Labor education of children. Card Survey on the topic: observations of houseplants of a card file

06.05.2019

Ustinova

Olga

Volgograd

Introduction ............................................................................ p. 2.

1. The value of the corner of nature in the upbringing ........................................ 3.

2. Organization of observation in the corner of nature ........................ ... p. five

2.1. Junior group ....... ................................................................ five

2.2. The middle group ......................................................... ... p. 6.

2.3. Senior group ..................................................................... .. 10

2.4. Preparatory group ............................................... sixteen

Conclusion ..................................................................... ... p. 31.

List of references .......................................................................... .. 33.

Introduction

The educational significance of nature is difficult to overestimate. Communication with nature has a positive effect on a person, makes it kinder, softer, wakes up the best feelings in it. The role of nature in the raising of children is especially great.

In the preschool institution, the guys acquaint themselves with nature occurring in it at different times of the year by change. Based on acquired knowledge, such qualities are formed as a realistic understanding of nature phenomena, curiosity, the ability to observe, logically think, is aesthetically applied to everything alive. Love for nature, careful attitude towards her, care for living beings give birth not only interest in nature, but also contribute to the formation of the best features of character, such as patriotism, hard work, humanity, respect for the work of adults, guarding and multiplying natural wealth .

To acquaint children with nature, to raise love for her will help the corner of the nature of the kindergarten, where houseplants and some animals are contained.

Inhabitants Corner of Nature Children see daily, which makes it easy to work as an educator; Under his leadership, the guys systematically observe and care for alive creatures. In the process of care for them, children receive an idea of \u200b\u200bthe variety of plant and animal peace on Earth, on how plants and animals grow and develop, what conditions need to be created for them. The educator teaches children to comparative analysis: comparing animals, find similarities and distinction between them, the general and different in plants, helps to notice the interesting features of the appearance, animal behavior. When viewed by indoor plants, the guys on the beauty of colors and leaves, on how those in a plant group and well-contained aquarium decorate the room. All this contributes to the formation of the feelings of the beautiful.

In the process of systematically care for plants and animals, the educator forms certain labor skills in children, teaches carefully to the inhabitants of the corner, take care of living beings, thus strengthening in children interest in nature, perseverance in achieving the result. Planning work, it should take into account specific conditions: the level of knowledge and skills of children of their group, the features of the natural environment.

1. The value of the corner of nature in education.

A corner of wildlife is of great importance for the implementation of the ideas of ecological education of children. First, the constant presence of plants and animals allows for children a sense of necessity in children. Secondly, systematic observations in the corner of nature and the availability of objects contribute to the development of specific ideas about plants and animals. Thirdly, attracting children to care for the inhabitants of the living corner lays the basics of a caring, responsible and careful attitude towards living beings, brings up love of nature. Fourth, beautiful and healthy plants and animals affect children's emotions, developing aesthetic feelings.

In general, when selecting objects for a living corner, it should be proceeded from the conditions and capabilities of a kindergarten and a natural environment.

To fulfill its role a corner of wildlife in children's garden Must meet the following requirements:

- "Better less, yes better", i.e. Use a small number of objects, but healthy, well-groomed and beautifully fit in the interior of the room better than a large number of randomly located, calving and dying individuals;

- When organizing a corner of nature, be sure to find out the question of the allergy of children to those or other plants and animals. If such a problem exists, then you should restrict ourselves to the general corner of nature, or animals contain in a separate room, or exclude allergenic objects from group corner;

- selected objects must be beautiful, typical, with pronounced signs;

- Plants and animals should be safe for children, i.e. not poisonous, without barns, are not aggressive, etc.;

- the inhabitants of the corner must be unpretentious and accessible in care;

- Selection of plants and animals must be carried out with regard to the age characteristics of children.

The corner of wildlife can be common to the whole kindergarten, in this case it performs more aesthetic task and serves to conduct periodic observations and excursions, as well as a corner can be organized in each group, and then it contains constant systematic observations and develops the skills of Care of plants and animals. In group corner are used, along with constant, temporary objects, for example, cut branches of trees, digged with flowerba plant, puppy, kitten, etc.

2. Organization of observation in the corner of nature.

2.1. Junior group.

Plants are used the most vivid, attractive, large, with well-distinguishable bodies. The main task: To teach to learn, distinguish and call 2-3 types of plants and their parts (stem, leaves, flower); To teach properly water with water from the watering can and wipe the leather leaves with a damp cloth. To solve this problem, plants can be used: geranium zone, fuchsia hybrid, Begonia Emerging, Balzamin Sultanovid, etc., Ficus Rubbone, Hibiscus Chinese Rosa, Aucuba Japanese, and the like will suitable for production of plants care skills. It is necessary that the plants are studied by 2 copies of each species. In addition to permanent objects in the younger group, temporary are used in the junior group: the onions grown on the feather, the distillation of tulips and hyacinths grown on the green dill and salad. For a successful acquaintance with plants, games can be used: "Find the same", "Find a couple", "big and small", "find all flowering plants", "find a plant similar to the grass, on the tree", etc.

Animals used in the youngest group should also have typical signs of their class and differ in the form of a body, a method of movement, living conditions, food character, so it is advisable to use gold fish or golden crucia, canary, and as temporary - rabbit as permanent objects , hamster, guinea pig, etc. Children of the younger group should help the tutor in caring for animals (pour food to the feeder, pour water into the drinking, pour sand into the cage).

In the second younger group, the results obtained in the preceding groups are expanding. Labor skills to care for plants and animals are given: With the help of the educator, children feed fish, birds, watered houseplants, wipe the big leaves, sow large seeds of colors, plant onions, watering plants on the beds and others.

Care houseplants Kids still unavailable: The teacher does it himself, but necessarily in the presence of children, attracts their attention to his actions, suggests looking like water from the watering can be poured, as it absorbs into the ground; Some children can help a little adult: to hold watering can, pour water into it, wipe a wide sheet with a damp cloth, etc. In the process of work, it is necessary to explain to children that watered plants and wipe the dust from the leaves so that they grow better.

Caring in the presence of children behind houseplants, it is necessary to attract the attention of children to the plants of the corner, increasingly and more often attract them to satisfying assistance and to observations, using different techniques for this: offering to stroke the dense smooth leaves of plants, sniff, admire Geranian flowers, Fuchsia, Remember how this room plant is called, etc. At the end of winter, the kids put onions. Each child puts his bulb into the filled ground box (the bulb can be planted almost close).

It is proposed to children first to touch the ground: it is soft, loose, consider your bulbs. Then each child does a shallow hole in directions, puts her bulb (sprout up), and then presses her in the Lukovica should sit in the ground.

In the corner of nature, flowers brought from walks, caught beetles, butterflies, etc. are placed. Acquire children to put flowers in a vase, banks, making up bouquets of them.

A beautifully decorated aquarium in the group will immediately attract the attention of children.

Aquarium is a reservoir model where almost all biological processes inherent for natural ponds and lakes occur. Observations for the life of fish and plants not only help to understand and love nature, bring up artistic taste, but also contribute to the development of observation skills, leaving organisms.

Watching the floating fish, it is explained how the fish swim by moving the tail and fin, it is asked if they have eyes, mouth. When feeding fish, children watch how fish quickly swim to the stern and grab it.

In the future, when feeding fish, kids are always invited to see how this is done, and then it is proposed to help some help feed fish. Of course, the children do it under the supervision, since they themselves do not immediately digest how much feed can be given to fish.

From the first days of familiarization of children with animals, the teacher encourages kids to watching animal habits: Offers to see how the bird began to root the grains, how floats fish in water.

It must be remembered that the interest of children is manifested in the most unexpected forms: the baby really likes the fish, and he launches his hand into the aquarium to hold her in his hand; He wants to stroke the bird, as a result of which it remains without a tail. Therefore, it should always be on worse and in time to stop such actions of children, explaining to them that it is impossible to do that, fish or a bird can get sick.

Bird care is much more difficult than fish. Bird must be fed regularly, and more than once a day, otherwise she will die. The cage should always be very clean. Water in the drinking should be changed at least twice a day, daily change the sand at the bottom of the cell, clean the jersey.

In the course of the instructions, the interest in the animals in children is strengthened, the kids are glad to watch them. But the knowledge of children about animals obtained in the process of episodic observations, fragmentary, often unsystematic; Children cannot express their impressions in speech, since their vocabulary is very small. Given this, the educator in animal observation classes not only specifies knowledge, strengthens the interest of the kids to animals, activates the desire of children to care for animals, in addition, the purpose of these classes is to deliver joy to children from communicating with living beings.

At the beginning of the class, the educator uses such techniques that help cause interest in children, attract their attention to the observed. For example, he makes a simple riddle; It does not matter if the children do not guess her, or the animal will be wrong. The teacher immediately brings the "Live Freight" group, and the children see about which animal it was discussed.

The questions of the children of the younger group are asked for concrete, such as they will be able to answer in one or two words, for example: "What ears, big or small? Long legs are long or short? " An animal is considered according to plan: first head, then torso, paws, tail. You need to give children a holistic idea of \u200b\u200ba living being, emphasizing that it moves, eats, i.e. Pay attention to the habits of an animal. You can offer one-two kids feed, say, rabbit, while paying attention to how it eats.

For the first observation, you should choose such an animal that children could not only consider, but also to stroke. The relationship that manifests himself is very important to the animal: his attentiveness, care is the best example for imitation.

Animal observation classes cause great interest in children. For a walk, children usually do not depart from the rabbit: everyone carries her herbs, treats him, strokes, calling him affectionate names. But the care of mammals in the kids is not available, so it should not hold in the younger groups of rabbits.

For a complete acquaintance with any animal, it is advisable to hold no less than two observation classes. If, during the first observation, children get acquainted with animals and receive the most elementary ideas about him, then when re-examining the knowledge of children is complemented and expanded, becoming more sustainable and interest in the object of observation.

After two months, you can re-occupy the observation of the rabbit - the same or other (adult or young). At the beginning of the classes, the educator uses another drink to attract the attention of children: reminds them that they have already seen the rabbit, and asks if they want to watch it again.

At the repeated occupation, the teacher is achieved from children of greater activity in considering the description of the animal, pays more attention to his habits. Here you can use the elements of comparison, ask: what color was the wool in the rabbit, which we considered before? Which of them is more? " You can feed the rabbit with another kind of feed, such as green oats, which children themselves raised, cabbage, salad. When viewed by the cub clarifies their name - rabbits, rabbits.

In about the same way, the teacher introduces children with pets - a cat, a small dog or a puppy.

An occupation for the observation of fish can be carried out in the same environment: put children in a circle, in the center of which to put a pelvis with water. Start a lesson with the famous reception children, but you can and otherwise: make a jar with water, in which the fish is located, and let the fish in the pelvis. Approximately also monitored the bird.

In the first animal observation, children in the younger group are sometimes so absorbed in the object of observation, which can be considered little - remember the fact of viewing itself, so the tutor should not be limited to one occupation. In the process of primary observation, the teacher gives children elementary knowledge about the appearance and chassions of birds and necessarily talks about the need to care about it. Then attracts kids to the care of the bird, watching her habits. For this purpose, the bird's observation is re-monitored. You can look at it with a proposal to consider the bird that lives in the group. If the educator managed to call in children a positive attitude towards an animal corner of nature, children are very willing to respond to the proposal of the teacher, despite the fact that they see the bird every day. The teacher at this occupation gives additional information about the bird (for example, the body of the bird is covered with rugs; the bird pecks herbs, etc.).

Knowledge of the birds are also getting on a walk, during systematic observations of birds at the feeders. Under the leadership of the teacher, they note the most characteristic, few signs of the appearance and the hawves of birds, compare contrasting birds, recognize their names. The kids see that the older children and the educator systematically feed the birds, care about them (especially in winter, when there is little food for birds), it strengthens the positive attitude of children to living beings and raises the desire to take care of them.

Knowledge of animals are consolidated by children in the process of didactic and mobile games ("who is like screaming", "Sparobushki and the car", etc.) In addition, the teacher picks up literary material for children: poems, stories, paintings for viewing - it has an emotional impact. For children and strengthens a positive attitude towards animals.

2.2. Medium group.

IN medium group Children should have the ability to see a variety of forms and quality of items, the ability to compare, to establish the difference and similarity. The main task It is the acquaintance of children not only with the peculiarities of plants, but also the conditions necessary for their lives, as well as the formation of new leak care skills (watering from the fine-satellite watering or spraying, removal of dust from the pubescent leaves with a soft brush). In the course of work in the corner of nature, children should see the dependence between the method of care and the state of the plant and the inverse dependence - from the value, the amount of the surface, fragility, i.e. In appearance, determine the way of care - how much moisture and light is required by this plant (for example, if the plants are fleshy leaves, like aloe, it is rare, and if the leaves are thin, fragile leaves, "transparent", like Balzine, then you need to pour it often). When selecting objects, it is necessary to take into account the variety of leaves in form and magnitude, it is advisable to use different types One kind (for example, geranium zonal and fragrant, begonia eternal and rex). As new plants, Agava American, Aloe tree, asparagus Cherish, Adiantum Venus Hair, various types of begonia and geraniums can be used. To memorize plants, the game "Hidden Plant" can be used, and duty are organized to consolidate the skills for care and forming a caring relationship.

When observing animals, children find out the dependence of movement from the characteristics of the structure of the limbs, compare animals of the same class, but different types.

Fish: body of oval shape; covered brilliant scales; on the back, stomach, tail - fins; Fish are large and small; different in color; Floating, then climb up, then fall down. Fishes are used differently in appearance and sobs - pond crucian and climbing, varieties of goldfish, except for a telescope and voulehwood, etc.

Birds: distinction in the plumage, the shape of the beaks, the color of the eyes, features of the legs; The body is covered with feathers; Sings (chirbing), bathes, pecks food. Canaries and wavy parrots.

Mammals: Form of face, color and length of wool, body size, ears, etc.; Information about the habits (listened, turn and raise the ears, wash off, sweatily steps, keep food in the legs). It is recommended to use animals of one squad, but different families - a hamster and guinea pig.

When caring for animals, children should be able to select different types of feed, wipe the walls of the aquarium, wash the drinkers and feeders, grow oats for food.

In the middle group, children are more independent. They acquired some knowledge and skills to care for plants and animals in the corner of nature. Now they can already under the supervision of daily executing instructions: pour plants, feed fish, birds, pouring fresh grass rabbit, etc. Now it is worth the task - to continue to form interest and love for nature in children, take care of animals and plants.

At first, under the supervision, and then the children independently perform plants care assignments: wipe large leaves, watered. In the middle of the winter you can already have a joint washing of houseplants with small subgroups of children.

It is entrusted to two-three children to wipe the plants, the rest to play, explaining that others will do this work next time. Pots with plants are put on the benches or on the floor, if the plants are high.

At the beginning, it is proposed to see how to wipe the leaves, showing how to carry out a rag on the sheet in one direction from the cutting to the end, otherwise the sheet can break. Then children rush the sleeves to not be swap them. Each is invited to wet a cloth in the pelvis, squeeze it, put a leaf on the palm of the left hand, and if the sheet is large, put a sheet on the whole handle, to the elbow, and carefully wipe, while working it is necessary to watch every child. Two-three children can be entrusted to wash the pallets in another pelvis with warm water.

Inspecting the plants after work, it is necessary to ask children: "What are the plants after they were flushed?" Test children to the conclusion: Care is needed by plants, then they will better grow and develop.

The acquaintance of children with fish, birds, small animals is a corner of nature.

The child of the fifth year of life can assist in caring for birds: wash the drink, pour water, pour food. Put ice and feeder to a certain place. In the process of this work, children are watching the birds, as they drink, swimming, splashing water, put delicacies-shoots of oats in a pot, which they themselves have grown for them.

The participation of a child in the care of birds contributes to the upbringing of a caring attitude towards living beings, the abilities carefully observe them, find out (small birds even adults often seem very similar).

In the corner of the nature of the middle group, you can contain a guinea pig or rabbit (if there are appropriate conditions). Now observations of these animals may not only be crotward in class, but also during the care of them.

The kids are still knowledge of the birds and with constant observations of them on the site: the feeders, on the trees, and the like. Notes which feed they eat how different birds eat differently. These observations can be used when conducting classes.

If the opportunity is given, in the summer, the educator also draws the attention of children on animals in natural conditions of their habitat: birds found in the forest, squirrel jumping on trees, fish in the reservoir. The guys are glad to consider animals, compare them with the inhabitants of their corner of nature.

In summer conditions, you can re-monitor rabbits: see how they jump in the grass, as small rabbits rose, behind which the senior guys are constantly taking care. So strengthens interest in animals and positive attitude towards them. This is also facilitated by reading fiction literature on animals, viewing illustrations, as well as a variety of children's games.

However, it should be remembered that an example of adults is the main condition for education in children of interest and careful attitudes towards nature.

During the winter, children sow oats for rabbits and birds (they need green food), like the kids put onions, they are following its growth, carefully watered (without pouring bulbs).

2.3. SENIOR GROUP.

In the senior group, children must learn to compare, classify and summarize. The main task It is the formation of ideas about the growth and development of animals and plants, changing them for the seasons, on the conditions necessary for normal growth and development.

When working with plants, copies are used with a variety of types of stalks of stalks (curly, stranded, reprehensive, etc.), modified shoots (bulbs, rhizomes, tubers). Children get acquainted with the appearance, a variety of stalks, leaves, flowers, vegetative reproduction (stem cuttings and mustache), determine the deposit methods depending on the nature of the structure of the stems and leaves. Recommended objects: 2-3 types of tradesansans, Rhocissus Rhombic, Golden SzindapSus, Persian cyclamen, Camery-forming, Amarilis, Clivia, aspidistra high. Children in the middle group must master new plants care operations: feeding and reproduction with cuttings and mustache. To better memorize plants, you can apply the game "Guess the description".

When working with animals, children find out their fitness to the conditions of habitat, i.e. The relationship is "building-lifestyle", and also get acquainted with the details in the external structure (in the beasts wool on the face shorter, on the back and stomach is longer; feathers in birds are longer on the wings and stomach). Multiple animals are used as objects.

Fish: Voualehvost, telescope, coin, etc.

Amphibians: Frogs, tritons.

Reptiles: Turtles.

Birds: Canaries, wavy parrots (reproduction in captivity).

Mammals: Guinea pigs, hamsters, white rats, rabbit, etc.

The corner of nature in the senior group is characterized by a large variety of plants and animals. The organization of labor and observations is also different here, since children already have ideas about plants and animals and the skills of care for them. Therefore, the care of objects in the corner of nature is carried out already on duty under the guidance of the educator.

In this group, the long-term observations of children for the growth and development of plants and animals occupy a large place. The systematic and properly organized educational work with children in the corner of nature plays a major role.

The care of plants in the corner of nature is carried out by duty under the guidance of the educator (dutymen are organized at the beginning of the year). They watered plants. Plant polling is for children difficult care. Drinking the process of watering itself, they can water the same plant several times a day. Therefore, this work is carried out by children under the control of the educator. Attracting all the guys alternately to the watering, it is necessary to teach every child, as needed to hold the watering can be properly (applying her spout to the edge of the pot), to accustom to pour water to the little, not in a hurry, it is necessary to pour water until all the earth in a pot is wet and On the pallet will not seem water.

Basic animal classes and childcare information are received during classes. However, the process of familiarization with animals should only be reduced to classes. The educator encourages children to observe animals during the day, at the end of each classes gives children a job assignment. Work in animal observation classes enhances children's interest in living beings; It is important to support the mood guys, managing long-term observations. In the classroom, the animal does not always "show" all its habits, and in the process of systematic observation of him, the guys can learn a lot of interesting things. During the discussion of the work and observations of the duty officer, the teacher asks the guys to talk about what they saw, encourages the most attentive. Thus, the teacher constantly supports the interest of children, does not give him to fade. Helps this and their own interest of the educator, his attention to animals.

In the corner of nature of the senior group, there may be the same animals as in the group preparatory for school. The difference is only in the volume of knowledge that children receive about a particular animal, less independent care for it (it is always under control and with the direct participation of the educator), a more limited period of stay of some animals in the corner of nature.

The main requirement that needs to be performed when the animal content in the corner of nature is the creation of normal conditions for their lives. Before purchasing animals, it is necessary to prepare the room for them, trying to bring the conditions of the animal stay in captivity to the natural and pre-harvest food. Animals can not be kept in small, narrow, low, non-suitable cells for them, embossing natural movements.

The protein and most birds are better to contain not in the cells, but in spacious avoices (from the floor to the ceiling) made of wooden frames with a metal mesh stretched.

For animals such as rabbit, guinea pig, hedgehog, we need wooden cells - low, but spacious, giving the opportunity to move freely.

With a lack of space in a large aviary for birds, you can allocate a place for the content of the guinea pig. In this case, the premises of sufficient volume with a plywood ceiling will be blown out in the avoire, so that the animals do not disturb each other.

Small birds can be kept in small cells. It is better to hang on the wall near the window at an altitude of 1.5 m from the floor.

For animal care, a special inventory needs. All objects of animal care are placed together with plant care inventors. Some items, such as a brush, upholstery, etc., convenient to keep directly in the enclosures.

Adults should be remembered and to understand the children that the content of birds, animals in the corner of nature should be given the most serious attention. A living creature is not a toy, it requires a lot of attention and careful care: daily in the same time to feed two three times, changing the water as dirty. (Do not forget on the day off leave food, water!)

It is very important to clean the cage daily. Once a month to produce thorough cleaning: all of her parts wash with warm water with soap.

It is impossible to allow the animals to dangle from non-dissolution. Therefore, the release of them sometimes from the cage, it is necessary to take precautions: close the window and the window so that the bird does not fly out, the protein does not jump out. It is impossible to leave unattended for a long time any animal.

Fish are mandatory and permanent inhabitants of the corner of nature in all groups of kindergarten.

The best aquariums in all respects are wide quadrangular in metallic frames (frame). A new aquarium should be checked if he does not take place, then wash thoroughly, wipe dry and put on a certain place, best on a special table at a small distances from the window.

By installing the aquarium, it is necessary to prepare the soil - thoroughly washed and calcined coarse river sand. It must be put on an uneven layer - with a slope to the middle of the aquarium and to one of its edge, then the dirt will accumulate in one place, and it is easy to remove it with a glass or rubber tube. On top of the sand, put pebbles, seashells, plant plants to give an aquarium similarity with a natural reservoir.

It is especially important to plant plants. Only under this condition can be supported by biological equilibrium in the aquarium. Plants enrich water with oxygen, which is necessary for the respiration of fish, and absorb carbon dioxide. In addition, the eggs are set off by caviar on the leaves of plants, the leaves serve as a refuge for the fry, for some fish they are added nutrition.

After the soil is prepared, plants are planted, you can fill the aquarium with water. Water from the crane should be pre-withstanding for several days in another dishes. In any case, it does not fit it, as it is less than air in heated water. Pour water should be careful not to wash the planted plants. You can do this in different ways: to use the hose, putting it on the ground, a special funnel for pouring water or pour water to a sheet of paper papers on a saucer, put on the bottom, or direct the water stream to your hand, lowered to the aquarium.

In the aquarium, it is advisable to place several freshwater snails; They are kind of sanitary cars - purify the walls of the aquarium and eat the residue of the feed.

It is necessary to replenish the aquarium by fish gradually, considering and comparing new fish with placed earlier.

In the corner of the nature of the elder group of fish should be different: unpretentious aquarium fish - a goldfish and its varieties and fish of freshwater reservoirs, such as a small carp. With good care, it is growing rapidly, and children, starting him to watch him in the older group, will continue to observe the group preparatory for school.

An important condition for the content of fish in the aquarium is the correct feeding. The best food for all fish is a living food: moth-larva mosquito dergun. Each fish to day should be given two - four worms. Store the moth in a damp cloth in a cool place, so it is saved during the week. From dry feeds mainly use daphnia. Dry feed Fish also gives a certain norm.

It is good to alternate dry food with a living moth, when feeding only dry food, the fish are poorly growing, and the heat-water does not multiply. It should not be fed with bread or crumbs, as water zaises them and the sand is contaminated, it is necessary to change the water.

Fingering fish is needed at the same time (once or twice a day), throwing food better in the glass frame-feeder so that it does not break through the whole aquarium. It is not difficult to teach the fish to climb the food on the sound of the bell or on the sound, resulting in tapping with something about the wall of the aquarium. It increases the interest of children to care for fish. Food remnants, descended on the bottom, must be caught in a glass tube.

This is done like this: the tube, covered on top of the finger, lowered to the remnants of the feed, on the bottom, then remove the finger, and the feed along with water rises into the tube; The tube is again closed with a finger and removed from the water. So repeat until the feed remains at the bottom.

For a rubber tube, you need to have a suction balloon (ordinary children's rubber canister).

If the fish are fed correctly, the dirt from the aquarium is removed and there is a sufficient number of plants in it, water can not be changed for months. But if these rules are not respected, the fish feel bad, it is necessary to change the water often.

In polluted water with a small amount of oxygen, the fish is choking and, standing almost vertically at the surface of the water, swept the atmospheric air, which is very excluded them. You also need to avoid the overpopulation of aquarium. It should be processed from the fact that for each fish 10 cm long, no less than 2 liters of water is required.

Change the water in the aquarium and wash it best in the presence of children, attracting them to help, water to pour the hose water. Before this fish is removed by a special sacc. In no case can you allow children to take fish with hands: Fish can get sick.

Two-three children wash pebbles, sand and plants is washing the teacher several times with children.

It is not necessary to always change the water completely, it is possible to pour it into the aquarium, wipe its walls and add fresh water, while fish is not removed and plants are not removed.

In the senior group, children continue to watch and behind the insects - Beetle Plavuntie, if he stayed in a group from summer,

After moving from the cottage to the city, the teacher finds out that it remains in children in memory of this beetle, suggests him to compare him with fish, asks why he is in a separate bank, and not with the fish. Children view floating beetles, feed him, watch how the beetle grabs meat with its strong jaws; Some children remember how he crawls. In the process of care for the inhabitants, the children will notice that the beetle rises from time to time to the surface of the water and puts the rear end of his body (it breathes, capturing the atmospheric air). Sometimes children notice at the rear end of the body of the beetle bubble air. The teacher explains that during the breath, the beetle takes the air under the wings and then it is under water.

It should be remembered that the bottom of the bank, in which there is a female beetle, it is necessary to put the pebbles more larger, so that the beetle could be lingering at the bottom, otherwise his body is relatively easily pushed with water, and he has to make efforts to not be elapsed.

As in the middle group, in the older it is best to have any graining bird - Chizhi, bullfiner, scoop, chcheletk. They all make children with songs, haggles (for example, Chiz is fun fun), attract the colorful feathers.

In addition to those birds that are recommended for the middle group, the elder group can have a blue. It feeds on insects, their larvae and eggs (even in winter), in search of them, she sometimes keeps in a variety of poses sometimes on the finest branches of the tree.

Tits arrive at the feeder if putting hemp seeds, crushed sunflower seeds, slice of sludge. At the trough, the sinitsa behaves like a real owner: distinguishes other birds and even regular visitors - Sparrow.

In the corner of nature, children can get acquainted with the blue even closer: they will notice its mobility, they will look at thin and at the same time a strong beak will see what the title (there are several types there is a bright plumage: black head, white cheeks, black stripes on lemon yellow background Chest (black strip is brighter expressed in the male). The tamed blue can be released, but it is necessary to feed in the cage, then it will fly to it herself. When the tit out of the cell, it is necessary to follow it, as it can clog into toys and die or fall into the aquarium, in a bucket with water.

The sinic feed is a mixture of ant eggs with a grated carrot, cannabis seeds. In addition, the kidneys will be added and fruit trees, Salad slices. Blue can not be kept with other small birds, as she can score them to death.

Daily care of birds in the older group is as follows: Preparation of feed, washing feeders, cream, baths for swimming, filling of feed in feeders, filling water cream and bath, cleaning cells with drawn bottom (sand change, porch cleaning), arrangement of feeders ( Not in porchos), cream, baths in cells. In winter, children prepare birds with a lacquer - green seedlings of oats.

All bird care is carried out under control and with the direct participation of the educator.

There are cases when graters fall out of the nest. It can be taken and focused by pieces of meat, a bun, twisted in milk, earthworms. Such grapple can grow, get used to and even fall out. Especially often it happens with the closure, which had damaged wings. The room for it can be done, extinguishing at the end of the corridor or elsewhere with a wire mesh a small space. In a non-frosty winter, he can arrange housing and in the yard. In the summer he will live on the plot. Grach quickly becomes manual and walks for children, bringing them great pleasure. Children get acquainted with the habits and the life of birds.

Care for live objects in the corner of nature is carried out by duty under the guidance of the educator. This work teaches a child to justice and accurately fulfill its duties and at the same time makes it possible to accumulate knowledge and labor skills.

Duty in the older group are introduced at the beginning school year. The work of duty officers in the corner of nature, where children are dealing with alive organisms, is more difficult than other duty.

In the corner of nature there is no literal repetition of the same actions, so children must constantly show the initiative, smelting. The fish require one care, the beetle-female - another (although, not difficult), for birds need to create completely different conditions than for fish, etc. Yes, and houseplants, as already mentioned, need various care: Some love the sun, others, on the contrary, need to be removed into the shadow, some need abundant polyvka, others are afraid of excessive moisture. All this obliges the caregiver to carefully plan the work of children to care for the inhabitants of the corner.

Before the first duty officer in the corner of nature, a conversation is held: the tutor shows and tells what the duties of each duty are being made, introduces the content of the locker, in which the items needed for duty shows where the aprons hang, where sex brushes are hanging, and so on ., explains what order they need to be left after duty.

In the corner of nature, a few people are on duty: one or. Two take care of plants (depending on the number of plants and children's skills), one feeds fish and swimming, two care for the bird, one prepares and puts food, water, the other is watching the bird to fly out of the cage, then he takes out From the bottom of the bottom, pouring dirty and pour pure sand.

At the end of the duty, the teacher checks whether everything is done correctly: whether there are no feeders and drinkers under arshek, whether porridges are clean, gives an assessment of work and indicates how to fix the errors that were allowed. Attendant by the end of the year it is better to appoint, for two to three days.

Cleaning the corner of nature is periodically carried out with the participation of the entire group. With the right organization, cleaning passes calmly and fun. All the items that the children enjoyed during cleaning should be left clean and folded in order to certain places. At the end of the work, the teacher conducts a conversation with children about how every member of cleaning has manifested itself, what value has a common cleaning and how duty must maintain purity and. Order in the corner.

In the older group, direct observation of animals is advisable to complement the artworks, showing the diamers and movies, reviewing illustrations.

2.4. Preparatory group.

IN preparatory group Generalized knowledge of plants and animal live corners and conditions necessary for their life, growth and development. The main task: Teach children to see cyclicity in the development of nature on the examples of living corner inhabitants. To add knowledge with new information about the peculiarities of the life and development of plants and animals and their fitness to environmental conditions. Plants used for this purpose should be from different natural zones and with different vegetative development cycles, for example, Cippelus spreaded, Havortiya Pearlong, violet DVYABAR. On Clivia, Amaryilis, Gemantus, it is possible to observe the features of seasonal changes (winter-separation of peace, there is no watering). Children in the preparatory group also get acquainted with various species vegetative reproduction: leaves (DVIDSBARY VALIAL, Begonia Rex), bulbs (hemantus, amarylis, clivia), the division of the bush (asparagus, cipers), elbow (chlorophytum, briefilulum). Children should be able to fully care for well-known plants and own in various ways of vegetative reproduction.

When working with animals, attention is drawn to the details in their structure and lifestyle (in the fish eyes, they float in different layers in the aquarium, they are kept singing or packs, etc.). Attention is drawn to the reproduction of some animals (hamster, white rat). Children summarize: for animals to feel good, conditions should be close to natural. Therefore, it is better to use unpretentious animals of their locality. Recommended objects may be such.

Fish: Guppies (niphelistic), swords, Barbus, labyrinth; From the local reservoir Karas.

Birds: In addition to Canareques and Parrots, Snegiri, Schies, Tits.

Mammals: In addition to hamsters and guinea pigs, squirrel.

The corner of nature in the group preparatory to school should differ from the corner in the older group, both in terms of quantity and a variety of inhabitants. Significantly expands the volume of knowledge that children receive 6-7 years old, thanks to a deeper acquaintance with the life of various types of plants and animals, as well as as a result of attracting children to more complex types of care.

Clivia Begonia Rex Amarallis

It is interesting to have such plants on which you can show the children with different methods of breeding: not only with stem cuttings and live bushes, but also on bulbs-kids, siblings of the village of bush, as well sheet cuttings (Begonia Rex, Uzambar violet).

No need to chase over a large number of plants - it is important that they are always in good condition.

Care of plants. With some types of plant care - watering, washing leaves, removing dry leaves - children got acquainted in previous groups. In the preparatory school, the group of children teach new receivers: loosening, spraying, in different ways Purification of leaves from dust, spring - feeding, transplant, reproduction of plants. They must understand the meaning of this or that type of plant care.

In the preparatory for school, a group due to a large number of animals and birds, for which green food is needed throughout the winter, as well as in connection with the increased independence of children of crops and landing in the corner of nature, they take more space than in the older group.

Children should be involved in the preparation of the Earth: to choose pebbles, wands, break, sow, pour the land to be wet, but not too raw and did not stick to the hands.

Children 6 - 7 years old as needed independently sow seeds: Oats, salad, wheat, barley; Sizza root for getting a young greenery. They can also grow chopped cabbage leaves for a turtle.

In some kindergartens, large galvanized antiques in size and width of the windowsill are successfully used for indoor gardens, 12 cm highs. The advantage of galvanized boxes is that they can be used for a number of years not only for landing in winter, but also For growing seedlings of flowers, vegetables, as well as for washing plants during collective cleaning.

In addition to green feed, the work can prepare a certain amount of seedlings for their flower bed and garden.

In the corner of nature, the eldest and preparatory school groups can have identical animals, but children's knowledge of 6-7 years old, skills, quotes associated with the care of the inhabitants of the corner are complicated. In addition, in the corner of the preparatory school, some animals can be kept longer, as long-term observations should be held here (for the same animal, for the growth of young).

In all groups of kindergarten, the corners of nature are permanent inhabitants. But in the preparatory for school, it is advisable to keep in aquarium along with cold-water fish and some heat-water, such as Guppies, Middle Mares, Macro, Scalaria, etc. This will give an opportunity to the tutor not only to expand the ideas of children about the life of fish, to increase interest in them, but also to bring Guys to summarize accumulated ideas, to the formation of the concepts of "fish".

To heal water uses a special heater or a conventional light bulb, suspended on the cord from the side of the aquarium, below the water level. Thermal fish are interesting in that they breed in the aquarium.

Guppies, swordsmen - whipping fish, they dreamed living, fully formed fry. Guppies mouthed fry for a year 6-7 times, from 10 to 50 pieces.

With the appearance of fry adult fish, it is necessary to separate, otherwise they can eat their offspring. Feed kids cyclops and infusories.

Such heat-growing fish like McOurod, Scalaria, Thenecia, -rometer. Each of the listed fish postpones caviar to a certain place: some build a nest (Macoopod), other caviar swollen directly to the bottom of the aquarium or a certain plant.

Falls appear from caviar about 35-50 hours. As soon as the fry will begin to swim, they are littered from the aquarium.

To create normal living conditions Animal in the corner of nature and organization proper care And the observations of them for educators should be found with the biological features of animals, with their lives in vivo, with the rules of content.

When conducting animal observation classes, the educator deepens the knowledge of children. For example, when observing fish, asks, in which water layer of the aquarium, these fish most often are, how they are kept - a stink or one, get along with other fish or fights, etc. The educator leads children to understanding that animals need to create conditions close to natural: in the aquarium there should be plants, on the bottom of the sand, small stones, etc. It is necessary to feed animals by what they eat in nature.

When familiarizing with new animals for children, primary observations are carried out by the type of those that were held in the older group, but with more complex content: for example, in such a lesson, you can talk about the life of an animal in nature, about the benefits of him for a person. Teaching a comparative analysis when familiarizing with animals, the tutor conducts children to conclusions and conclusions.

As in the senior group, comparative observations are carried out; One of the animals, familiar to considering in previous groups, the children of the seventh year of life can compare the memory with another relating to this class. Knowledge of children of this group about animals not only expand, but also complicated: they are summarized. For this purpose, a generalizing conversation is included in animal observation classes. It should be very small, since the main thing in such classes is the viewing, observation of living beings. A generalizing conversation should be closely related to the topic of observation. (For example, a conversation about the winter birds, which forms the concept of this group of birds, and monitoring some of them).

If, in the preparatory school, the children were repeatedly attracted to comparing animals and know how to make such an analysis, it is possible to start a comparison with the identification of the differences (as recommended by us at the beginning), but from establishing signs of similarities between them.

Squirrel-cheerful, deftly jumping animal. In summer, her wool is bright redhead, in winter - gently gray on the back and pure and white on the stomach and breast.

In kindergarten for proteins it is desirable to have a cage on a metal frame, covered with a solid iron grid (protein tree can be obsessed). The cell must be spacious enough (at least 1 m3 per animal) so that the protein can make long jumps. It is better to arrange a spacious aviary height from the floor to the ceiling. In such a aviary, you can keep all the Belich family. In the summer, the avoer is installed in the air.

For sleep, the protein should hang a house with a small inlet and roof on the loop, which would be opened half to clean. In the house put soft rags, torn to pieces of paper, moss, hay - all this will serve as a squirrel with a bedding (the cotton is not recommended, as it stuck in claws).

Overalling with a house, the squirrel itself will make a nest similar to the bird. Falling asleep in the nest, the squirrel is covered with a tail like a blanket.

Food proteins in captivity must be closer to natural. During the day, the protein eats at least 20 g of nuts (cedar, walnut or forest), not less than 20 g of apples or carrots, sunflower seeds or acorns, some dry mushrooms (mushrooms need to be twisted in water). With a big hunting eats a bunch, peel of oranges and mandarins. It is necessary to put in an eraser and fresh branches of deciduous trees, giving chalk, table salt, water (salt and chalk must be put in separate cups), it is useful to give some milk.

Proteins never eat from feeders. Exactly with handles, holds a squirrel with front paws nut, a bump or carrot and turning into all directions, nibbles them with their sharp teeth-cutters.

Cell cleaning should be made daily. To simplify cleaning, the floor in the aviary is recommended to be covered with a piece of linoleum, on a table or a windowsill if the cell is standing on it, put the cape. Cleaning for a protein is easy, because the protein is very clean.

Once a month, it is necessary to clean the whole cell lying with hot water (in order to avoid smell).

The following types of animal care are fully accessible to children to school: Wash the drinking, feeder, pour clean water and give the desired amount of feed to each animal; Wash and cut root roots, greenery for animals and birds; Help adults when cleaning animal cells, when changing water in aquarium: Carefully catch from aquarium with a small sacc of fish and transplant them in pelvis with indoor water, rinse seashells, pebbles, partially rinse sand; Caution with a circular to remove the top layer of water and pour fresh water; After duty, put in order and put in place inventory used; Cleaning in a shopping cabinet: wipe the dust, wipe the shelves of the cabinet, to stretch the rags, wipe the linous aprons with a damp cloth, jumped and dry the dishes for feed and other angle inventory, carefully put everything in their place. In addition, the educator attracts children to the harvesting of animal feed for the winter: the collection of cones with seeds, acorns, drying the collected herb on the hay, etc.

It is necessary to pay attention to the familiarization of children with the objects of care of plants and animals, show and tell where what lies, hanging what is needed for what to agree on the procedure for using inventors. Children must correctly call those items that they use.

To make it easier for children to find the storage location of each subject, you can stick the corresponding pictures.

On duty in the corner of nature are organized since the beginning of the school year.

On the first days of September, the educator conducts a lesson at which children recall how they cared for plants and animals in the older group, reports the need to resume duty.

From the responses of children, the educator finds out whether the children have been remembered, as they cared for indoor plants, as well as the fed of those or other animals. The teacher tries to clarify how important and care for animals and plants for the correct development, clarifies the duty duty, emphasizes their responsibility for doing business.

When teaching children, the care of plants and animals should use a variety of techniques: a personal example, showing, explanation, reminder, belief.

The leading reception in teaching children by labor skills is the show of the teacher in combination with the explanation, how to do how to care.

The first time the show is given to the whole group in class or outside it. But that the children captured the right skills, one show, of course, is not enough, it is necessary to check the execution of its individual children in the future during duty and show again if the child does wrong. Along with this, you need to repeat the entire group; It should be short, but emotional to raise interest in duty officers to the care of plants and animals. To this end, it is advisable to organize observation of the work of an educator or nanny, which sometimes perform duty officers. "Today I will be on duty," says the teacher to children. Or: "Today we have nanny duty. See how it will work. "

The procedure for appointment of duty. Combining children for duty, their skills, interests, behaviors and relationships should be taken into account. Those who still do not have enough skills, should be prescribed to be on duty along with children, copier with the task; Guys with unstable attention, as well as passive prescribed to work with more active, purposeful. Children's relationship should also be taken into account. Therefore, preferably lists of duty compile together with children.

It is advisable to assign on duty on each object separately: on the care of plants, for fish, birds and other animals.

Caring for one animal, the child exercises in the execution of the same techniques and improves them. In subsequent duty he can care for another inhabitant. Later, when children acquire certain skills, you can provide them with the opportunity to agree on how to care for what animals will take care of them to independently distribute duties among themselves. The tutor imperceptibly tells the Children's choice of living corners.

At first, children are on duty on one day, but as the skills are mastered for more duty - within two or three days. The duty for several days increases the responsibility of the guys for the state of the object, for which they care, brings up a sense of debt, and labor skills are improved.

It is advisable to draw up a list of duty for every month. It makes clarity to the distribution of duty, facilitates control so that every child can take care of all the inhabitants of the corner of nature for a month.

The presence of duty officers does not exclude individual animal care assignments, for example, to help duty with difficulty, replace the sick or missing comrade, go to the kitchen for food, take a walk with a turtle and others. Along with short-term labor orders, longer individual orders are possible (for one - The week of the week), for example, care for plants outside the group room - in the office, on the stairs, in the lobby, or animals living on the plot: rabbit, dog, chickens, with chickens, etc., both duty and Separate orders are very valuable in the upbringing of the guys of mutual assistance. You need to teach children to remind each other about your duties, help comrades (more experienced teaches less experienced or shows a new one, how to dudge).

Managing on duty, the individual features of children should be taken into account: one must be able to assist in a timely manner so that the child does not feel his powerlessness, otherwise the interest in labor will disappear; another praise in front of comrades and parents for conscientious attitudes towards their work; on the third, on the contrary, may have an impact of a remark made with all children, with parents; On the fourth strongly there are positive examples of comrades. Sometimes, perhaps, you should remove the child from duty for unfair attitude to the duties.

As the children's skills are mastered, the role of the caregiver should be changed: it may not be able to directly participate in the work of children, but carries out everyday control, which guys feel all the time (it is worth a two or three days to weaken it, as some lose interest in fulfilling duties) .

It is necessary that the children will be reported to the educator about the end of the work, asked to check the made. If you find any omission or it turns out that it is done wrong, the child corrects or commends. Well at the end of the day give an assessment of the work of duty.

In the second half of the year, you can periodically hold reports on duty before the team when transferring duty. Children tell the whole group as they cared for plants and animals, which is new, interesting noticed. The educator attracts the guys themselves to the assessment of the duty officer. Such reports before the team increase the responsibility of the duty officers for fulfilling their duties.

An important condition for the upheaval of hard work is a sense of satisfaction and joy from the results of work. Therefore, when assessing duty, it is necessary to emphasize that the good condition of plants and animals is associated with the conscientious fulfillment of duties.

Collective cleaning. To cleaning the corner of nature should systematically attract all children. Collective cleaning requires a clear organization of labor and training required conditions.

Before starting with children, negotiate how to distribute work. This can be done in different ways, for example, break the children to the subgroups and each subgroup to give a certain task, while explaining what and how to do. So, several children replace partially water in the aquarium, the second subgroup washes the plants and put them in place, the third is engaged in cleaning cells, aviary.

It is necessary to distribute the load so that children can end the work at the same time. It is important to ensure that everyone, being a member of a common cause, has taken place to fulfill the instructions to him, bring the work started to the end.

During the work, the educator should have in the field of view of all children, to provide in need of timely assistance, maintain in children a cheerful mood and the desire to fulfill work well.

Upon completion of cleaning, it is necessary to clean up the group: put everything in place, to inspect everything, cause children a sense of satisfaction from collectively done work. "In the corner it became pure, beautiful, and that you did everything together," says the teacher. It is especially necessary to emphasize the importance of collective labor: that it is difficult and for a long time to do one, easily and quickly make everyone together.

Thanks to the participation in collective labor, children are formed such valuable qualities as friendship, the ability to distribute work among themselves, to assist a friend in difficulty, rejoice in the success of others, to obey the requirements of comrades.

In the process of education of labor skills and skills, consistency in the work of two educators is of great importance, as well as an agreement with a nanny-cleaner of the group. The educator explains the Nyan the meaning of the duty and collective labor of children, reveals their content. It is very important to teach the nanny-cleaner with the right receptions of plants and animals. It is also desirable that she participates in collective cleaning.

Conclusion .

To love nature, you need to know it, and to know, you need to study. In the process of knowledge of nature, aesthetic feelings and tastes are also developed. The perception of the aesthetic phenomena of nature and the experiences arising from this are depending on the circle of representations, values \u200b\u200band common development man.

A large role in the aesthetic education of preschoolers by means of nature belongs to the pedagogical team of kindergarten. The task must be in front of them - consistently, systematically, purposefully develop and improve the aesthetic tastes of children.

The observation of the surrounding reality has a profound impact on the comprehensive development of the child's personality. In the process of observation, the child includes all analyzers: visual - the child sees the size, the color of the object under study; The auditory - the child hears the sound of the wind, the water splash in the river, the knock of the raindrops, the rustle of the leaves, the murmur of the stream - all this is charming for a child's rumor. The taste makes it possible to finely distinguish - the sweet taste of honey and the salty taste of sea water, the taste of spring water and meadow strawberry. Touching is the second eye of the child. Feeling nature objects, the child feels all the roughness of the bark of trees, grapple sand, scales of cones. And smells! Sea odors, which worries the imagination of the child - the smell of poplar kidney after the rain, the smell of spring, the smell of warm earth heated from the sun. No wonder K.D. Shushinsky wrote that the child "thinks with forms, paints, sounds." Develop observation in children - this is the task that rises to the educators.

Work in nature has a great educational significance. It expands the horizons of children, creates favorable conditions for solving sensory education problems. Working in nature, children get acquainted with the properties and qualities, states of nature objects, assimilate ways to establish these properties. The educator teaches children to focus on the properties of nature objects to perform employment. So, to determine whether the plant needs in watering, it is necessary to take into account its condition (elasticity, density of leaves and stem). As a result, children make up a reference idea of \u200b\u200bthe properties, qualities, states of nature objects.

Working in nature, children in practice absorb the dependence of the state of plants and animals from meeting their needs, learn about the role of a person in the management of nature. The assimilation of these ties and dependencies contributes to the formation of the relationship of children to nature, work becomes meaningful and targeted.

In the process of labor in nature in children, knowledge of plants (properties and quality of plants, their structure, needs, main stages of development, methods of cultivation, seasonal changes), about animals (appearance, need, movement methods, habits, lifestyle, seasonal Changes). Children learn to establish the connection between the conditions, the lifestyle of the animal in nature and the ways to care for it in the corner of nature.

Work in nature contributes to the development of observation and curiosity in children, inquisitiveness, causes their interest in the objects of nature, to the work of a person, respect for people of labor.

Labor in nature creates favorable conditions for physical development Children, as in most cases it passes in air, is diverse in nature, and this contributes to the development of movements, strengthening nervous system Child.

The aesthetic needs of children are satisfied in the work. Square and interesting work gives them joy, and this is the basis for education in the future desire to work, sustainable interest in labor.

Bibliography.

Bobyleva L. "Environmental classes of preschool children", "Pre-school education", 1997, №7.
Bure R. S. "The moral and labor education of children in kindergarten", Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1987
Vinogradova N. F. "Mental education of children in the process of familiarization with nature.", Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1978
Gaidaman A., Tiettony T. "Socio-Ecological Ideal" // "Pre-school education", 1990, №1.
Drejabo S. D., Yasvin V. A. "Nature: an object or subject of identity relations", Moscow, "School of Health", 1995, vol. 1.2.
Dmitriev yu.d. , Fijaritskaya N. M., "Your Red Book.", Moscow, "Young Guard", 1986
Zarina A. "Salvy to us, Goldfish", // "Preschool Education", 1993, No. 7.
Kavtaradze D. N. "Nature: from guarding to care?" // "Knowledge -Sila", 1993, №3.
Likhachev B.T. "Ecology of personality", // "Pedagogy", №2, 1993
Markovskaya M. M. "Corner of nature in kindergarten: the book of the educator of a kindergarten", Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1989
Nechaeva V. G. "Education of a preschooler in labor", Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1983
Nikolaev S. N "Creating conditions for environmental education of children", Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1993
Nikolaeva S. N. "Education began ecological culture in preschool childhood: work technique with children in the garden.", Moscow, "New School", 1995
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Introduction 1.

Children's work in the corner of nature in junior groups 2

Children's work in the corner of nature in medium groups 3

Children's work in the corner of nature in senior groups 5

Children's work in the corner of nature in preparatory groups 10

Conclusion 23.

References 25.

Introduction

The perception of nature helps to develop such qualities as cheerfulness, emotionality, sensitive, attentive attitude towards everything alive. A child who loved nature will not mindlessly tear flowers, rip nests, offend animals.

Nature contributes to the mental development of children, their logical thinking and speech. If you teach children to admire the bright pares of the sky at sunset and sunrise, the expanses of the intricate shape of the snowflakes, the flight of the swallows, the child flies artistic taste, he will be able to know deeper the worldwill strive for the creation of beauty with your own hands.

Nature is full of extraordinary miracles. It never repeats, so you should teach children to search and find a new one in the already known, seen.

Acquisition of a child to an independent mortgage work, his acquaintance with the work of adults is the most important means of forming the moral basis of the personality of the child, its humanistic orientation, volitional qualities.

Square "kind" and "smart" work, work, often related to the game, is precisely the necessary activity of the child preschooler (in addition to the actual play), which meets its age characteristics. The systematic inclusion of the labor activity of the child in the process of its education in the family and kindergarten is immeasurably increases the intrinsicity of the period of preschool childhood, as well as the level of training for school and, in the end, to adulthood.

At the same time, it is impossible to forget that the success of labor education is impossible without much attention to the individuality of the child. After all, every person, including a small, unique, peculiar personality with his interests, attachments, opportunities, features of nature.

Direct communication with wildlife gives a child brighter ideas than books and pictures. Therefore, in early age groups, conditions are created for everyday communication of children with nature, corners of nature are organized, where children have the opportunity to observe fish, birds, plants, see the care of the teacher about them, get the first elementary labor skills.

Children's work in the corner of nature in junior groups

Care of indoor plants kids still unavailable: The tutor does it himself, but necessarily in the presence of children, attracts their attention to his actions, suggests looking like water from the watering can be poured into the ground; Some children can help a little adult: to hold watering can, pour water into it, wipe a wide sheet with a damp cloth, etc. In the process of work, it is necessary to explain to children that watered plants and wipe the dust from the leaves so that they grow better.

At the end of April, at the beginning of May, sowing large seeds of beans, beans, nasturtiums.

In the corner of nature, flowers brought from walks, caught beetles, butterflies, etc. are placed. Acquire children to put flowers in a vase, banks, making up bouquets of them.

A beautifully decorated aquarium in the group will immediately attract the attention of children.

Child labor in the corner of nature in medium groups

Indoor plants - permanent inhabitants of the corner of nature in all groups of kindergarten. This makes it possible to teach children to care for plants.

The care of plants at the beginning of the year is carried out in the presence of children. Gradually attracting them to satisfying assistance, showing how to pour water, how to keep a watering can, water, wipe the leaves, calling the objects of care, catching children to put everything in their place.

After work, the floor wipes, rinse the rags, squeeze them and hang for drying, then plants put in place

The acquaintance of children with fish, birds, small animals is a corner of nature.

Introduction 1.

Children's work in the corner of nature in junior groups 2

Children's work in the corner of nature in medium groups 3

Children's work in the corner of nature in senior groups 5

Children's work in the corner of nature in preparatory groups 10

Conclusion 23.

Nature promotes the mental development of children, their logical thinking and speech. If you have to adoperate children to admire the bright pares of the sky at sunset and sunrise, the expanses of the intricate shape of the snowflakes, the flight of the swallows, the child flies artistic taste, he will be able to deeper the world around the world, will strive to create a beauty with his own hands.

Nature is full of extraordinary miracles. It never repeats, so you should teach children to search and find a new one in the already known, seen.

At the end of April, at the beginning of May, sowing large seeds of beans, beans, nasturtiums.

In the corner of nature, flowers brought from walks, caught beetles, butterflies, etc. are placed. Acquire children to put flowers in a vase, banks, making up bouquets of them.

A beautifully decorated aquarium in the group will immediately attract the attention of children.

Indoor plants - permanent inhabitants of the corner of nature in all groups of kindergarten. This makes it possible to teach children to care for plants.

After work, the floor wipes, rinse the rags, squeeze them and hang for drying, then plants put in place

The acquaintance of children with fish, birds, small animals is a corner of nature.

It should be remembered that an example of adults is the main condition for education in children of interest and careful attitude towards nature.

During the winter, children sow oats for rabbits and birds (they need green food), like the kids put onions, they are following its growth, carefully watered (without pouring bulbs).

In the spring corner, and the whole group room, the first spring flowers are decorated: coltsfoot, blue and white armor, sleep-grass, hooker, goose bow or others.

In the summer in the corner of nature, children bring plants fields, meadows and forests.

As in all groups of kindergarten, constant and compulsory plants, the corner of nature are houseplants.

When leaving the bulbous plants, only the land is watered and in no case poured a bulb. It is necessary to explain to children that watering plants should be water, which already stood in the room. It is also necessary to recall that the leaves of plants need to be kept clean, wash with warm water: cold water It is harmful. Plants with small leaves (for example, a tradescania, begonia eternal) watered from watering can with a pitchfork, setting plants in a pelvis.

It is necessary to show how to loosen the land in pots, gradually escaping to this care and children.

During the spring-summer period, when plants need more nutrition, it is necessary to feed the plants with organic or mineral fertilizers when children, attracting children to work (pour plants with water before and after feeding), explaining the purpose of feeding.

In the senior group, children introduce some ways to reproduction of plants. To do this, transplanted and multiply two or three plants. Children take part in this work.

Well, if every child will monitor the growth and development of his stalk and all interesting (at will) sketch into an individual album. Such albums can be used as illustrations to a conversation about room plants.

Grown plants Children can give kids or replenish the corner of nature at home.