Motor Narts and Aerosani. Comfortable aerosani do it yourself

Movement on ice and snow has many features. This type of transport as Aerosani combines a lot of advantages. However, there are disadvantages here. You can do Aerosani with your own hands using the largest amount of breed materials, ready-made units. At the same time they will not be worse than many industrial analogues.

With independent making from zero, any technique must first execute the design project. He, in turn, is divided into four stages

• Design of technical specifications, characteristics;
• Technical proposal, at the stage of which there is a general layout of the product;
• A sketch project where the drawing of the product and its parts is performed with the necessary calculations;
• The working draft in which the drawings of the product are performed taking into account the current standards already available in the presence of nodes, mechanisms, manufacturer's capabilities.

Naturally, the homemade in the workshop will not work in detail all drawings, and education usually does not allow. However, you need to try to do at least some draws and calculations, especially if we are talking about a complex off-road technique, such as Aerosani.

Challenges

The first parameter to be taken into account is a hiking mass of Sanya, G. It consists of the weight of the snet, cargo and passengers themselves, fuel in the tanks filled before the tightness. This parameter is determined approximately, it is desirable to choose in the initial stages of it with a slight margin. Under preliminary calculations, it should be repelled that the weight of the sleigh was no more than 14 kilograms per honest engine, then it can be determined more accurate.

If you want to perform an aerosani of a certain lifting capacity, then you can roughly take serial samples and see their hiking mass. Again, it is better to take it with a reserve, especially at the initial stage of design. It is always easier to make recalculation for smaller loads than for large.

True-based

The second parameter is a pull-up, dynamic coefficient D. Determined by the ratio of traction capacity to the hiking mass, d \u003d t / g. This ratio should not be less than 0.25, it is advisable to take it around 0.3. Trial will show how Aerosani is able to quickly move, accelerate, overcome the lifts and other obstacles. Tracting ability and hiking mass are taken in kilograms.

In the previous formula, the TA parameter was used. It is determined based on the motor power and the parameters of the air screw in several formulas. The simplest one is known if the specific air screw power is known in kilograms for horsepower, T \u003d 0.8np. Here n is the power of the engine, P is specific power in kilograms for horsepower.

You can define a traction capacity for another formula that will suit for most standard two-three-sided type screws, T \u003d (33.25 · 0.7 · n · d) ² / 3. Here n is the rated power, D is the diameter of the screw in meters, 0.7 is a coefficient that depends on the characteristics of the screw. For ordinary screws, it is 0.7, it may differ for others.

Other features

Other characteristics, such as the stroke, the speed, overcome the rise and the descent will be highly dependent on the selected engine, tank capacity and dynamic coefficient. It is worth paying attention to the ski area so that the specific pressure of them on the snow was not more than 0.1-0.2 kg / sq. Cm, and if they are intended for movement on the ice - perform aerosani amphibia, in case of ice cracks. Such a car is very useful and on summer fishing when moving among thickets, otherwise the rowing screw will wipe them on themselves and break. Such Aeroani uses the Ministry of Emergency Situations to save people from ice in spring.

It is worth remembering that the manufacture of large aerosas per few people is possible only when a powerful engine is used. In itself, its use repeatedly increases the cost of the structure, and the consumption of fuel in such aerosany will be very large. This puts the cross on a homemade design in terms of saving money. For example, gasoline consumption by serial aerials by 5-6 people is more than 20 liters per hour, and they move at a speed of up to 100 km / h along the ice surface, in the snow - up to 60-70.

Mobility rates of such aerosas will be comparable to snowmobile suspension of the same lifting capacity. However, they will have less overcome by the rise, worse handling, the inability to go at low speed among the trees and maneuverability will yield to a snowmobile. If you plan to move around the winter forest, it is best to use a snowmobile.

Low power Aerosani may well be manufactured by their own. Many self-delicacies make Aerosani with a Lifan engine, chainsaws that are intended for one and successfully work.

Good aerosani for fishing have a propulsioner who can be easily moved to a boat in summer, including rubber. Preferably, of course, use a boat with a hard bottom.

Aerosani for fishing

Optimally, if they are:

• Have a positive buoyancy
• Have a removable drive helper with the ability to rearrange it in the summer

If Aerosani can be used as a full boat, then remove the engine for summer not necessary.

Mostly Aerosani make fishing lovers in rural areas, living next to large water spaces. Use their rational only in spring time clean iceWhen the snow cover on it is minimal. There are very good arguments in favor of abandoning the classic ski structure, and on the bottom to use the classic for glisers three-class.

In this case, they make ribbiness, so that they can perform the functions of the skates. When water is water, it will facilitate movement. Aerosani will go to almost full of gliding mode, reducing the resistance of the medium. In the summer, such a body will be a full-fledged boat, which has high seaworthy qualities - overcoming small flooded braids and thresholds on the river will not be such a problem for it, as for a conventional motor boat.

However, use the "Kazan" or an old progress for such things undesirable. The fact is that their bottom has insufficient strength. Yes, and depreciation will suffer. And from hard blows the bottom will fall apart. The design of most modern aerosas and fishing aerolodes assumes the presence of a hard bottom, which has an inflatable deck with a polic. Thus, there is trimming trimming when driving. Other designs should be recognized not too suitable.

Budget Aeroani: manufacturing process

Frame

The manufacture of a frame of aerosans should provide them with light weight. Usually the lower part of the frame is made so that the seat, rectangular or trapezoidal shape placed there. It is necessary to place it a little in front of the center, as the engine, tanks, screw, luggage will be added, and the center of gravity is desirable to position in the middle of the frame. The manufacture of the engine, transmission and screw is followed. It is made triangular, the top will be the bearing, which rotates the leading screw.

This frame has broad jambles in the form of rods that are attached to the triangle racks and go forward. It is undesirable to occupy a seat, as it will interfere with the rotation of the screw.

The frame material is chosen from thick polypropylene pipes With reinforcement. These pipes give satisfactory strength, but over time they can lose the form under load. If it is possible, it is desirable to use aluminum pipes and combine them with dams, tees. Aluminum compounds for welding at home is a rather complicated thing, and even in the presence of argon welding will play through the strength of the connection to the coal.

Screw and engine

A sufficiently powerful engine "Lifan" 168F-2 four-stroke is used. Four stamps are slightly worse in the frost, but much quieter. A plastic extra gas tank from the motoblock is used. In itself, energy transportation is quite sufficient for a snowmobile with a common hiking weight up to 500-600 kilograms.

The screw is made independently, blessed, has a diameter of 1.5 meters, increased size according to drawings for aircraft models. The manufacture of the screw itself is a rather complicated process and will require carpentry skills. In addition, it will take wood from Clean, Grab, Beech, Crazy Karelian Birch or other sufficiently durable wood, dry. If possible, it is better to purchase an aluminum screw with pre-known characteristics in the store.

From the engine to the screw, it is used downward transmission on belts with a ratio of 1: 3 from the woodworking machine, with a tensioner roller. With the choice of high-speed modes in aerosas, everything is sad enough, and talking about the speed box here is difficult due to the fact that the screw itself will effectively work only on sufficiently large revs, and the decline in their increase in thrust does not give, even vice versa.

It is important! The screw must necessarily have a complete fence on all sides! Most homemade snowmobiles that can be seen on the youtup or from other sources, do not have it! The fence must be painted in a bright color and be made mesh with a maximum step of no more than 7-8 cm.

Layout, skiing and management

The seat is located immediately in front of the engine, under it - the trunk. An additional trunk is available near the footboard. Engine management is carried out using a gas and clutch pedal. You can take them from the old car and tie with the engine with the help of cables.

Front there are additionally two handles. They are associated with the help of cables with anterior pair of skis, which can turn left, to the right on the vertical scan, and also synchronously with the steering flags, which are pairwise located at the left and right from the screw. The left handle manages the left side, right - right. They can be used independently, and when braking it is enough to reduce the skis and the flags inside, pulling over both knobs on yourself.

Aerosani has four skiing, two front and two rear. Front two skiing - short, made of alloy steel. The rear two are longer, made of plastic. The rear skis take part in the Snowmobile Management. Skiing are attached on special triangular supports, have a swinging stroke and are tested in front.

Painting and light instruments

Snowmobile must be painted in a bright color, which will be noticeable from published on the snow. It can be red, brown, blue, purple or other similar color. It is also necessary to paint the bright propeller fence, preferably a color different from the main housing of the snowmobile. Usually for painting use orange.

From light instruments, it is necessary to put overall lights, as well as lights on the screw - the green to the left of it in the course of the movement, and the red on the right. Headlights must have sufficient power. The fact is that the light day in the winter is short, and move only in daylight will not usually fail.

Usually the battery is enough for 3-4 hours of travel, this is enough to get home in the dark. If you want to protect yourself so that the headlights burn all night if you get lost, you can recommend to put the lighting coils from the old motorcycle.

When it is worth using Aerosani

It is definitely that for use of aerosas in extreme conditions for ensuring the livelihoods, a village or a separate person does not require any permission. In order to ride them on ice, where you can meet the fishewed inspector, even on the soil snow roads, they will need to register them in the technical supervision.

This is a rather complicated and long procedure. It will be necessary to get a security certificate, test calculations. The cost of the procedure itself negates the process of manufacturing aerosas independently in order to save money. Without registration, it will not work out without registration, since the engine volume is usually from 150 cubes. Smaller can not be installed, it just does not pull the propeller. To control Aerosa, it will takes a special driver's license.

Therefore, in most cases Aerosani is not the best choice for all-terrain vehicles, primarily due to bureaucratic reasons. The second reason is an increased fuel consumption, especially in deep snow and in a thaw on soft. Compared to a snowmobile with a tracked layout of Aerosani, they consume 1.5-2 times more fuel for the same needs. The third is the inability to pass through the forest.

Therefore, Aerosani, although they are a fairly simple and reliable type of transport, not always a good choice For those who wanted to have their own everybody, the snowmobile, especially for a fisherman who will be more interesting to focus on fishing.

I made this snowmobile literally for a couple of weekends in the garage at the cottage. Although his design at first glance looks very simple, nevertheless, in deep looser or wet, it is not inferior to most snowmobiles industrial production.

A few years ago, I made a snowmobile snowmobile for my nine-year-old daughter with a self-made caterpillar from the conveyor tape and plastic water pipes as a primer. At first I had doubts about the reliability of such a caterpillar and how plastic details in the frost behave. But during the two-year winter operation, breakdowns and strong wear of the pipes did not happen. This inspired me to create a slight snowmobile for myself with the same homemade caterpillar.

Perfectly realizing that the smaller the snowmobile mass and the more the supporting area of \u200b\u200bthe caterpillar, the better his permeability on loose and deep snow, I tried to make the design as easy as possible.
The principle of snowmobile operation is very simple (Fig. 1). Four wheels are installed inside the caterpillar, which when moving rolls on the conveyor belt, on which the primatelates are fixed. And the drive of the caterpillage from the motor is carried out by chain through the slave shaft with special leading asterisks. I took them from the snowmobile Buran. "

With an engine from an ordinary motor-block with automatic clutch with a capacity of only 6 hp quickly do not get up. I was going to ride on a snowmobile, not on the rigged tracks, but along the loose snow, so I refused the soft suspension of the caterpillar and skis to reduce the mass of the snowmobile and simplify the entire design.

First made a caterpillar. Plastic water pipe diameter.40 mm chopped on a blank for micro-470 mm long. Then each billet saw the circular along into two equal parts.
With the help of the device shown in Fig. 2, the saw saw on the tree cut along plastic pipes for soils.

The primer attached to the conveyor belt with two furniture bolts diameter.6 mm with a large semicircular hat. In the manufacture of the caterpillars, it is very important to withstand the same distance between the soilscenes, otherwise they will run "to the teeth of the leading stars and the caterpillar will begin to slip and slide from the rinks.

For drilling in the conveyor tape holes for fastening bolts diameter.6 mm I made a conductor. The holes in the ribbon drilled the drill on a tree with a special sharpening.

Using such a conductor, 6 holes can be drilled in the conveyor tape at once for the attachment of the three cargoes of the caterpillar.

In the store I purchased four inflatable rubber wheels from the garden trolley, two leading stars from the snowmobile "Buran" and two closed bearing №205 for the leading shaft of the caterpillars.

Make the drive shaft of the caterpillar and bearings for bearings I asked Tokary. The snowmobile frame made 25x25 mm square pipes.

Since the axis of the turns of the turn of the skis and the steering wheel are on the same line and in the same plane, you can use a continuous steering craving without ball lugs.

Ski rotation bushings are made easy. For the front transverse frame of the frame, I welded water clutches with an internal thread 3/4 inches. They screwed up the nozzles with the outer thread, to which the welding was attached to the collar of the ski rack.

I recommend using skis from the children's snow scooter "Argomak". They are easier and more elastic, but they need to install corners for fastening to the rotting rack of the snowmobile and the metal sub-cut - for better snowmobile control when driving in an imagination or rolled snow.

Adjusting the tension of the chain takes place due to the engine offset.

Snowmobile control is very simple. With increasing engine speed, the gas handle, located on the steering wheel, the automatic centrifugal clutch is turned on and the snowmobile starts movement. Since the estimated snowmobile speed is small (only about 10-15 km / h) and depends on the density of snow, the snowmobile brakes are not equipped. It is enough to reduce the engine turnover and the snowmobile stops.

I will share a few tips, which, when repetition, this design may be useful.

1. Pipe for tracks I cut along manual circular saw On the tree first on the one hand, then on the other. So it turns out to be even than to immediately cut both walls. More convenient to handle small blanks. If you immediately cut along a long tube, then in this case the plastic will melt and the saw disk will climb.

2. Caterpillars can make any width. And each constructor has the right to choose what is more convenient for it: make a wide, but short caterpillar or narrow and long. Just remember that with a big caterpillar, a snowmobile will be poorly controlled and the engine loads more, and with a small in a loose deep snow he may fall.

3. On some of my photos, it can be seen that there are plastic "barrels" inside the caterpillar. " These are the guides of the stops for the Scolation, which must prevent the caterpillars from the rinks. But in the process of exploitation of a snowmobile caterpillar and without Scolation did not slip from the rinks, so "barrels" can not be installed, which will reduce the mass of the snowmobile.

4. At the end of winter, I completely disassembled a snowmobile to determine its weight. The weight of his individual nodes was like this: a caterpillar - 9 kg;
presenter assembly - 7 kg; Two pairs of wheels with axes - 9 kg; Engine and steering wheel - 25 kg;
a pair of skis - 5 kg;
rama -15 kg;
double seats with racks - 6 kg.
Total weighs 76 kg together.
The weight of some details can be reduced. Nevertheless, the weighting rate for a snowmobile with the caterpillar of this size is quite satisfactory.

The geometric dimensions of my snowmobile are as follows: the length of the snowmobile frame - 2 m; The distance between the axes of the support wheels (rinks) is 107 cm; The width of the caterpillars - 47 cm. The step of the carriage of the caterpillar depends on the thickness of the transport ribbon and it is necessary to pick it up with an experienced way (I got 93 mm).
I do not bring the exact size and drawings of the snowmobile details, as everyone who will gather repeat the design, will focus on those details and components that can be purchased or making themselves.

Aerosani use where there is no roads or a tractor is with difficulty. This homemade transport has no clutch and complex transmission. Hydraulic brakes are also missing, so Aerosani is easily made with their own hands.

In winter, fishermen have to overcome long distances. The use of self-made equipment makes the back to the reservoir quickly and comfortable. The vehicle is equipped with polnesses, thanks to this, it is possible to move on ice, imaging and snow. Aerosani leads to the air propeller. It rotates the motor that works on gasoline.

When driving Sanya, speed up to 150 km / h. They differ from snowmobiles beneficially. Possessing a soft suspension, transport provides comfort when driving. If we talk about smoothness, the aerosani is comparable to the car. They often install cabins, it gives additional protection against wind and frost.

The bottom frame serves as the basis of the design, they are made in the form of a panel. The frame is hampered from barberry bars, it is best to use pine. A foam filler is also required, and the stiffness of the structure is applied using wooden cross.

The frame is trimmed, for this purpose it is necessary to purchase a plywood canvas. Together with a twist bend and high rigidity, it demonstrates high quality characteristics.

Specifications

Homemade aerosani is better than a snowmobile; Motorian for fishing with their own hands can be done by setting the engine with a power of 15 hp So easy to achieve the following indicators:

1. For 1 minute, the engine commits 4700 revolutions.
2. The diameter of the screw is 1300 mm, it is spinning up to 2300 revolutions. Maximum effort - 62 kg.
3. The fuel tank accommodates from 40 to 50 liters of gasoline.
4. Without a driver, the weight of the design is 90.7 kg. With cargo - 183 kg.

The selection of the engine depends on the mass of aerosas, their size and carrying capacity. The motor must be such a power so that the air screw will make the required number of revolutions. This magnitude picks up the constructor. It is necessary to strive to ensure that the design is light, then you can install a small engine and power. The technique must have an air cooling system.

At Aerosani, they often put a car motor. It is highly powerful, self-made aerosani engine to equip simply, because it is enough to remove it from the old car.

On Sani, you can install a motor from the Jupiter motorcycle, the engine shot with "Zhiguli" will be a good option. You can use K-62A. This is a carburetor that has 2 cylinders. The ignition is carried out from the battery, and the fuel tank is designed for 30 liters of gasoline.

Easy Aerosani can be installed D-30 or D-15. The first develops a traction force of 40 kgf, and the second is 60 kgf. D-15 has a toothed gearbox. On the other motor, the tank is designed for 15 liters of fuel.

Load capacity

Load capacity is called the vehicle's ability to move goods and passengers. it full weight Machines together with ammunition and people. Homemade units are designed for transportation from 1 to 5 people. With the load, the weight of aerosanis reaches 300 kg.

Distance and speed of movement

If at the aerosani to install a power engine with a capacity of 15 hp, on solid snow they will operate from 70 to 80 km / h, the average speed is 40-50 km / h. The speed across the rolled snow increases. Faster transport travels in Nasta, the maximum snow location speed can be 110 km / h. But at high speed, the sustainability of the technique is reduced, there is a chance that it is a belch. Therefore, it is not recommended to develop speed above 50-70 km / h.

Most often on homemade transport, tanks are installed, the container of which is 40 liters. Powered fuel is enough for 300 km.

Fuel reserve

Since aerials move around the location where there are no filling stations, it is necessary to take care of the stock of fuel. It is poured into the canister, it is best to use a capacity of 20 liters. This stock will be enough to get out of the snowy wilderness.

Brake design design

The brake system of self-made equipment can not be called classic. At the ends of the rear skis make scrapers, from the brake pedal stretch the cables that, if necessary, lead them into action. When the driver presses the pedal, the scraper drops down. Because of this, the course of sled slows down.

How to make it yourself

Aerosani can be made with their own hands: the hulls of homemade aerosas are created taking into account the laws of aerodynamics, so all the elements of technology should be done in accurately according to the plan. From the quality of the assembly directly depends on the operation of all nodes and the service life of self-made equipment.

Typical aerial drawing:

Housing

The assembly of aerosas begins with the case, it consists of a solid frame that is closed with a trim. It gives an aerodynamic form, making a narrowing to the front. The case has 2 compartments: front and rear, in which the motor is installed.

The required rigidity of the structure gives 2 spars and power stringers. The splits are installed, there must be 4. They are located at equal gaps. For their manufacture, the plywood is used, it is best to get a 10 mm thick material. Wide spangles are enhanced by transverse beams.

Work is starting from the installation of the lower frame, it takes the installation of the splits. Be sure to make spacers, they are fixed to the spangling with the help of the corners. When this stage is completed, go to the consolidation of stringers. A transverse increase in special beams is necessary, because loads are transported on self-made techniques.

The frame is punctured, it can be done, applying casein glue. On the joints impose a gauze, then it is impregnated with glue. Another option is possible, when first the gauze is cut, the bandage is impregnated with glue, and then the strip is winding the connectivity of the elements.

To cover the case, plywood sheets should be purchased, they are closed on top of a duraluminum coating. The driver's seat is made from plywood, but you can install the factory, made of plastic.

The location for cargo is isolated in the back of the structure, having a seat. In this compartment, you can store spare parts and tools, a canister with gasoline, fishing gear and passenger things are placed here. There are different options for assembling aeronaut transport, drawings designs must be studied before starting work.

Screw-engine system

The brewing system consists of several elements. The most common option is to install at the aerosal of the motor, removed from IL-56. Installation of the screw shaft is made on the bearing, it is installed on the frame. Wooden stove is required for mounting the engine.

To regulate the clinorem transmission, the screw requires a plate of plywood or textolite. A fan is installed for cooling the engine. It is fixed on the crankcase, using the bracket for this purpose.

Suspension

Skiing for aerosas make 10 mm thick plywood, they are cut from the bottom with a stainless steel. Skis bended, for this, Phaneru is placed in boiling water. Bending is made using a stapel.

When assembling, it is necessary to choose the right ski thickness correctly, various drawings are given. To enhance, a thick bar is used, skiing attach to the housing to the M6 \u200b\u200bscrews. In order for the anems to be resistant to turns, cutting subs. They are constructed from the fighter at the ends of the pipe.

How to equip?

Speedometer, ignition lock, fuel level index and all basic devices are installed on the front panel. Here you must have control levers, brake pedals and engine start. If traveling by unfamiliar places are planned, away from settlements, it is necessary to establish a GPS navigator at the aerosani. The rear view mirror is put on the left, the armor lever and the throttle must be in the cab.

Aerosani with chainsaws engine

Motor from chainsaw has a small power that does not exceed 4 hp This is not enough to make trips over long distances. The minimum engine power must be at least 12 hp.

If the reservoir is nearby, then a sufficiently low-power motor. Motor from chainsaws, despite this, shifts a lightweight design. Such aerosani can be used to transport fishing gear.

Alternative options

As a hull for aerosan, you can use a car housing.

For example, Aerosani, made from the "loaf".

Safety during operation

When operating self-made transport, the potential danger for passengers represents a propeller. To prevent accidents, the propeller screw is hiding in the casing. This element protects not only passengers, but also the propeller itself from foreign objects from entering it.

Collecting Aerosani, the quality of work should be monitored. The main load is on skis, so the quality of the bolted joint must be high. Mounts need to be checked, on time to make maintenance. The propeller regularly inspect, it is important to see the defects that have arisen.

The trouble-free technique is possible if the aerosan engine is working normally, there is a fuel, oil is nalito to the desired level.

Collecting equipment, focus on the dimensions presented in the drawings. Be sure to make the cockpit visor, Aerosani then become more convenient in operation. No need to make changes to the design, it can cause malfunctions.

Aerosani - the dream of any fisherman. Because in the winter in search of a good room, they have to constantly move along the snow-covered reservoir. During this period, the fish is collected in the pits. To find it, fishermen often overcome considerable distances. On walking on foot is the main part of the Light time. Well, if the snow cover on the ice is small. But when he grows to his knees, the path becomes a real torment. As a result, all chances of successful fishing automatically disappear. In such a situation, only light transport can help where the best of all is a sleigh with a motor.

Many may argue and offer to buy a corporate snowmobile. However, this transport has serious disadvantages. The main one is too high the price that happens not to everyone by pocket. And also a snowmobile for finished fishing is a danger, especially early in autumn or late in spring. Its considerable weight does not allow to travel to a thin ice, where light sleigh skiing can safely drive. Often the screw engine unit is installed on the boat. This aerosan version is considered the most reliable, which can be safe to use round year And for any ice.

For the construction of aerosans, the following tools will be required:

Engine selection

The most difficult and most expensive unit - It is motor. For lung sleds per person, you can put a small motor from the saw. But his small power will not allow to ride fast enough. In addition, such engines have a small operating resource for the duration of operation. It is best to choose a more powerful motor from a motorcycle. On this engine, the sleigh in the snow will develop very good speed even with additional cargo.

Air propeller

Aerosani moves with a propeller. It must match the parameters of the engine. Otherwise, the motor will begin to overheat or will not work at full power. This is a rather complicated unit, which is very difficult to do at home. If you build it with your own hands, it will take too much time. In addition, there will be serious knowledge in aerodynamics. Therefore, the air screw is best purchased in the store.

Assembling Rama

For the construction of the frame will require such materials:

1. pipes;
2. clamps;
3. bolts;
4. nuts;
5. washers.

The easiest way to do Aerosani on three skis. This is the most common way where the cost of material and the time of construction will be the most minimal on the calculations. For these purposes, they make a triangular frame that should be very strong. Because all the aggregates will be attached to it. The design will be light and durable if it is made of metal pipes. Often, craftsmen make a wood frame. And although this is not the strongest material, but it has one advantage. If for any reason Aerosani fails under the ice, they will still remain afloat.

Although it is the easiest option, but for reliability and durability during the construction of the sleigh it is better to use iron pipes. Initially, it is necessary to draw a drawing from the hand and designate the size of the details. In this case, it will be much easier to calculate the consumption of the material and correctly cut the pipes for the frame. First, they are unfolded by a triangle on the smooth floor. And with the help of welding, the ends are connected, and all the seams are cleaned with a grinder. Then small sleeves are cut off from this pipe and weld to the ends of the frame. Three skiing will be mounted here. Two rear bushings are installed strictly vertically, and the front for the steering mechanism is a bit with a slope.

Engine installation

Since the aerial screw is used, the motor will have to raise at a considerable distance from the frame. To do this, first will need and preparation two arcuate racks. They are easy to make from the same pipes that were used with the previous building. One rack with welding is attached to the rear tube frame. And for the second make an additional crossbar inside the frame. When this work is over, upstairs need to install a fastener saddle under the engine. It is easy to cut with a grinder from the old frame of that motorcycle from which the engine was removed. Or construct a similar device with your own hands.

So that the propeller does not hurt for coastal bushes or branches of trees, fencing is installed at the aerials. It is easy to make from the same material that was used in the construction of the frame. To do this, first it is necessary to bend the pipe in the form of a large ring. Then, with the help of the welding machine, attach it to the bottom of the frame, and the sides to the arcuate motor stands. Often, an additional grille is installed on the protective ring. Although such a solution reduces the propeller thrust, but it significantly improves the safety of the air screw.

Building skis

Almost all fishermen in the construction of skis prefer to use the easiest material - Wood. It is the cheapest and most affordable option that is easy to process. In the manufacture of skis at Aerosani, wooden boards from oak or birch are usually used.

Initially, they are well dried, and then sharpe and flex the ends. To increase the strength, the lower plane of the skis is covered with dural or iron. And the support hinge is installed on the upper part, which is easy to do it yourself. To do this, first cut the square plate of sheet steel in the width of the ski. Along the edges, the holes are drilled under the screws, and in the center welded a large nut or a thick metal washer.

Skiing on racks, which are made from a pipe of smaller diameter. It should be easily inserted into the sleeve on the frame. At one end, the hole is drilled under the pin, and two nuts are welded parallel to another, like on a hinge. It turns out a peculiar plug, which is inserted into the fetch sleeve and top with top. Then the hinge on the ski is combined with nuts at the end of the rack and fix the finger or pin. It can be made of a thin metal rod or fittings.

For the turn of Sanya usually use a steering wheel from a motorcycle. E.go welded to the front rack or fasten to the clamps. Motor turnover is added using a standard torosa handle. The whole set is easy to find in any auto shop.

To ride comfortably, you need to make a comfortable and soft seat. To do this, in the middle part of the frame triangle, two parallel tubes weld. They are vertically installed small arcuate racks, and the springs seat are fixed from above. Often, additional springs under the frame are worn on the ski racks. It significantly softens the move and sharply increase comfort when driving on a sleigh with the engine.

It is no secret that the wind always walks in winter in winter. And the propeller during operation increases the air flow even more. Because of this, in winter, with movements at the aerosany, fishermen becomes very cold. Therefore, in front of the frame, they always make a protective visor with glass upstairs. And then the rides on the sleigh will become more comfortable. When all the details and aggregates are built, it will only be to attach a fuel tank. Aerosani are ready, and now on fishing will always be accompanied by luck.

Drawings of homemade aerosas "Otter"

(Think first)

Aerial drawings. For open snow-covered expanses, in my opinion, there is no better vehicle than Aerosani. No other all-terrain vehicle compares with them at speed and passability. Noise, though, a lot. But but, what a pleasure from rapid slip on untouched snowy virgin! Aerosani, called "Example" including for, let's say, the prurdity - at the speed of them, you can even through a rare shrub "Skinny", - I built in one breath: I wanted such a car for a long time. And so the design thought it thoroughly, and the necessary aggregates, nodes and materials prepared in advance.

Aerosani constructively consists of a boat ski with an open single cabin in the central part. The cab is extremely simple: it only has a driver's seat, controls and a luggage regiment. From the driver's incident air flow protects the fairing with windshield. For the cabin, on the stern of the sled, the engine frame is installed, to which the gasoline engine of air cooling with a capacity of 18 hp is suspended. with an air screw with a diameter of 1200 mm. In the same place, on the stern, there are two aerodynamic keel on sides, simultaneously serving the root of the zone of the rotation of the air screw.

The aerosan hull is a boat of variable cycleness. All its power elements are 11 spangling, longitudinal stringers, bims and trim - made of wood.

Instead of a keel, the boat across the entire length has a ski, which is narrowed to reduce resistance from the nose to the transnt from 300 to 270 mm. Its sock is curved by a radius of 1000 mm. Beyond the bottom of the bottom of the skiing protrudes on 50 mm, and from the channel number 7 to the transnta smoothly rises by 20 mm. In the diameter, the sole of the ski and the bottom of the aerosans slightly convex. The cilancement of the case on the transom 11 ° with a gradual increase of up to 24 ° on the face. The splint sets are made of BS plywood 10 mm thick. All of them, except for the transom, are facilitated by cutouts. Spanmost No. 3 and 8 serve as partitions separating the cabin from the nasal and feed compartments.

The width of the cockpit is chosen such that its boards tightly fixed the driver in the chair. The soles of his feet rest in the Spand No. 4, which gives additional convenience in the management of anesthesia. In all skiing skis from the spline number 1 to the transnt, blocks of 50 mm thick of PS-1 foam was pasted. On top of the blocks from the Spand number 3 to No. 8, the floor of 3-mm plywood was pasted. The same material is trimmed and boarding the cab.

Moreover, on the left and right, part of the sides of the sides are made in the form of removable panels for maintenance Control lever nodes. The deck and the bottom are trimmed with a plywood thickness of 3 mm, sole ski - plywood brand BS 5 mm thick. Racks of the spangling number 5 are reinforced with pine plates in the location of the sleeves under the trees of control levers. The lower parts of the side branches of this spline are separated from the racks, shortened so as not to interfere with the movement of the steering bumps, and are reinforced with bubbles glued to bottom stringers. In the corner of the case, reinforced stringers are placed serving for the installation of a motor frame and rocking faces, control, as well as bims (they are glued to onboard private bars) for fastening aerodynamic keel, wedge-skates and steering wheel.

Deck and bottom stringers in the places of intersection with the splits are additionally fastened with wire loops. Wedge-skates are made of 16 mm plywood brand BS and are located strictly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft housing. In bims, they are glued with spikes. Wedge-skates are reinforced by bobbers who make their transition to the housing, and stainless steel edging (installed after the complete availability of the case). The surface of a fully assembled and trimmed plywood housing is covered with putty, aligned and carefully cleaned. It is then saved by one layer of fiberglass brand AST (b).

Ski is brought by a sheet of stainless steel with a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the bottom - a sheet of low pressure polyethylene. On the sides of the ski attached with the screws with the secret heads two subsidements made of steel brand U10A. I picked up the exact position of the sub-sized by experimentally by rearring them to the nose or stern of the aircraft hull (for this in the figure there are several mortgage nuts). For the sole of the skiing down, cuttings protrude 12 mm, however, like feathers of the wheels of the direction. This achieves excellent aircraft handling on ice, Nastya and Radan Snow Road.

The fairing is frozen from the aluminum sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm. He does not have the power spangling. The rear edges of the shell and the lid of the luggage compartment are strengthened in them with a wire of the ABS stamme with a diameter of 2 mm. The fairing casing is attached with round heads through the frame from the bars with a cross section of 20x20 mm, pre-mounted on the deck over the trim. The volume under the fairing is used for small cargo and a medical aid kit.

Wind visor - from organic glass 4 mm thick. The method of giving the glass of the desired form is clear from the attached pattern. The visor is attached to the beacon with bolts M4 together with the lid of the luggage compartment. The finished body with a fairing for safety purposes is covered with bright nitroglyphthal paints of yellow and red colors. The driver's seat is easy, opens access to the instrument box located behind the back. An arranged chair from PS-1 foam and fiberglass AST (b) on Epoxy resin ED-5. From above is the leather-proof. Fixed by the protrusions of the Spedding number 7, which are in the deepening of the seat.

Aerodynamic keels are installed on sides of the corps of the case. Each keel has a framework, consists of anterior and rear edges, ending, three ribs and a spar. For greater strength, the internal cavities of the frame filled with foam blocks of PS-1, and the frame itself is trimmed with a plywood thickness of 3 mm and painted: on a yellow background - red stripes. Attached by two bolts M6 to Bimsu (bottom) and one M6 - to a troop (from above). In the trim keelle above the root ribs are made of cutouts: under the front bolts of fastening (on the inner surface) and under the tower steering wheel (through). In these places, it is removed, of course, the filler is a foam.

The air screw is pushing, glued (from birch regions). Made according to the drawings published in the magazine "Model-Designer" No. 1 for 1975, with a slight change in the step towards the increase. Screw painted in red. At the ends of its blades of black paint depicted edging and parallel to her strip.

STEERING. The aerosan course management system consists of two parallel, symmetrical and independent one from another branches - right and left. Each branch has the same set of elements: lever with rubber handle, shaft, two bumps, two thrust, rocking chair and steering feather. Levers - from steel pipe with a diameter of 22x2 mm. From the most rubber handles, they are slightly flattened for greater rigidity. Clamps with split sliced \u200b\u200bholes are welded to their ends, filmed on the steering shaft bolts.

Steering shafts rotate in steel sleeves glued, as already mentioned, in the struts of the page number 5 and stuffed before assembling Li-Tol-24 lubricant. On the other side of the levers on the shafts, steering bumps are installed (connecting rods from the carriage of the children's bike "Eagleok") and are made by bicycle wedges. The ends of the bustle are articulated with forks of long steering, with the help of steel coiled and pinned fingers. Other ends of the thrust are hinged with the inner shoulders of the rocking hours rotating on closed and not requiring lubrication of the bearings 60201.

The stripping axes rocking faces are rigid on the amplification of deck stringers. On the axes of the rocking chair are fixed with crown nuts with linings. The outer shoulders of the rocking chair are hingedly associated with short traction that are attached to the bumps. The lower ends of the shafts of the steering wheel are included in the heels of edging of wedge-skates. Steering feathers from steel brands U10a, reinforced on two sides, strips of the same steel are welded to the shafts of the steering wheel. Trees of steering wheel rotate in steel sleeves pasted into bims. In addition, the bushings have brackets with the help of which they are additionally attracted to the aircraft casing by the rear bolts of fastening aerodynamic keel.

All parts of the steering mechanisms, except for the thrust and bustle, are made of steel 45 followed by hardening. Trees of steering wheel (after partial disassembly) are covered with lithol-24 lubrication. Feathers of steels have an angle of maximum rotation of ± 35 ° from neutral position. In addition to lubrication, no other periodic interventions and adjustments, steering aerosan keys does not require. For what purpose are two parallel, symmetrical and independent branches of the control system? First, I wanted to have effective brakes.

Taking both levers on itself, the feathers of the steering wheel can be turned inside, towards the ski, thereby creating a plow effect - braking will occur. (The same result can be achieved when pressed levers from ourselves, with the only difference that the feathers turn outwards. Long steering thrust in this case will work on compression and due to its thin walls can be deformed. Therefore, such a position of levers when braking undesirable.)

Secondly, when the aerosanis turns on a snowy virgin, the housing is incremented towards turning, and the pen steering wheel, opposite to turn, is partly, and in some cases it completely comes out of the engagement with the snow cover. Therefore, it is done so that it worked exactly that the steering wheel, the pen is in the snow cover, and the long steering traction was tensile. Thirdly, the shoulders of the bumps and the rocking boards are the same, and the gear ratio to the control lever is approximately 1: 3.2, so the driver's hand responds to overload on the steering wheel and there is an opportunity to parry its control lever, not allowing breakdowns. Fourth, when moving in direct or by a large radius curve, you can use any of the levers. The free lever itself is automatically tracking the direction of movement.

The fuel tank is a transparent plastic canister with a capacity of 5 liters. Installed behind the Spanmost number 8 in a special container made of aluminum sheet with a thickness of 1 mm and embedded into the deck. From above, the tank is fixed with a rubber belt with steel hooks at the ends, which he keeps behind the container brackets. The intake tube made of oil-resistant rubber comes out of the canister through the plug and stretches to the manual pumping pump, and from it to the mechanical diaphragm engine pump.

Aerosani "Otter" (on top of top The engine is not conditionally shown)

Aerial layout: 1 - housing; 2 - fairing; 3 - luggage shelf; 4 - wind visor; 5.8 - non-removable right cabbage panels; 6 - the right handle of the course control (with the "Gas" lever and the "Stop" button); 7 - removable right cabin panel; 9 - driver's seat; 10 - Right Course Management Movement; 11 - right kil; 12 - right subproof; 13 - air screw (diameter 1200); 14 - motor frame; 15 - fuel tank; 16 - Left Stringer under the motor frame; 17 - Traven; 18 - left axis of the steering wheel; 19 - left pen steering; 20 - left wedge-horse; 21,24 - Spanmost partitions; 22 - lining of the left lever lever. 23 - floor cabin; 25 - foam filler; 26 - Ry

Theoretical drawing of Schandamov

Main power set of aerosan hull: 1 - nasal trigger bar (pine, bar 50x30); 2,20- books (pine, 6 pcs.); 3 - side fitness timber (pine, bar 50x30, 2 pcs.); 4-nasal carlangs (pine, rail 50x 15); 5.6 - Deck Stringers (Pine, Rake 30x10.4 pcs.); 7 - Stringer under the motor frame (pine, bar 70x20,2 pcs.); 8- strengthening of Stringer (pine, rail 20x10, 4 pcs.); 9-BIM KILA mounting (pine, bar 80x70, 2 pcs.); 10 - Feed Karlents (Pine, Rake 30x10); 11-13 - Badge Stringers (pine, rail 30x10, 6 pcs.); 14 - Stringer Ski (Pine, Rake 50x50, 2 pcs.); 15 - Kiel (Pine, Rake 50x 15); 16 - liner (foam, 10 pcs.); 17 - Rack of the Spanmost number 5 (Plywood BS, S10, 11 pcs.); 18 - sleeve under the exchange handle shaft (steel 45, pipe 16x2, l40, 2 pcs.); 19 - Course control lever rack (pine, rail 30x30, 4 pcs.); 21 - washer (steel 45, 036x16x2, 2 pcs.); 22 - Tramen (Plywood BS, S10); 23,25 - Basins (pine, 4 pcs.); 24 - Wedge-horse (plywood BS, S16, 2 pcs.)

Additional fastening of stringers: A - drilling holes in Stringer and Spanort; B - the formation of the first twist and the tension of the wire; B - the formation of a second twist; 1 - spline; 2 - Stringer; 3 - WAT wire with a diameter of 1.2; 4 - Ready mounting knot

Nasal Aero Schedule: 1 - Basin (Pine); 2 - the shell of the fairing (aluminum, sheet S1,5); 3 - wind visor (organic glass, S4 sheet); 4 - the roof of the luggage compartment (aluminum, sheet S1,5); 5 - bolt M4 (9 pcs.); 6 - frame (pine, rail 20x20); 7 - luggage shelf (plywood S3); 8 - flaming (wire of ABS diameter 2); 9 - Shock 6x16

A method of manufacturing a wind visor: 1 - Visor's workpiece (leaf of organic glass); 2.4 - clamps; 3 - soldering lamp; 5 - model (pine, plywood); 6 - Prothesing line

Keel aerosanis; 1 Castle rib (BS, S20 plywood); 2-front edge (pine, rail 40x25); 3 - Basin (Pine, 5 pcs.); 4 - filler (PS-1 foam); 5 - rib (plywood S3, 2 pcs.); 6 - covering (plywood S3); 7 - spar (pine, rail 25x25); 8 - opening 06 for the bolt of fastening of the pan; 9 - ending (pine, rail 40x25); 10 - rear edge (pine, rail 40x25)

Kiel mount: I - Kiel; 2 - BearS; 3 - bolt M6 (2 pcs.); 4 - screws 3x20 (4 pcs.); 5 - weld head bolt (steel 45, leaf 30x30, S2,2 pcs.); 6 - 20x6x2 washer (2 pcs.); 7 - Nut M6 (2 pcs.)

The main elements of control posting (right branch): 1 control; 2.6 - steering bumps; 3 - long traction; 4 - rocking chair; 5 - short thrust

Construction of the right lever control unit: 1 - finger diameter 6 (steel 45); 2 - sleeve under the lever shaft (steel 45, pipe 16x2, L40); 3 - Wedge (from the Bicycle Kit "Eagleok"); 4- steering thai (connecting rod from the bicycle cart "eagle"); 5 - control lever (steel pipe 22x2); 6- steering thrust (steel pipe 16x1,5, L13 25); 7 - shaft (steel 45, rod with diameter 12); 8 - lever clamp (steel 45); 9 - tip steering thrust (steel 45)

The design of the Rocking Molding Node: 1 - Rocking (steel 45); 2 - Bearing 60201; 3.7 - 20x12x2 washers; 4 - crown nut M8; 5 - plinth; 6 - axis-pin M8 (rod with diameter 12); 8 - screws 3x6; 9 - mortgage Nut M8; 10 - Deck Stressed Stringer

Installation of fish: 1 - rhy-nut M6; 2 - nasal boll; 3.6 - controlling MB; 4 - hairpin M6; 5 - Spand number 1

Drive steering wheel (left branch): 1 - Long steering (steel pipe 16x1,5, L1325); 2 - the boot (tarpaulin, slides freely); 3 - Rocking; 4 - short steering (steel pipe 16x1,5, L185); 5 - tower steering; 6 - shaft steering wheel; 7 - shaft sleeve; 8 feather steering; 9 - heel (stainless steel); 10 - Wedge-Konk

Design of wedge-riding and wheel drive direction: 1 - wedge-horse (plywood BS S16); 2 - edging (stainless steel, strip S3); 3 - bolt M6 fastening edging (3 pcs.); 4 - pen steering (steel U10A, sheet S2.5); 5 - Feather lining (steel U10A S2.5); 6 - Cup of the steering wheel (from the bicycle carriage "Orlenok"); 7 - Wedge (from the Bicycle Bicycle Bicycle); 8 - shaft sleeve (steel 45); 9 - shaft steering wheel (steel 45); 10 - rear bolt M6 kil fastening; 11 screw screw bolt head (2 pcs.); 12 -Kladnaya nut M6 (2 pcs.); 13 - rivet (diameter 3, 4 pcs.)

Installation of the left underground: 1 - figure nut M8X1.5 (4 pcs.); 2 - Stringer Ski; 3 - subsidence (steel U10a, S2); 4 - Boltm8x1.5 (2 pcs.)

Installation of the fuel tank: 1 - fuel tank (plastic canister with a capacity of 5 liters); 2 - container (aluminum, sheet S1); 3 - deck; 4 - hook (steel wire with a diameter of 3, 2 pcs.); 5 - clamp (rubber belt); 6 - pallet (aluminum, sheet S 1)

Drawings of homemade aerosas "Otter"

(Part two)

An aerosan engine frame is a welded structure made mainly of steel pipe 22x2. The main power elements of the frame - arcs are bent in the heated state of the pipe segments pre-stocked down by sand. The ends of the arcs have horizontal clip under the mounting brackets to the anesthesia housing, and the middle (above) are connected by the crossbar to which the four vertical engine suspension robes are reinforced with steel brazers with a thickness of 2 mm.

In the same time, on the left and right, the welding arcs are attached to the welding arcs from the pipe 16x2 under the plugs of the windows of aerodynamic keel. To the rear end of the left arc, before welding the bottom of the climb, there are two details: a ring of steel wire with a diameter of 6 mm and a starting pulley. The first grabbed welding and is intended to limit the course up of the second, and the second, freely moving on the arc, is to start the engine with a cord. The ring for easy sliding pulley is periodically covered with lithol-24 lubrication.

Using the pulley, the engine is started as follows. The driver hills the launch cord on the flywheel (one and a half or two turns), raises the pulley to the ring, puts the cord on it and smoothly, but with force pulls him on himself. The engine begins to work, the cord jumps from the pulley and that under the action of gravity falls down the arc down, occupying its transport position. The engine (cylinder down) is attached to the motor frame by four M8X1.5 bolts through shock absorbers - rubber bushings inserted into vertical clips.

Bolt nuts are chatted. Similarly, the aerosano housing, or rather, the engine frame itself is attached to the brackets on reinforced stringers. In the same way - through the rubber shock absorbers, only with steel plug-in fingers with a diameter of 6 mm instead of bolts, are attached to the engine frame of the aerodynamic keel.

Outer Aerial Engine - gasoline, single-cylinder, two-stroke power 18 hp And the most important thing is homemade, made of nodes and parts of various boat, motorcycle and starting engines.
Motor Carter Molds from an aluminum alloy AP2 under the landing sizes of the crankshaft from the PD-10M start-up engine and has a connector with a similar "Puskachovsky" Carter, a connector with four bolts M8X1.5 (in two seating holes for them, steel control bushings that task the accuracy of the Carter assembly were introduced for them) and two screws M6 (below).

Poslabage flow of the seating surfaces of the parts of the Carter was carried out on turning machine using the simplest devices. Purpose channels and all internal surfaces are thoroughly processed manually. Carter's tightness provide gaskets and rubber reinforced cuffs.

The crankshaft, as already mentioned, from the "start". For installation, the Magneto Drive HamphTe \u200b\u200bMagneto Front Shank is refined: first, a bit shorten; Secondly, the groove was chosen in his neck under segment key; Thirdly, the axial hole with the M6 \u200b\u200bthread is drilled for the fastening screw of the demummouft. In the crankshaft crank cart rotates in three bearings: its front shank will put one bearing - roller 2206, on the rear two - roller 2206 and ball 206

Lubrication channels of all bearings are expanded. In addition, there are three spacers for shanks with a thickness of 1 mm: one on the front and two - to the rear.

Flywheel, too, from PD-10m. On the perimeter of his rear end, six M8X1.5 thread holes are drilled for the hub mounting screws. To the last four bolts M8X1.5 docked the air screw. The heads of the screws and nuts of the hub bolts are completed in a circle with steel wire.

The cylinder together with the sleeve - from the engine of the Motorcycle "Izh-Planet-3", will be pulled to the Carter with four pillars M10. In the right side of the cylinder (in the cover of the bypass channel), three holes are drilled: two threaded M5 for fastening the diaphragm pump and one for the filling of the rubber hose, which is connected to the fuel pump. Piston with rings and piston finger too from PD-10M. Only in the piston skirt are cut additional windows with a size of 30x30 mm.

Magneto drive alummoupes are sharpened on a lathe from textolite. He has a groove under the leash of the ignition timing and a sponge groove.

Magneto type M24 with Ignition Guide Couplet is attached to a specially molel in front of the front of the crankcase with three screws M6. From the magneto to the button "Stop" the cable with two stretches stranded wires. The working direction of the rotation of the crankshaft of the engine is set by the type of magneto (left or right rotation). And further. If you change the geometry of the flange of the front of the crankcase, then instead of the magneto it is easy to install a generator from the "Sunrise" motorcycle. In a word, various options for the configuration of the aerosan engine are possible.

The inlet of the carburetor is also homemade, although it is not eliminated to use the modified pipe from the "Izh-Plan-Ta-3" motorcycle. It is only important that with the operating position of the engine cylinder down the cover of the housing of the carburetor mixing chamber did not touch the magneto.

Mechanical fuel pump - from the "Neptune" boat engine; Manual pulling, embedded in the hose "Fuel tank - carburetor" path, - from the boat "surf". Carburetor - K-36 and simple air cleaner. Such is the design of the otter aerosas, which I enjoyed for several years. And without any - even small - breakdowns.
(Author: V.Petrov, Krasnoyarsk Territory)