Homemade aerosani from what engine is better. Aeroan Wooden Screw Production Technology

17.11.2020

Homemade Aerosani. For fisherman. Firstly, the suspension of the power unit (and not to install it, as usual), secondly, the steering control of the "TV" type - it is carried out by turning not only skis, but the entire front axle. And last. The return of the controlled bridge with skiing to its original position and hold it on the course of direct stroke is made not so much with the steering, how much torsion, in the role of which is the safety arc. Describing the design of aerosas, I will immediately make a reservation: due to the lack of argon welding, all the connections of parts in the nodes had to be made bolted using bushings and brackets, and in places and rivet.

Frame homemade aerosanis Range type - single-bar. Docked and connected to the spar of the rear axle beam and the motor stand are backed up by the pink connections of the frame elements - mostly detachable. So I made them for disassembling aerosas and a very overall frame for summer compact storage. The spars and the rack are made of a duralumin pipe with a diameter of 70 mm with a thickness of the walls of 2.5 mm, and the beam of the rear axle and the soil is also from a duralumin pipe, but the diameter and thickness of the walls is smaller - respectively, 40 mm and 1.5 mm.

The role of the drivers of the motor racks also play the handrails of the seats, although they can only be called rules only conditionally - the lifts of the driver's seats and the passenger are hung, froths from a duralumin of a thickness of 2 mm. The seats themselves are made of a thick foam sheet and are trimmed with a tarp cloth to the frame, one can take another element of the aircraft - a safety arc. It is made of two dusted duralumin pipe cuts with a diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm.

However, it would be better to make an arc from a solid pipe (I, unfortunately, was not found at the time of manufacture) because it also performs the role of amortizing the front controlled bridge suspension and is a peculiar subpatch of the main rack. But about the arc - later. About the same managed bridge, as on the cart, I did not make a reservation. Return to such a subsidized steering scheme I was advocated to be simplicable, besides, it was very combined with shock-absorbing safety arc and a single-barrack frame. The front axle is connected to the front side of the spar through a squastle and silent block (rubberometallic sleeve), the housing of which is inserted into the front hole of the spar pipe.

Skvorem serves bolt M22. The compound of the front axle with the arc of safety (it is the maintenance) is carried out not directly, but by means of a console fixed in the middle of the bridge (perpendicular to it) of the pipe with a diameter of 40 mm with a wall thickness of 1.5 mm. The free (front) end of the removal is also connected to the front end of the security arc "two-seamless" triangular bracket. The length of the removal was determined experimentally, within 200 - 250 mm. A smaller length impairs the "voucher" - the self-argument of the car at the direct course, and great - it makes it difficult to control the anems (rotation of the steering wheel).

By the way, to facilitate the turn of the helm subsequently at the end of Torciona attached the silent block (although it is possible to help my legs, both by plane). When turning the steering wheel, and, therefore, the front bridge with skiing the safety arc deviates to the side, and also spinning slightly. After removing the effort on the handlebar, the arc strives to return to its original position while holding the skiing on the direct course. The steering wheel itself is a motorcycle type, it is only fixed on the bridge at three points through the grooves-levers.

A gas control cable of the engine is laid from the roaring of the arc-torsion. At the ends of the front axle (as well as the rear) on the axes are skiing. To protect against side strike, the skis to the bridges are additionally attached to the piping (it would be better by shock absorbers) through the bearing sleeves: the front - two, the rear - one (in the rear) and rotate in the vertical plane together with skis. Ski self-made - all the same. Rockets from 5 mm leaf duralumin brand D16T aluminum rivets. To give stiffness in the middle of the skis, a longitudinal strip-wall is welded, and the band is also a strip strip. The sole is made of a polyethylene sheet with a thickness of 5 mm, and the width is 10 mm more on each side.

In the curved part of the sole sole to the ski attached rivets, and in length is simply pressed with a cut from the steel corner, so that the sole is due to the difference in the thermal expansion, it does not cord. A small part of the rear end of the skis together with the sole is also bent up 50 mm. At the ends of the beams of skis bridges are mounted on rolling bearings, the housings of which are fixed on the ski racks. The brewing machine in itself is traditional and consists of a power unit from a snowmobile "Buran" with a capacity of 28 hp. and self-made pushing air screw constant steps. Screw with a diameter of 1400 mm, wooden blades with metal flops at the ends.

The maximum thrust created by them in place is about 95 kgf, which allows the anems to develop speed up to 70 km / h along the ice of the frozen river. The transmission of torque from the engine on the screw is carried out through a four-hour clinorem. The diameter of the driving pulley is 205 mm, and the slave - 380 mm, that is, the gear ratio is 1.85. The belt tension is carried out by turning the eccentric axis in the sleeve followed by the fixation of one in another clamp. Fastening the power unit on the frame is not quite common. First, it is not installed on it, and suspended on the console beam and is attached to it through the rubber sleeves-gaskets The cantilever beam is simultaneously focusing through which the thrust from the screw is transmitted.

In addition, the beam is attached to the rack hinged through the silent block. Additional mounting of the engine to the frame and at all extraordinary - stretch marks - aircraft flexible cables with a diameter of 4 mm with tension tenders. Such a helical suspension on the frame on the frame almost eliminates the vibration of the screw fencing of the screw until there is, of course, the rotating screw is a dangerous thing. But if you make a simplified fence, it can play with a man who operates Sani, and even more so with a passenger "evil joke"

In a psychological plan, they will think that they are protected. In fact, the probability of injury from the rotating screw remains. If you do a fence, then complete - in the form of a thin grid on both sides and around the circle. And so that the screw does not torrow with the back of the back of the aerosans snow, the more ice, the tail is made - in the back of the spar pipes inserted a fondest dry mass aerosanis It is about 140 kg. Full commercial (two people and 20 liters of fuel) - approaching 300 kg of brakes in aerosanishas no, the stop is fairly quickly carried out by friction soles about the snow after the gas reset.

Aerosani with a suspended screw-breeding group and "TV" front bridge (parts of all positions, besides particularly specified, are made of duralumin D16T): 1-lapse (from the Motonart "Buran"), 2 - clinoremated four-sided transmission (i \u003d 1.85); 3-Type screw diameter 1400 (tree with metal end edging), 4 - Console beam, 5 - Upper stretching engine mounting (steel cable with a diameter of 4.2 w g), 6 - Main rack (pipe WhiteDiameter70 × 2.5), 7 Plain Connecting safety arc to the rack (sheet S5, 2 pcs.). 8-upper part of the safety arc (tube WhiteDiameter50 × 2), 9-mount gas cable to the safety arc (rubber, by need), 10-connecting bracket parts of the safety arc (sheet S5, 2 pcs), 11 - inclined part of the safety arc ( pipe with a diameter of 50 × 2); 12 - spar (pipe with a diameter of 70 × 2.5); 13-steering wheel (motorcycle type), 14-central steering wheel (steel pipe with diameter 28); 15- side steering wheel (pipe diameter 14, 2 pcs); 16 silent security arc (from washing machine), 17-node Connection of the safety arc and front axle (sheet S5,2 pcs), 18 - removal (pipe with a diameter of 30 × 1.5), 19-going pitch pitch (pipe with a diameter of 40 × 1.5, 2 pcs.) , 20 - the back seat of the passenger (foam in the tissue case); 21 is a rear seat lodgment (sheet S5), 22-handed-pad (pipe with a diameter of 30 × 1.5, 2 pcs), 23 front seats (sheet S5); 24 - front seat (foam in a tissue case), a 25-core gas (from a motorcycle); 26 - Introducing engine mounting (steel cable 4, diameter 2 pcs.); 27-Tandder (2 pcs), 28 - fuel tank (20 l), 29 -hvost-hitch (pipe diameter 64), 30- Rear axle, 31-rear ski (2 pcs). 32-mounting platform (cord, 2 pcs), 33 - playground (Avizient fabric, 2 pcs), 34-beam front controlled bridge (pipe with a diameter of 40 × 1.5.2 pcs.), 35 - Front ski (2 PC)

Rear axle and its connection with the frame: 1-side member, 2-bracket-homute mounting to the spar crossing frames of the seats and rear axles, 3 - cross frames of the seats, 4 boosters, 5 - ski, 6 - bracket-clamp mounts to the rear axle bridge, 7 - fastening sleeve to the rear Ski row bridge, 8 - rear axle beam (2 pcs), 9-pitch rack (2 pcs), 10-seat frame, 11-main rack; 12 - loop fastening the base of the seat to the frame (10 pcs.); 13 - bracket-clamp mounts to the seat frame rack and motor, 14-bracket of the spar fastening to the main rack, 15-sleeve fastening the seat frame to the spar and the main rack (2 pcs); 16 - connecting brackets (2 pcs)

Front Axle and Ski: 1 - Ski, 2 - ridge boost. 3-curd, 4-ridge; 5-rivet; 6-front pitch rack (2 pcs), 7-rear rack pitch (2 pcs), 8 case with rolling bearing, 9-rack, 10-UCHO fastening Ski Ski to the ridge (2 pcs), 11 - Bulk with fork, 12 Rear skis boost (2 pcs), 13 - bushing of the attachment of the pan to the beam of the bridge, 14- bracket of the full range; 15 bridge beam, 16-chamber, 17-hinge bridge beam joint and spar, 18 - beam and removal compound bracket, 19-bracket of the deposit and safety arc, 20- footboard

Suspension of the power plant on a console beam and cable stretch marks: 1 - Eccentric axis, 2 - sleeve (steel, pipe with a diameter of 50 × 2), 3 - clamp with a clamping bolt, 4-screed of upper stretch marks (rubber harness), 5-upper stretch marks, 6-cantilever beam (steel pipe with a diameter of 40 × 1.5), 7-axis of the hinge (bolt M16), 8-silent block, 9 - bushing-bracket mounting of motors on the main rack, 10 - main rack; 11 -Sell motor mounting to the console beam (4 pieces), 12 - Engine, 13 - Sleeve rack, 14 - bushings (2 pcs.), 15 - beam wing (4 pcs.), 16 - engine output shaft. 17 - Lower Stretching (cable with diameter 4, 2 pcs.), 18 - Tandera (2 pcs.), 19 - sleeve - gasket (rubber, 4 pcs)

The first my homemade for fishing was Aerosi ... At first I got a uncomplete head boat motor Vortex 30, which I had to go through and modify ... Water pump was installed from a Muscovite in a homemade case, the water channels were reserved in the cylinder block, the cylinder heads were made to remove the hot coolant, the axis of the cylinder was installed on the cylinder head with a tension roller and expansion Bachkom

, A new silencer was made ... A radiator from Muscovite was installed for cooling the brake fluid ...

Scraper-type brakes were installed on the rear skiing, the drive of the brake handbrake from the Zhiguli, through the cables ...

The sleda frame was made of profile squares of the square section, the seat and steering fork with the wheel was installed from the motorcycle sunrise ... Skiing were made of a welded corner, with a sole with an extended polyethylene tube. The depreciation of irregularities in the rear skiing was carried out by springs installed on them, and the front ski of the motorcycle telescopic fork ...

The 1,5 meter air screw was made by their three glued tensions with a width of 150 mm ... with the subsequent blowing fiberglass and the tiny tin of the scarring edge of the screw, so that the bushes could be mounted without consequences: D ....

Then painted ...

After improving and painting began to look like

Then like that

Since Aerosani was made to snow felt on a concrete ramp of a skiing ...: D

then not waiting for snow put his fan on the wheels ...

Aerosani is a unique vehicle, according to the snow in the snow, there are no equal in this type of transport. Therefore, they are considered an indispensable assistant for any angler. From the point of view of the design, it is a vehicle with polls for movement in the snow, and it moves with the help of an aviation propeller, which rotates the gasoline engine.

Sanya is able to develop speed up to 150 km / h, which is an indisputable advantage over snowpads. If there is a cab and soft suspension, Aerosani may be the most comfortable vehicle after the car. But the car in the impassable expanses, covered with snow, will not go.

At first glance, everything is very difficult, but if you are in touch, then there are no difficulties, and Aerosani actually makes it from the priestly funds without spending tremendous effort.

Aerosani is, in essence, chainsaw, but with relatively not high power it is possible to develop a greater speed. For example:

Engine turnover - 4700.
Power - 15 hp
Maximum propeller force - 62 kg.
The diameter of the screw is 1300 mm.
The largest number of revolutions of the screw is 2300.
The gear ratio of the gearbox is 1.85.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe polozov is 0.68 m square.
Capacity of the fuel tank - 40-50 liters.
The highest speed is 40-50 km / h.
The greatest speed in solid snow is 50-70 km / h.
The greatest speed in the snow, on the expanses - 70-80 km / h.
The greatest speed on the snowmall is 100-110 km / h.
Maximum weight (without driver) - 90.7 kg.
Maximum weight with cargo - 183 kg.

Load capacity is full weight vehicle with passengers and ammunition. There may be up to 5 people in Aalnia. Therefore, in complete gear, the weight of the vehicle can reach 300 kg.

In other words, Aerosani is a rather roomy type of transport that allows people and cargo to considerable distances in the conditions of total snowing. They can also be replaceable in fishing or hunting.

Location of movement

If there is no powerful engine on the vehicle, then one tank, a capacity of 40 liters is enough to drive up to 300 km.

Fuel reserve

As a rule, a standard tank is installed at 40-50 liters. In addition, on the road you need to take a fuel container, a volume of 20 liters. This fuel is enough to overcome the considerable distance without refueling. In any case, you need to correctly calculate the fuel reserve, as in the snowy wilderness, it is unlikely to be able to do it.

According to the usual Rocky Snow of Aerosa, it is possible to overclock up to 50 km / h, and according to the untouched, which has long been lying snow - up to 80 km / h. The presence of a solid NAST allows you to overclock the structure up to 110 km / h. At such a speed, the risk of tipping appears, since the stability of the aerosas is reduced.

Engine Brake Design and Start

Since Aerosani are an exclusive type of transport, the brake system has far from a classic design. The design of the brakes resembles peculiar scrapers, which are mounted at the ends of the rear ski. They are powered by cables coming from brake pedal. When you press pedals, the scrapers are lowered downwards than and slow down the strength of the aaros.

Aerosani for fishermen in winter, so useful as the boat in summer, although there are far from the summer in the summer. And, nevertheless, at the aerials you can safely reach the center of any reservoir, if there is durable ice. Although, if you compare with the car, then you can get to the anemia and in deep snow, which you can't do on the car. In addition, the thickness of the ice is required slightly smaller, since Aerosani is much easier.

How to make aerosani do it yourself

As practice shows, it's not so difficult to make Aerosani, although you have to stock time, tool, materials for work and drawings. At the same time, it is necessary to observe accuracy in manufacturing, since here the laws of physics and aerodynamics are put forward on the fore. The qualitative work of all units will depend on such knowledge, and therefore - the durability of the vehicle.

Begin to make Aerosani from the manufacture of a housing, which consists of a frame and plating. In order for the frame to have significant strength, two spars are provided in the design. They have the following dimensions: 35x35x2350 mm. In addition to them, power stringers are introduced into the design in the amount of 5 pieces, dimensions of 20x12x2100 mm. Plus to everything, the case has a front compartment and a comcomposition from behind, where the engine should be located. The case must have aerodynamic forms, so it has a narrowing in the front.

The entire body, throughout the entire extension, four squeaks located at an equal distance one from the other. They are made solid from plywood, 10 mm thick. Spanmosts, for greater reliability, especially broad, have a cross-enhancing special beams.

First of all, the lower frame is mounted on which the splits are installed. Here the struts are mounted, which are attached to the spangling corners. After that, stringers are fixed. The frame is glued with casein glue. The joints of the joints are fixed with the help of gauze, after which, these places are abundantly soaked with glue. Another option is possible: first the bandage is impregnated with glue, and then they are windproof compounds.

The housing is trimmed with plywood sheets, and over the mounted casing from duralumin. The seat for the driver can be done also of plywood or installed factory plastic. In the back, behind the seat, there is a place for baggage where the tools, spare parts, gasoline containers can be stored, and personal fisherman's personal things.

Winjector installation requires a more serious approach, rather than assembling the cab and housing. To rotate the screw mostly take the engine from the IL-56 motorcycle. The screw shaft is mounted on the bearing, which is located on the frame.

The engine is mounted on a wooden plate, with the help of two brackets and four boosts. The stove has dimensions of 385x215x40 mm. Plate is desirable to sew plywood, 5 mm thick on both sides. Duralumin milling corners are attached to the paws.

In order to adjust the clinoremal transmission to the screw, there is a plate of plywood or textolite between the chapellers and the stove. Engine cooling is carried out by a fan that is installed on the crankcutter by means of a bracket.

Installation of the chassis is the continuation of the 2 previous steps. As a skis serves a plywood, a thickness of 10 mm. To strengthen them, it is used a thicker bar, and the upper part of the ski is squeezed by stainless steel. The entire ski mechanism is attached to the housing using M6 screws.

The design of the ski consists, just from the subsidement, which is made of pipe, with a diameter of 8 mm. At the ends of the pipe is flattened. The pipe is fastened in the middle part of the mount under the "cable". Supports allow aerosans to maintain stability on turns.

The front of the skis bends. For this, the ski is placed in boiling water (only the part that you want to bend) and bended using the device (stapel). In order for the front of the ski to save the form, a metal plate is installed. Spring ski is made of wood and has three parts.

The bottom part is made from the birch, which has dimensions of 25x130x1400 mm. It is fastened to it. Upper and middle part - pine. Together they are connected by M8 bolts and duralumin sheets. In the front of the ski there is a special shock absorber, which does not allow ski to go into the snow when driving. He was made of rubber harness. The back of the aerosas and so harder, and together with the Ski harness is always directed upwards.

The acceleration of the aerosan movement is carried out at the expense of pressure on the corresponding pedals, and the change in the direction of movement is by means of the steering column.

So that there are no problems with the work of the aircraft, it is better to take a ready-made propeller, since it is very difficult to make it very difficult, especially since the first time.

Any vehicle must have several mandatory instruments, such as speedometer, tachometer, ammeter and ignition lock. Does not hinder the fuel level indicator. All major devices are installed on the front panel made of textolite.

You can set some additional devices, but only if there is, at least some meaning. Well, for example, a GPS navigator that may be needed if the path is long and unfamiliar places.

The cockpit should also be a lever of the air and throttle damper of the carburetor. On the left side of the cabin it is desirable to install a rearview mirror, and from above the cab - the visor.

This design is much easier than the above design. As a motor, a motor from chainsaws is used here. Despite his simplicity, at similar aerosals, it is unlikely that anyone will decide to go fishing.

To move for serious distances, a motor is required, with a capacity of about 12 hp, and the power of the motor from chainsaws is only 4 hp The principle of installation is the same as in the first case.

If the reservoir is not far away, just a few kilometers, then you can go fishing and on such anemia, equipping them with place to move fishing accessories.

Such a design as Aerosani requires special attention, as there is a rotating item, which carries the potential danger to others. This detail is a rotating screw or, as it is called, a propeller. So that a person does not hit his rotation and was not injured, it must be hidden in a special casing. In addition, this cover will protect others, it will protect himself and the screw itself from foreign objects, which simply can break it.

During the work, it should be strictly observed all sizes given in the drawings. Independent manufacture requires great care: it is necessary to control each bolted joint, especially skiing, as they experience the bulk.

During operation, it is necessary to regularly check the fastenings, as well as the propeller itself for defects. In addition, you should pay attention to normal work Engine, for the presence of fuel and oil level. Only so you can count on the trouble-free operation of the self-made device, especially if it is designed for long-term operation.

Aerosani is able to ease the life of the fisherman and is very essential, especially in the snowy areas. This is the only vehicle, not counting the snowmobile, where you can easily move in such conditions for long distances.

At first glance, everything is very difficult, but if you are in touch, then there are no difficulties, and Aerosani actually makes it from the priestly funds without spending tremendous effort.

Aerosani is, in essence, chainsaw, but with relatively not high power it is possible to develop a greater speed. For example:

Engine turnover - 4700.
Power - 15 hp
Maximum propeller force - 62 kg.
The diameter of the screw is 1300 mm.
The largest number of revolutions of the screw is 2300.
The gear ratio of the gearbox is 1.85.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe polozov is 0.68 m square.
Capacity of the fuel tank - 40-50 liters.
The highest speed is 40-50 km / h.
The greatest speed in solid snow is 50-70 km / h.
The greatest speed in the snow, on the expanses - 70-80 km / h.
The greatest speed on the snowmall is 100-110 km / h.
Maximum weight (without driver) - 90.7 kg.
Maximum weight with cargo - 183 kg.

Loading capacity is the total weight of the vehicle with passengers and ammunition. There may be up to 5 people in Aalnia. Therefore, in complete gear, the weight of the vehicle can reach 300 kg.

Location of movement

If there is no powerful engine on the vehicle, then one tank, a capacity of 40 liters is enough to drive up to 300 km.

Fuel reserve

Engine Brake Design and Start

How to make aerosani do it yourself

The acceleration of the aerosan movement is carried out at the expense of pressure on the corresponding pedals, and the change in the direction of movement is by means of the steering column.

So that there are no problems with the work of the aircraft, it is better to take a ready-made propeller, since it is very difficult to make it very difficult, especially since the first time.

You can set some additional devices, but only if there is, at least some meaning. Well, for example, a GPS navigator that may be needed if the path is long and unfamiliar places.

The cockpit should also be a lever of the air and throttle damper of the carburetor. On the left side of the cabin it is desirable to install a rearview mirror, and from above the cab - the visor.

This design is much easier than the above design. As a motor, a motor from chainsaws is used here. Despite his simplicity, at similar aerosals, it is unlikely that anyone will decide to go fishing.

If the reservoir is not far away, just a few kilometers, then you can go fishing and on such anemia, equipping them with place to move fishing accessories.

Interest in aerosals as an individual means of movement in winter off-road and sports type of engine equipment has been manifested every long time. But such a massive, as now, enthusiastically, contributed to the hobby of amateur aerials, is undoubtedly an increase in the general technical level of young people. It is far from complete information, the number of aerosas built by lovers since 1968 has almost doubled.

When the engine ... brake

Many settlements in the northern regions of our country can be called, where there are from several copies to 25-35 aerosans. They are building not only individual lovers. They are created in school industrial circles, houses and palaces of pioneers, in urban stations young technicians, in vocational schools.

A large brake when creating an aerosano is that our industry does not produce special engines adapted to work with an air screw in the severe climatic conditions of the north with its low temperatures. Existing motorcycle engines that are most commonly used on homemade aerosals do not meet the requirements due to relatively low power. Therefore, the engines are usually paired (Fig. 1) or fit two, or even three to work on one or two air screws (Fig. 2).

Recently there has been a tendency to create engines of its own design. They are. As a rule, they are performed on the basis of serial parts and aggregates.

These engines (Fig. 3) are often distinguished by the original layout, high power and adaptability to work in winter conditions. The survey conducted by the editor showed that now about 8% of the total number of aerosans are equipped with homemade engines. It should also be noted a significant increase in the power of the used aerosis engines: 24.5% of them - its own design or motorcycle type M-72, M-61, M-63, K-750, Java-350, with a capacity of more than 20 liters. from.; 4.2% - automotive, with a capacity of 40 to 70 liters. from.; and 7.2% - old aircraft engines type M-11, AI-14, Walter Minor, etc.

Aesthetics and comfort

Analyzing the materials of the amateur buildings available at the disposal of the editorial office, I would like to note that recently the technical culture of structures has increased significantly, more attention was paid to aesthetics (Fig. 4), comfort, their external decoration. If 10 years ago, most aerosans were built through the simplest scheme, without a body that protects the driver and passenger from the oncoming flow of air and snow dust, now 55% of the machines are made with half-closed and more than 20% - with completely closed bodies. Moreover, these machines, as a rule, have a streamlined shape of the housing and a motor installation (Fig. 5 and 6).

Total 3.6% of the aerosas is built on a motorcycle scheme that is most beneficial for small power machines.

The three-liter chassis diagram prevails: 73.5% of well-known aerosans is built on it. The number of quadruple machines compared to 1965-1966 increased from 10 to 10%. A quadruple scheme is more laborious, but provides the best permeability of the sleigh on loose snow and good stability when moving around rough terrain, especially with steep turns at high speed.

Lovers apply on their sleigh mainly two-bladed wooden blocks, that is, made of solid bar or blank, glued from individual thin boards - trek.

Only 5.5% of the aerosas are equipped with three- or four-blade air screws; 3.5% of the screws are made with metal blades and as much - with the blades of the variable step (with a non-working engine).

Very little (less than 1%) screws - with a change in the angle of attack blades during the movement of the machine (our magazine reported readers about such screws - see No. 5 for 1969 and No. 2 for 1972). About 40% of aerosans are equipped with gearboxes; 25.8% of the gearboxes are made chain, the rest of the clinorenic and gear.

Below are brief information about some amateur aerials, which are of interest to a wide range of readers.

In the near Moscow region of Zheleznodor, a group of amateur aerial constructors has been operating for many years. I. Lukin, V. Mashencia, S. Kuznetsov and their young assistants created and successfully exploit a number of interesting machines.

Three skiing? FOUR?

I. Lukin first Aerosani built and experienced in the winter of 1969/70. They had a three-liter insufficiently stable scheme. The designer redid the car on the quadruple (see the tab). Front, controlled skis it installed on a tubular farm attached to the body, supplying them with spring depreciation. Lowly located (almost the soles itself) the ski suspension point provides good stability and significantly increases the permeability of the machine according to a soft chilly snow.

Outsole skis are made of stainless steel, which also contributes to the improvement of aerosan chassis.

Improving the resistance of the machine is achieved and by reducing its center of gravity. The M-72 motorcycle engine is placed on the body frame at the bottom rear on special nodes. On the engine there is a magneto and a car centening pump, operating from the cam roller, the drive to which is a wedge belt from the air screw shaft. To do this, the latter was installed with a pulley Ø 26 mm, and on the cam roller - Ø 80 mm. Magneto is mounted on the crankcase lid, where the ignition distributor is located from the engine.

The transmission from the engine to the air screw shaft is made by two parallel wedge-shaped belts. This eliminates the sink of belts when transmitting full power. Pulley on the shaft of the engine Ø 130 mm is made of duralumin. The slave pulley Ø 260 mm is planted on a knap on the tree of the air screw.

The same shaft is on the remote pylon, on two radial ball and one stubborn bearings.

The transfer ratio of the leading and slave pulleys is 1: 2, which made it possible to make an air screw with an increased burden. It is made of a birch bar.

Currently, I. Lukin is working on creating a more powerful two-cylinder engine.

S. Kuznetsov became interested in aerosals as long as the apprentice of the eighth grade. Interestingly, his first design was also a three-particle, single machine with a motorcycle engine IL-49. Motor was located at the back, on top, Pa tubular welded frame; The air screw was installed directly on the engine crankshaft shank. The motor was equipped with an aggregate magneto "Katk".

The second design (Fig. 7), created by S. Kuznetsov in 1972, with the same engine, was built on a motorcycle scheme. This is a single machine with a half-closed case. The engine on it was located at the bottom, on the transverse beam, with the transfer to the air screw shaft with two wedge-shaped belts.

This design is interesting in that the entire screw-engine group was a light grapple unit. In the summer it was dismantled and was used without any changes on the water.

The screw is made of a solid tree bar, with straight cuts of the ends of the blades. The air screw shaft is mounted on ball bearings installed in special jacks welded to the frame.

The aircraft body is assembled on glue and screws from bars with a cross section of 20 × 20 mm, she is trimmed with a plywood 2 mm thick. A transverse board is installed in the back, which serves as a support for the engine mounting brackets, the air screw frame and the cross pipe of the ski pendant.

Aerial skis are equipped with steel soles and have undercrows that provide stability.

The next stage of technical creativity S. Kuznetsova - Aerosani with two IZH-49 engines, with one screw drive.

Aerosani "Cricket" and "Kupavna"

But Wrzyvtsev, living in the suburbs, are building Aeros by the whole family: Kuzma Afanasyevich Wishiztsov - Head of the family, wife and son-schoolboy.

The beginning was put on the sledding of the three-particle scheme. They used the motor from the "Zaporozhets" car of the first issues. The engine was located at the top, and the air screw was installed directly on the crankshaft shank. The screw was three-bladed, metallic, each of the blades with its threaded shank was applied to the socket of the sleeve and was fixed by the locknut. This allowed it if necessary to change the corners of the installation of the blades.

The body of the machine was made of an old motorcycle stroller. Aeroani had good running quality, but the high location of the center of gravity did their small-resistant.

Therefore, in 1972-1973, K. Sheshivtsev made new, double aerosani "Cricket" (Fig. 8). The engine is used on them the same, but shifted down and fixed on the frame frame. The drive of the air screw is made by three wedge-shaped belts. The air screw itself is changed: it has become double-blade.

Aerosani "Criccock" is original in that they can be quickly turned into aerobil: they have 4 wheels of a small diameter, which, actually, and wear skis having special sockets and fastening the wheels of the wheels.

Low fitting machine provides it with good stability and allows you to move freely by rough terrain, without fear of overturning. Aerosani "Criccock" participated in the winter holiday in Zelenograd and attracted the attention of numerous participants in the plate.

In his free time, it loves to rush at Aerosa and P. Semkin from the village of Kupavna near Moscow. Such walks he considers the best rest.

His Aerosani is single, three-piece (see tab).

The front and rear suspension suspensions are originally performed. They consist of movable frameworks with spring shock absorbers. Such a suspension scheme helps Sanya to touch from the scene, even if skis, cameras. So that the ski socks are not buried in the snow, pulling springs are put between them and the rocking frame. Aerosnya provides for the fencing farms of the air screw.

The two-cylinder two-stroke motor develops the power of 16 liters. p., is equipped with a gear gear with a transfer ratio of 1: 3. The engine is located on a tubular under-motor frame at the top, above the housing rear edge. The air screw is wooden, block, installed on the shaft of the gearbox on the key.

The aircraft housing is semi-closed, streamlined shape, has windshield. Dry weight design only 96 kg. Sanya is operated since 1965.

Like an airplane

For the third year, the third year of the aerosanis of I. Sireks is improving its design, gradually achieving increasingly passability, speeds, reliability ..

Aerosani C-4 (Fig. 9) have a closed body. Two people are placed in the cockpit: the driver is on a comfortable front and passenger in the back seat. The cabin has a sliding lamp, similar to a self-balance.

At the aerials installed a M-72 motorcycle engine with a capacity of 22 liters. from.; It is placed in the lower back of the case, with the transfer of rotation to the air screw shaft by four wedge-shaped belts. The diameters of the pulleys ensure the reduction of revolutions in relation to 1: 1.4.

The air screw is two-blade, wooden, block. Having a diameter of 1.8 m, it provides a traction force of 84 kg.

In the cockpit - two

The sixth year is engaged in an independent construction of Aeros M. Kostekov from Neftegorsk Kuibyshev region.

Sanya moved many times, but the results were obtained quite satisfying the results. Anomy-4 (Fig. 10) is the fourth and most successful lover design. The car has nice appearance, good running quality, stable, maneuveran and, most importantly, reliable in work.

The design is made on a quadruple scheme, with front controlled skiing. The housing is semi-closed, streamlined shape. It houses two people.

Unlike the usually accepted scheme, when the driver sits in front and the passenger at the back, in the anoma-4 they are sitting nearby.

Despite the fact that the car has an incompletely closed body, windshield and upper glazed areas entrance doors It is well protected by passengers from the oncoming air flow.

The back of the housing is made with a large bevel, providing a good air approach to a working screw.

At the aerials, a motorcycle engine M-72 with a capacity of 22 liters was applied. from. It is placed above the rear edge of the case and is attached to the tubular motor frame. Air screw shaft set over the engine on a subframe. Transmission is carried out through the intermediate shaft of the chain. The engine is connected to an intermediate shaft through a cardan articulation, on the intermediate shaft, which rotates in ball bearings, two stars are placed: the presenter (for the drive of the screw shaft) and the small (from the rear wheel of the bicycle) - for the Magdin drive, gives the current for light instruments.

In the photo (from top to bottom). Unusual transmission from the engine to the air screw - two conical gearboxes with a rigid vertical shaft - made at Aerosa N. Melnikov (Tyumen).

Aerosani "On the contrary": steering skiing from the back, front - fixed, screw - front. Design I. Tzipan (Roven-Sky region).

Mini Sani L. Percene (Murmansk region) with an engine PD-10 / IL-49.

Mini Sani V. Mishagin (Gorky) with an IL-49 engine equipped with a gear gear.

Magdine is used from M-105 motorcycle, but in a homemade case. It is placed under an intermediate shaft and fastened with a bolt to the engine frame.

On the back cover of the engine, a double magneto is installed, which significantly simplified the ignition circuit and allowed to get rid of a heavy battery.

Aerial screw - left rotation, diameter - 2 m. Made from a pine layered bar. Screw shaft set on ball bearings.

M. Nostek is working on the creation of the screw of the variable (when moving) the steps of the blades, with the reverse - for braking (while the pin brakes are used in the rear ski).

Aerosani have a screw fence made of pipes and a rare protective grid.

The speed of movement of Anomo-4 aerosas in the tallest snow with a full load - 40-45 km / h.

Double gearbox

Easy aerosani with a capacity of 20 liters. from. Built I. Melnikov from Tyumen (p. 16). A closed glazed cabin provides good review And the necessary comfort for the driver of the car. In front of the front is a powerful headlight.

To reduce the center of gravity and ensure good stability of the machine, the engine is mounted on rubber couplings to the lower duralumin corps profiles.

It is originally transmitted from the engine to the screw shaft: through two gearboxes with. conical gears and vertical shaft. Transmission 11:20. Gear gears are placed in special flange housings. The vertical shaft connecting both gearboxes has soft cardan coupling compensating for possible inaccuracies when assembling the machine.

The air screw has three wooden blades, each of which enters its shank in the nest of the metal sleeve and is clamped with a special nut. The installation angle of the blades can be adjusted in place, with a non-working engine; Clamping nuts are torn off wire. The diameter of the air screw - 1.5 m.

The fuel supply is 40 liters, placed in two tanks, it is enough for 250-300 km. Maximum speed of aerosas - 90 km / h.

Aerosani - On the contrary?

"Vichr-2" - so called Aerosani, built by N. Zipan from the Rivne region. They develop speed up to 50 km / h.

Aeroani was performed on the "reverse" three-particle scheme - two front ski are fixed rigidly on a transverse beam, and the rear is controlled. IL-56 engine with a capacity of 13 liters. from. It is placed on the front of the hull beam, the air screw is four-blade, pulling, with a diameter of 1.4 m. Transmission from the engine to the screw shaft is carried out by a motorcycle chain.

The upper part of the engine and the air screw shaft is closed with an easily graded hood that provides good access to all engine installation units.

The blades of the screw are made of plywood with a thickness of 10 mm and their comral part on the bilateral paws of the sleeve, which is attached to the shaft on the key and is delayed with the utilian nut.

Aerial hull - closed type, with one door on the left side.

Mini Sani.

Several options for small-sized aerosas, one of which - see the photo - created L. Percene from the village of Olenya-1 Murmansk region. As an engine, he used the old, written by the tractor "start" PD-10, with small alterations: the water cooling cylinder is replaced by motorcycle, air cooling, from the engine IL-49.

To supply fuel from a gasoline tank (polyethylene canister) placed under the engine, a gas station of the Suspended Boat Motor "Wind-8" was used. To ensure the engine with fuel before starting between the tank and the gasoline pump, the manual paging pump is installed.

The air screw is duralumin, block, with reinforcing overlays in the comluge. The diameter of the screw is 1.1 m.

To increase the reference area and reduce the calcination of the machine when driving along a loose, deep snow, it has an additional fourth ski located between the rear, along the axis of the machine symmetry. When moving, the rear ski goes along the front of the front, controlled.

As a transverse beam, the rear suspension is used by the automotive springs (1 plate).

Aerosani differ in low weight and small dimensions: length - 3 m, width - 1.2 m. Developed speed - up to 50 km / h.

down cylinder

Valery Mishagin from Gorky was set to make a small, beautiful and lightweight car - such a goal, working out its aerosan design (in the photo). It succeeded. Aeroani you-1 compact, elegant, and their weight is only 80 kg. For these mini-sings, an IL-49 engine was used, located behind, down the cylinder.

To enhance the traction force of the air screw for the engine, a gear gear gear with a gear ratio of 1: 1.5 is installed, and the engine is forced. This made it possible to reduce the revolutions of the air screw, and by increasing the diameter to 1.4 m to increase the thrust. Wooden screw (birch), block.

The hull of aerosas in the lower part has a power frame and an easy superstructure of the streamlined shape, which leans forward along with the steering column, ensuring the convenience of landing the driver into the car. Case length is only 2 m.

When testing mini-sleeves showed a speed of 60 km / h.

I. Juvenalev, Engineer

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