flashes are connected to digital inputs and without additional tightening resistors. The microcontroller has built-in and their conductivity enough in this case. The quartz resonator is supplied to 16 MHz, if a quartz resonator in this frequency, then in ATMEGA8 you can download the loader for Arduino NG. There is also a SB2 button for reset.

Figure 2 - Receiver

To control the motor, the L293D driver is used which can be given up to 600mA. Therefore, if the electric motor consumes a larger current, then another more powerful driver is needed. The condensers of the electric motor are connected to two film capacitor C3, C4 with a capacity of 470NF each if these condenses do not put the engine will create great interference and the machine will not work as it should. Also, the capacitors are delivered between the plus of nutrition and the earth (zero power, minus power supply), the C6 capacitor with a capacity of 470NFF is delivered directly to the power outputs of the NRF24L01 + radio module, the C7 condenser is raised elsewhere on the board. The power supply of the circuit comes from a single lithium-ion battery with a voltage of 3.7V which can be obtained for example from a delibean which can also be used as a charger for a given battery (the main thing is to remember where you need to put a plus battery and where minus). Red LEDs are connected to one of the L293D driver outputs that show the movement of the machine back, if, after assembly, these LEDs light up when the machine moves forward, then you need to connect these LEDs to another driver output. For rotation of the front wheels, the SG09 servomotor is used. The servomotor for this purpose turned out to be better than a stepper motor. For servomotor, you do not need a driver (it is inside the servomotor), only one microcontroller output is used to control the servomotor (you need to spend 4 outputs to spend 4 outputs), the servomotor works faster stepping, you can make more convenient control, it is also cheaper, easier, in general About the use of a stepper motor for turns can be forgotten. Two white VD1 and VD2 LEDs are a car headlights that can be turned on by pressing the corresponding button, so that you do not need to keep the button down when the headlights are burning - instead of the button, you can put a switch or button with fixation. The headlights through the transistor are turned on. The current consumed by two LEDs is too large for the microcontroller. Also in the car there are flasher and siren. Flashing is RGB LED which shines alternately, it is blue with red light, siren is a low-power pugeodynamic that connects directly to the outputs of the microcontroller. Speaker required D.B. Piezoelectric and low-power. If you put a speaker with the winding, it can have too low active resistance to the same when switching on the winding there are large voltage jumps that can lead to a microcontroller brave. From the schemes above, it is clear that there are still free conclusions on the microcontrollers of the transmitter and the receiver, and this means that the machine can still be supplemented by any elements, for example, you can put a shooting tower, bucket or tulle on servomotors, additional LEDs, etc.
Sketches can be downloaded on the links below, they are long but not complicated.

For transmitter.

Cars 2 series Diskie Toy Toy Machines Copy Cars 2 cartoon characters (2 cars 2) and popular in children. The author repaired the machine model "Lightning Mak Quen" (MC Queen) of Chinese production, unknown year of release. On the 3rd day, the machine fell into the water, from her went smoke, then she began to stop, without responding to teams from the console. There is no on the website of support for repair suggestions. In Moscow online stores, the warranty period for the exchange of faulty radio-controlled toys, at the time of writing the article was 7 days. According to the operating instructions on RC (RADIO-CAR) MC Queen, a certified radio control module "27138" is installed on the frequency of 27 MHz. I did not find the author to repair this module. This article shows the electrical circuits of the control panel (Fig. 1), the MC Queen model machine (Fig. 2), the faults were described and their elimination methods (Fig. 3), some features of the typewriter are noted.

In the schemes, alphanumeric designations of radio components correspond to the notation indicated on the circuit board. The author not marked on the fees marked independently. Indicated on boards, but non-sprinkled parts, scattered power SMD resistors, jumpers, incl. SMD, the schemes are not specified. The marking of semiconductor SMD devices is indicated in the frame, if it was detached. All nominal nominations are read or measured. In the control panel, the contacts of the SB2, SB3, SB4, SB5-coal buttons, they are connected to the corresponding contact pads with coal tracks, the same coal tracks are connected to the average output SA1 and output 10 IC2. These tracks on the board are not indicated. They are marked on the control panel of the thickened lines and the symbol of the resistor, indicating the resistance of this coal track, or the closed SB2-SB5 contact between the two corresponding contact pads. CHIFRATOR OF CONTOLER CONTROL MANAGEMENT, IC2 chip with labeling "515T", and a device control command decoder, a "515R" microcircuit, in SOP 14, Chinese production cases. Are they are programmed, it is unknown, but the volume of memory for one or two teams have, the author did not find the author of these chips.

The control panel consumes a current of 50-150 mA. Its performance is maintained when powered by 3-batteries LR6 to voltage of 3.3V. LEDs D19-D20 indicators of the remote control. From the output 8 of Ice2, the control panel of the control panel is turned on, and the codes modulating the emitted signal are transmitted. C output 9 IC2 control signals come to output 3 IC1 sound processor, "black tablet" located on a separate board, 8 by 15 mm.

In memory of IC1 2 seconds, sound effects are recorded. When the IC1 control signal arrives, selects the desired file and translates it continuously until the control signal is completed. Speaker SPK is inside the control panel. The first two days of the remote could say the phrase: "Talk to me."

Scheme 1.

Scheme 2.

The movement forward-back is performed by the electric motor M1, its work is controlled from the remote control of the RW1 resistance, which is enabled as a retail. The proportional control LEDs are turned on in series, starting with D18-D17 according to D11-D10, they indicate the deviation of the RW1 engine from the middle position when moving forward-back. Adjusting the speed of movement is carried out by changing the frequency of the command feed forward - back from the control panel. But this adjustment is not very effective, because On small speeds, the electric motor lacks torque and the machine begins to twitch at the start. The rotation of the right-left is performed by the motor M2 electric motor, and is controlled from the SA1 switch remote. To execute the "Turn" command (circular rotation), by pressing the SB1 "MODE" switch from the console, the M3 motor motor and the spring-loaded platform with the reversal wheel fixed on it drops from the top position. In the lower position of the platform, the turning wheel is advanced and rests on the floor surface, the gear on its axis engages with the gear gear of the drive wheels M1, simultaneously the rear, drive wheels are separated from the surface, the contact SF3 opens and the SF2 is closed, after which the M3 engine stops. Now the commands coming with RW1 and SA1 are blocked, and the M1 engine will be controlled by the SQ1 and SQ2 position sensors and rotate the turning wheel. Contacts SQ1 and SQ2 should be triggered when swinging a remote control from side to the side, when one of them is closed, the machine unfolds to the right or left for 3 seconds, then it also stops. Sensors SQ1 and SQ2 metallic, cylindrical shape, with axial arrangements of conclusions, without labeling. Inside, judging by the sound, there is a ball. When the sensor is rotated with the output of the golden color down, the contact inside the sensor closes, and when it turns it down the withdrawal of the silver color - opens. Sensors are located on the rear wall of the control panel at an angle of 90 degrees. One to another, but the angle of their operation is more than 150 degrees. Perhaps, therefore, one of them was installed in the remote to the legs, and to change the direction of rotation of the machine. It had to rotate the remote to the alert, then down. To cancel a command to circular rotation, the SB1 is turned off, after which the M3 engine is repeatedly turned on: the folding wheel platform rises, the gear on its axis is disconnected from the M1 gearbox, the SF2 will be opened, the driving wheels are lowered to the surface, in the upper position of the platform, SF3 and M3 stops in the top position.

Scheme 3.

The machine while driving consumes current more than 1A. When nutrition from 8-batteries LR6, it maintains performance to a voltage of 10.5V (1.3V per item). Semi-discharged elements of this sizes do not "hold" a large current for them, so the use of batteries is undesirable. Self-leveling fuse FU1 labeling does not have, and never worked. The U1 chip without labeling is likely to be a dual operational amplifier, similar to the part of the Chinese chip PTBA978B, the "drill" of their conclusions coincides, the nominal C4, C6, C9, C13 are taken from. Outside the receiver's receiver, M1, M2, M3 electric motors, SF1-SF3 sensors, connector and power switch, headlights, card headlamps, R14-R17 resistances are located. M1 and M3 engines with gearboxes, platform with a turn wheel, drive wheels are assembled into a single block of the rear axle. The SF1 sensor is located in a unintended node for fastening the axis of the turnover wheel, there is no access to it, its contacts are closed and opened with each turn of the turnover wheel. SF2 and SF3 SP3 Sensors Pressure Action, SF2 is attached at the bottom of the unit, it is most susceptible to pollution. The SF3 sensor is located at the top of the assembly. All three sensors are connected by wires with the corresponding contact pads on the board: K2, K3, K4, when they are triggered, the corresponding conclusions of the U2 chip are closed on the overall wire. When the contacts of the SF2 and SF3 sensors are disrupted, or the cutting of their connecting wires, after submitting or canceling the MODE command, the M3 engine continues to work, continuously lowering and lifting the turning wheel. Decifurator U2, noticing a bug in the execution of the command, aligned and stops executing all commands. To restart U2, the machine must be turned off and re-enable the SA1 switch.

The broken machine was disconnected after pressing the SB1 button due to the inability to execute the "MODE" command. At its board, the transistors q8 and q11 burned down, control the engine M3, so that it was impossible to establish their type and conductivity. A complimentary pair of transistors connected to emitters to "+" m3 would include it with a closed transistor Q7. But M3 should be included on the "Mode" command when opening Q7, then the P-N-P transistor Q11 and N-P-N Q8 must be connected to collectors to the "+" m3 output. After installing the "8050" and "8550" collectors to the "+" M3 transistors to the "+" and "8550" pairs of transistors, but during the day these transistors were burned again. It was necessary to draw diagrams and deal in the cause of what happened: it turned out that when switching Q7, through the transistors Q8 and Q11 flows through current, and such as on the board, connecting their base conclusions to D9, this current increases. When executing the MODE command, M3 is included in just 2-3 seconds, so this scheme could work for several days. But with the inclusion of the "MODE" command, or increase the resistance of the contacts SF2-SF3, the transistors Q8 and Q11 would be combined. To avoid pass-through current, from the M3 control circuit was removed n-P-N Transistor Q8, to remove it immediately and nothing would have burned down. The Q11 was soldered 2T836B, everything worked, but due to peeling the foil of contact pads Q11, (earlier it fastened more than Q8), I had to change the inclusion scheme M3. Repair result is shown in Fig. 3. From the board are removed: D9 diode, discharged foil contact pads Q11. R28 is installed in place D9, the transistor 2T836B is soldered into the Q8 holes, the place Q11 is left free. Conclusion "+" M3 is connected to the power plus, and "-" m3 to the 2T836B issuer.

It is possible that the receiving board was intended for another product, and subsequently was adapted to this model of the machine. It is possible that the defective fee got only parts of the machines of this series.

Due to the increase in the resistance of the contacts of microtumbler SF2 and SF3, they were washed, for which the rear axle machine had to disassemble. In the control panel, the SQ1 and SQ2 sensors were replaced with push-button switches mounted on the rear wall of the remote. The typewriter has become more convenient. The plastic tube designed to maintain the antenna wire of the machine in the vertical position, broke, had to install a removable antenna for a typewriter.

After repair and alterations, the machine without breakdown works for many months.

Bibliography:
1. Internet site http://service.dickietoys.de
2. Internet site http://www.masteraero.ru "How to remake and install radio-controlled equipment from Chinese toys ..." Author Saveliev V.
3. Internet site http: // supreg 1. Narod.ru "Receiver for radio-controlled toys" Author Markamianov A.